A method of enhancing honeycomb absorbing performance based on metamaterial
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摘要: 吸波蜂窝兼备轻质、承载、吸波特点，被广泛用于隐身结构设计，但其存在低频吸波性能相对较弱的问题。本文采用方形开口谐振环单元提出了一种具有电磁波强吸收性能的超材料设计方法，并将其应用于吸波蜂窝电磁性能改性设计，实现了宽频吸波性能的显著提升。首先设计方形开口谐振环单元，进行了电磁散射特性随单元外形参量变化研究，通过仿真探究了介质层厚度、方环宽度、开口宽度和外框边长等4个主要设计参量对超材料吸波性能的影响，分析了电磁吸收峰出现的频点和强度随单元外形变化的规律，提出了一种具有窄带强吸波特性的方案。然后将方形开口谐振环超材料与吸波蜂窝相结合，提出了一种超材料吸波蜂窝的设计方法。研究发现，所设计的超材料吸波蜂窝相比普通吸波蜂窝在1~10 GHz反射损耗平均提升了4.4 dB，吸波蜂窝的吸波性能得到显著提升。Abstract: Absorbing honeycomb, which has the characteristics of lightweight, load-bearing, and microwave absorbing, is widely used in radar absorbing structure design. But it has shortcoming in low-frequency absorption performance. In this paper, a metamaterial with strong electromagnetic wave absorption performance was designed using square open resonant ring units. The metamaterial was applied to modify the electromagnetic performance of an absorbing honeycomb, and realized significant improvement on broadband microwave absorption performance. First, the square split ring resonator unit was designed. The variation of electromagnetic scattering characteristics with the shape parameters of the square split ring resonator unit was studied. The influence of the four main design parameters, including the thickness of the dielectric layer, the width of the square ring, the opening width of the square ring and the length of the square ring, on the absorption performance of the metamaterial was explored through simulation. The change rules of the electromagnetic absorption peak with the shape of the square split ring resonator unit were analyzed. A scheme with strong narrow-band absorbing ability was proposed. Then, a design method for metamaterial absorbing honeycomb was proposed by combining the square split ring resonator metamaterial with the absorbing honeycomb. Research shows that compared with the absorbing honeycomb, the reflection loss of the metamaterial absorbing honeycomb is improved by 4.4 dB in 1~10 GHz on average. The absorption performance of the absorbing honeycomb has been significantly enhanced.
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图 3 不同介质层厚度方形开口谐振环(SSRR)超材料的反射损耗
Figure 3. Reflection loss of square split ring resonator (SSRR) metamaterial with different dielectric layer thickness
图 4 不同外框边长SSRR超材料的反射损耗
Figure 4. Reflection loss of SSRR metamaterial with different ring length
图 5 不同方框宽度SSRR超材料的反射损耗
Figure 5. Reflection loss of SSRR metamaterial with different ring width
图 6 不同开口宽度SSRR超材料的反射损耗
Figure 6. Reflection loss of SSRR metamaterial with different opening width
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