Influencing factors of rheological properties and prediction of rheological behavior of fresh low water-to-cement ratio cement pastes
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摘要: 高性能混凝土流变性能较差的稳定性以及较为复杂的调控方法，是影响其在土木工程建设中推广应用的重要因素之一。基于堆积密度试验、流变试验和总有机碳吸附试验，研究了矿粉和粉煤灰掺量对低水胶比水泥浆体流变参数的影响规律。结果表明：当矿粉和粉煤灰体积掺量在0%～15%之间时，随着掺量的增加，复合胶凝材料体系的堆积密度提高，水泥浆体的屈服应力和塑性粘度降低，并且上述规律随着减水剂掺量和矿物掺合料取代量的增加更加明显。胶凝材料表面的吸附-脱附平衡速率常数只与减水剂性质有关，对于本试验所用的减水剂拟合值为12。通过颗粒堆积理论和经典流变模型分析得到，矿粉和粉煤灰主要通过影响复合胶凝材料体系的凝胶作用力和相对堆积密实度，影响水泥浆体的流变性能。基于此提出了适用于水泥-矿粉和水泥-粉煤灰体系的低水胶比水泥浆体流变性能预测及优化方法。Abstract: The poor stability and complex control methods of rheological properties of high performance concrete are one of the important factors that affect its popularization and application in civil engineering construction. Based on the measurements of packing density, rheological properties, and total organic carbon adsorption, the influence and mechanism of the content of mineral additives on the rheological properties of cement paste with low water-to-cement ratio were investigated. The results show that, when the volume content of mineral powder and fly ash is between 0% and 15%, with the increase of the volume, the packing density of the composite cementing material system will be increased, and the yield stress and plastic viscosity of the cement slurry will be reduced. Moreover, the above rheological parameters increase with the increase in PCE dosage and the replacement ratio of mineral additives. Through adopting the particle packing model and recently developed rheological models, the adsorption-desorption equilibrium rate constant on the surface of the cementitious material is only related to the nature of the water reducing agent, and the fitted value is 12 for the water reducing agent used in this test. It is concluded that the change in rheological properties by blending mineral additives is mainly due to the changes in the colloidal interactions and relative packing density of the cementitious particles. Based on the above findings, an approach for predicting and optimizing the rheological properties of low water-to-cement ratio cement paste applicable to the cement-slag and the cement-fly ash microbeads system is proposed.
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Key words:
- adsorption isotherms /
- packing density /
- yield stress /
- plastic viscosity /
- rheological model
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图 3 矿粉和粉煤灰掺量对水泥浆体堆积密度影响
Figure 3. Effect of blast furnace slag and fly ash on packing density of cement pastes
图 4 矿粉和粉煤灰掺量对水泥浆体流变曲线影响
Figure 4. Effect of blast furnace slag and fly ash on rheological curves of cement pastes
图 5 矿粉和粉煤灰掺量对水泥浆体流变参数影响
Figure 5. Effect of blast furnace slag and fly ash on rheological parameters of cement paste
图 6 矿粉和粉煤灰掺量对水泥浆体等温吸附曲线的影响
Figure 6. Effect of blast furnace slag and fly ash on isothermal adsorption curves of cement paste
图 7 减水剂表面覆盖率随其相对掺量(即实际掺量与饱和掺量之比)的变化
Figure 7. Surface coverage of polymers in SP as a function of its relative dosage (i.e., the ratio between the real dosage and the saturated dosage of SP)
图 8 减水剂掺量对不同体系胶凝材料颗粒相对表面间分开距离的影响
Figure 8. Effect of SP dosage on the separation distance between the relative surfaces of cementitious materials of different systems
图 9 复合体系堆积密度计算值与试验值的关系
Figure 9. Relationship between computed and measured packing density of cementitious particles
图 10 复合体系水泥浆体流变参数计算值与试验值的关系
Figure 10. Relationship between calculated and experimental values of rheological parameters for blended systems
表 1 胶凝材料的化学组成(wt%)
Table 1. Chemical composition of cementitious material(wt%)
Material SiO2 Al2O3 CaO MgO Fe2O3 SO3 K2O Others OPC 21.26 5.53 62.42 3.24 2.89 2.83 1.12 0.71 BFS 33.18 12.59 38.16 11.24 2.67 1.14 0.36 0.66 FA 61.12 20.14 8.34 1.03 7.16 0 1.37 0.84 Notes: OPC is ordinary Portland cement. BFS is blast furnace slag. FA is fly ash. 
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表 2 水泥净浆配合比
Table 2. Mix proportion of cement pastes
Sample Mix proportion/(kg·m−3) Water/
binder ratioOPC FA BFS SP REF 1899.5 0 0 58.9 0.21 F-5% 1804.5 73.6 0 58.2 0.21 F-10% 1709.5 147.3 0 57.6 0.21 F-15% 1614.6 220.9 0 56.9 0.21 S-5% 1804.5 0 87.2 58.6 0.21 S-10% 1709.5 0 174.3 58.4 0.21 S-15% 1614.6 0 261.5 58.2 0.21 Notes: REF is the control group of pure cement system; Numbers after F and S are the volume ratios to cement; F is blast furnace slag; S is fly ash.
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表 3 减水剂在不同胶凝材料体系中的饱和掺量Dsat
Table 3. Saturated dosage of Dsat SP in different cementitious material systems
Sample Dsat REF 0.61 S-5% 0.79 S-10% 0.85 S-15% 0.89 F-5% 0.63 F-10% 0.67 F-15% 0.68
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