Abstract: Using silk fibroin (SF) as a co-absorbed carrier to load the icariin (ICA) on the interface of porous β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP), the SF-ICA/β-TCP composites were abtained. The microstructure and porosity of the SF-ICA/β-TCP composite were maintained. The release tests show that the ICA release in composite can be controlled by loading amount. High release (2.80×10^-4 mg/mL to 7.00×10^-4 mg/mL) or low release (5×10^-6 mg/mL to 1.0×10^-5 mg/mL) of the ICA has been detected and the cumulative release is 5.2×10^-3 mg or 7.0×10^-5 mg, respectively. The cell proliferation have and scanning electron microscopy observation has displayed no indicated significant difference between the ICA loaded or blank SF/β-TCP composite. However, there is high expression of alkaline phosphatase activity in the ICA loaded SF/β-TCP composite. The high ICA loaded β-tricalcium phosphate may have a potential application in bone repair in vivo.