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三种形貌纳米SiO2的调控合成及其原位增强亲水性聚氨酯注浆复合材料

Synthesis and characterization of three kinds of nano SiO2 particles with different morphologies and their application in reinforced polyurethane grouting composites

    摘要
  • 摘要: 以硅酸钠为硅源，通过对硅酸钠水解形成纳米SiO2（nano SiO2）的过程进行调控，得到含无定形nano SiO2（nano A-SiO2）、球状nano SiO2（nano S-SiO2）和层状六角形nano SiO2（nano LH-SiO2）的水溶胶。以异氰酸酯和高亲水性聚醚多元醇为原料，合成亲水性聚氨酯（HPU）预聚体，并实现其与硅溶胶的原位反应，制备nano SiO2/HPU注浆复合材料。通过ATR-FTIR、TEM、SEM及力学性能测试，对nano SiO2/HPU的结构和性能进行表征与测试。结果表明，成功实现了聚乙二醇（PEG）对硅酸钠水解生成nano SiO2过程的调控，并且不同形态结构的nano SiO2粒子对nano SiO2/HPU注浆复合材料的力学性能影响不同。其中，nano S-SiO2/HPU具有更高的压缩强度，nano LH-SiO2/HPU具有更强的韧性。

     

    Abstract: Three kinds of SiO2 sols containing amorphous nano-silica (nano A-SiO2), spherical nano-silica (nano S-SiO2), and layered hexagonal nano-silica (nano LH-SiO2) particles were controllably synthesized by tailoring the hydrolysis of sodium silicate. By in-situ reaction between SiO2 sols and hydrophilic polyurethane (HPU) prepolymer, synthesizing from diisocyanate and polyether polyol, a series of nano-silica modified hydrophilic polyurethane composites (nano SiO2/HPU) were obtained. The structure and properties of HPU and nano SiO2/HPU were characterized by ATR-FTIR, TEM, SEM and mechanical properties. The results show that PEG plays a regulating role in the formation of nano-silica particles in SiO2 sol, and the morphology of nano-silica particles affects the mechanical properties of nano SiO2/HPU grouting composites differently. Specifically, nano S-SiO2/HPU exhibits higher compression strength, and nano LH-SiO2/HPU possesses better toughness.

     

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