Connection technology and mechanical properties of sandwich structure with the core of elastic damping metal spiral wire mesh
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摘要: 针对弹性阻尼螺旋金属丝网夹芯结构界面连接性能不明确的问题,分别采用真空钎焊和胶结两种典型连接工艺,进行了面内压缩和拉伸剪切力学性能试验,结合SEM和EDS等材料微观表征方法,展开夹芯结构界面结合的物理机制和力学特性的研究。研究结果表明:钎焊连接界面相对胶结更均匀连续,钎料中Ni、Si元素与芯材、面板中的Fe、Cr元素扩散现象明显,形成良好的冶金结合。在压缩载荷作用下,钎焊夹芯板和胶结夹芯板的损耗因子最高分别达到了0.194和0.128,两种方式制备的夹芯板都具有较大的能量耗散能力。钎焊和胶结夹芯板的拉伸剪切载荷峰值分别达到了2 589 N和1 302 N,前者峰值载荷随芯材密度的增加而增加,而后者却与之相反;两种工艺在拉伸剪切过程中的失效破坏形式明显不同,胶结表现为面板与芯材的脱粘失效,钎焊主要发生芯材金属丝网的裂纹扩展和断裂失效,未发生面/芯分离。本研究对金属多孔夹芯结构的连接和力学性能分析具有一定的理论和应用指导意义。Abstract: Aiming at the problem of unclear interface connection performance of the sandwich structure with the core of elastic damping spiral wire mesh, two typical connection processes of vacuum brazing and cementing were adopted. The physical interface bonding mechanism and mechanical properties of the sandwich structure have been studied in-depth through compression and shear tests and microscopic characterizations such as SEM and EDS. The results show that the interface characteristics by brazing process are uniform and continuous rather than that by cementing process. The brazing interface of the sandwich panel has formed a good metallurgical bond, i.e., the Ni and Si elements in the brazing filler metal diffuse obviously with the Fe and Cr elements in the panel and core material. The highest loss factors of the brazed sandwich panel and the cemented sandwich panel under the static compression load can reach 0.194 and 0.128, respectively. This means that the sandwich panel with metal spiral mesh has a large energy dissipation capacity. The peak loads of tensile shear test for the brazed cemented sandwich panels are up to 2 589 N and 1 302 N, respectively. The peak load of the former increases with the increase of the core material density, while the latter is the opposite. The failure mode of the brazed sandwich panel in the tensile shear experiment is peeling of the panel and the core material, while the cemented sandwich panel mainly occurs crack propagation and fracture of core material. This research provides a theoretical and application guideline for the connection and mechanical performance analysis of porous metallic sandwich structures.
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表 1 SUS304不锈钢原材料的性能参数
Table 1. Performance parameters of SUS304 material
Element Fe Ni C Si Mn S P Cr Content/wt% ≥71 8.01 ≤0.08 ≤1.00 ≤2.00 ≤0.03 ≤0.035 17.12 Property Young′s modulus/GPa Density/(g·cm−3) Tensile strength/MPa Yield strength/MPa Value 199 7.93 680 340 表 2 JL101金属胶的性能参数
Table 2. Performance parameters of JL101 metal glue
Colour Density/(g·cm−3) Compressive strength/MPa Tensile strength/MPa Cast iron 1.64 87.6 26.8 Shear strength/MPa Bending strength/MPa Hardness(Shore D) Working temperature/℃ 19.8 50 75 −60-300 表 3 BNi2钎料的化学成分
Table 3. Chemical composition of solder BNi2
Composition Ni Cr Si B Fe Co C P W Content/wt% ≥84 6-8 4-5 2.75-3.5 2.5-3.5 ≤0.1 ≤0.06 ≤0.02 ≤0.02 Property Solid phase line/℃ Liquidus line/℃ Value 970 1000 表 4 金属螺旋丝网复合夹芯板面内压缩试验参数
Table 4. In-plane compression test parameters of sandwich structure with the core of elastic damping metal spiral wire mesh
Name Length/mm Width/mm Density/(g·cm−3) Thickness/mm Connection C1-1 60 60 3.0 3 Brazing C1-2 60 60 3.0 5 Brazing C1-3 60 60 3.0 7 Brazing C1-4 60 60 3.0 9 Brazing C2-1 60 60 3.0 3 Adhesive C2-2 60 60 3.0 5 Adhesive C2-3 60 60 3.0 7 Adhesive C2-4 60 60 3.0 9 Adhesive 表 5 金属螺旋丝网复合夹芯板面内剪切拉伸试验参数
Table 5. In-plane shear tensile test parameters of sandwich structure with the core of elastic damping metal spiral wire mesh
Name Length/mm Width/mm Density/(g·cm−3) Thickness/mm Connection S1-1 140 60 2.0 5 Brazing S1-2 140 60 2.5 5 Brazing S1-3 140 60 3.0 5 Brazing S1-4 140 60 3.5 5 Brazing S2-1 140 60 2.0 5 Adhesive S2-2 140 60 2.5 5 Adhesive S2-3 140 60 3.0 5 Adhesive S2-4 140 60 3.5 5 Adhesive -
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