对位和间位芳纶短切纤维混杂对芳纶纸性能的影响

Hybrid effect of para-aramid fiber and meta-aramid fiber on properties of aramid paper

  • 摘要: 采用国产对位芳纶(聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺)短切纤维、间位芳纶(聚间苯二甲酰间苯二胺)短切纤维与沉析纤维混杂制备芳纶纸,研究了纤维混杂效应对芳纶纸性能的影响。采用SEM、XRD分析了自制混杂纤维芳纶纸和Nomex T410(0.13 mm)纸中短切纤维与沉析纤维之间的微区结合特征以及结晶性能,通过TGA分析了混杂纤维芳纶纸与Nomex T410纸的耐热性能,并通过对比自制芳纶纸与Nomex T410纸力学性能、绝缘性能,研究了对位和间位芳纶短切纤维混杂对芳纶纸性能的影响。结果表明:芳纶纸抗张指数、撕裂指数、结晶度以及耐热性能均随对位芳纶短切纤维添加量的增加而增加,而芳纶纸耐压强度呈先上升后下降的趋势。当对位和间位短切纤维混杂比为2∶2(质量比)时,自制混杂纤维芳纶纸与Nomex T410纸短切纤维与沉析纤维之间粘结状态相似,力学性能、绝缘性能与耐热性能相近,其抗张指数为130.4 N·m·g-1,优于Nomex T410纸纵向(111.1 N· m·g-1)与横向(56.2 N·m·g-1)的;撕裂指数为32.6 mN·m2·g-1,介于Nomex T410纸纵向(37.6 mN· m2·g-1)与横向(23.6 mN· m2·g-1)之间;耐压强度分别为26.5 kV·m-1和27.0 kV·m-1;结晶度分别为34.84%、15.71%;初始分解温度分别为430.6℃、435.1℃,780℃时其质量损失分别为42.8%、39.1%,芳纶纸均具有稳定的耐热性能。

     

    Abstract: In this study, the self-made hybrid aramid papers were prepared with domestic para-aramid chopped fibers, meta-aramid chopped fibers and meta-aramid fibrids. The inter-binding features between the fibers and fibrids and crystalline properties of self-made hybrid aramid paper and Nomex T410(0.13 mm)paper were observed by SEM and XRD. The heat resistance properties of papers were also examined by TGA. The mechanical and dielectic properties were studied by comparison with the self-aramid hybrid paper and Nomex T410 paper, and correspondingly the hybrid effects of different chopped fibers on aramid paper were clarified. The results show that the paper properties of tensile strength, tearing index, crystallinity and heat resistance of the self-made hybrid aramid papers increase dramatically with the content increasing of para-aramid chopped fibers in sheets, however, the dielectric strength of papers increases at the beginning of chopped fibers hybriding and then decreases. When the hybriding ratio is 2:2, a favorable inter-bond features between the chopped fibers and fibrids is alike that of Nomex T410 paper, and mechanical and dielectic properties are close to that of Nomex T410 paper. The tensile index of self-made aramid paper is 130.4 N·m·g-1, better than that of the Nomex T410 paper which is 111.1 N·m·g-1 in machine direction and 56.2 N·m·g-1 in cross direction. The tear index is 32.6 mN·m2·g-1 which is between the machine direction(37.6 mN·m2·g-1) and cross direction(23.6 mN·m2·g-1) of Nomex T410 paper. The maximum value 26.5 kV·m-1 was gained at the hybriding ratio of 2:2, which was very close to 27.0 kV·m-1 of Nomex T410 paper. The degrees of crystallinity of the two papers were 34.84% and 15.71%, respectively. The initial decomposition temperatures are 430.6℃ and 435.1℃, and their mass loss at 780℃ are 42.8% and 39.1%, respectively, which indicates that aramid papers have stable heat resistance properties.

     

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