Abstract: The graphite nanoplatelets(GnPs)-carboxylated acrylo nitrile butadiene rubber(XNBR) composites were prepared via emulsion blending by the electron beam irradiation. The effects of the irradiation dose on the emulsion stability, crosslinking degree, thermal stability, electrical performance and the morphology of GnPs-XNBR were characterized. The results show that crosslinking degree, the thermal stability and the volume resistance rate of GnPs-XNBR increase after irradiation, while the stability of the emulsion decrease obviously. The interface interaction between the rubber particles and graphite nanoplatelets and the distribution of graphite nanoplatelets in the rubber matrix are enhanced through the core-shell structure formation attributed to the irradiation, which resulte in the increment of thermal stability and dielectric constant, and also the decrement of the conductivity and dielectric loss of the GnPs-XNBR.