Preparation of graphene (carbon nanotubes)-cellulose/keratin composite sensing films
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摘要: 纤维素(CE)和角蛋白(FK)是来源丰富的天然材料，纤维素已经应用在生产生活各个领域，而作为羽毛主要成分的角蛋白大多被废弃了。把角蛋白复合到纤维素中，可以废物利用、改善纤维素材料的性能。首先以离子液体1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑氯盐([Bmim]Cl)溶解纤维素与角蛋白，以环氧氯丙烷(ECH)为交联剂使CE与FK联结成网络，利用离子液体对石墨烯或碳纳米管π-π堆积的屏蔽作用，使碳纳米管或者石墨烯很好地分散到纤维素/角蛋白交联网络复合体系，提升材料的导电性能与力学性能。所制得的复合薄膜拉伸强度和应变能达到64.8 MPa和58.0%，弯曲30º、60º、90º时，电阻会增加10%、14%和35%，可以通过薄膜形变引发的电阻变化监测人体运动行为的变化，因此，该复合薄膜有希望应用于监测运动的可穿戴电子设备，用于运动、医疗等领域。Abstract: Cellulose (CE) and keratin (FK) are abundant natural materials. Cellulose has been used in various fields of production and life, while keratin, which is the main component of feathers, has mostly been discarded. Compounding keratin into cellulose can make good use of waste materials and improve the properties of cellulose materials. Firstly, cellulose and keratin were dissolved with ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([Bmim]Cl), and epichlorohydrin (ECH) was used as a crosslinking agent to connect CE and FK into a network. The ionic liquid can shield the π-π deposition of graphene or carbon nanotubes, so that the carbon nanotubes or graphene can be well dispersed into the cellulose/keratin cross-linked network composite system to improve the electrical and mechanical properties of the material. The tensile strength and strain of the prepared composite film can reach 64.8 MPa and 58.0%, respectively. When bending 30º, 60º and 90º, the resistance would increase by 10%, 14% and 35%. The change of human motion behavior can be monitored by the change of resistance caused by the deformation of the film. Therefore, the composite film is very promising to be applied to wearable electronic devices that monitor motion, for sports, medical and other fields.
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Key words:
- wearable electronic devices /
- sense /
- cellulose /
- keratin /
- carbon nanotubes /
- graphene /
- ionic liquid
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图 1 (a) GR(CNTs)-CE/FK复合薄膜制备示意图；(b) FK和CE的基本结构式；(c)~(e) CE、FK与ECH的可能交联方式
Figure 1. (a) Schematic diagram of GR(CNTs)-CE/FK composite film preparation; (b) Structural formulas of FK and CE ; (c)-(e) Possible linking way of CE and FK with crosslinker ECH
图 2 交联前后的CE和FK的FTIR图谱
Figure 2. FTIR spectra of CE and FK before and after crosslinking
图 3 GR(CNTs)-CE/FK复合薄膜FTIR图谱的比较
Figure 3. Comparison of FTIR spectra of GR(CNTs)-CE/FK composite films
图 4 GR(CNTs)-CE/FK复合薄膜应力-应变曲线及外观图像
Figure 4. Stress-strain curves and external view of the GR(CNTs)-CE/FK composite films
图 5 交联前后CE和FK的XRD图谱
Figure 5. XRD patterns of CE and FK before and after cross-linking
图 7 GR(CNTs)-CE/FK复合薄膜电导率与拉伸强度
Figure 7. Conductivity and tensile strength of GR(CNTs)-CE/FKcomposite films
图 8 5%CNTs (a)、25%CNTs (b)、5%GR (c)、25%GR (d)、10%GR+1%CNTs (e)和10%GR+5%CNTs (f)薄膜的断面SEM图像
Figure 8. SEM sectional images of 5%CNTs (a), 25%CNTs (b), 5%GR (c), 25%GR (d), 10%GR+1%CNTs (e) and 10%GR+5%CNTs (f) films
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