Preparation of stretchable graphene/PDMS composite films with excellent electromagnetic performance
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摘要: 飞机、卫星等飞行器装载有多种关键电子元器件，易受强电磁场环境干扰；同时飞行器的部分结构在工作中需满足大形变、可拉伸等力学要求，因此高导电、可拉伸电磁屏蔽材料受到广泛关注。以氧化石墨烯为原料，通过流延法和高温石墨化处理制备了厚度为13.5 μm的高导电柔性石墨烯薄膜(GP-4)，其电导率和电磁屏蔽效能分别为6010 S/cm和68.4 dB。以预拉伸的波纹状聚二甲基硅烷(PDMS)为基底，制备了具有双层结构的GP-4/PDMS-50.5复合膜，轴向拉伸应变高达50.5%。当GP-4/PDMS-50.5复合膜轴向拉伸应变为50.5%及拉伸循环次数为500时，该复合膜仍能保持优异的导电性能和电磁屏蔽性能。其中，复合膜的电阻与GP-4薄膜基本一致，分别为1.04 Ω和1.06 Ω；复合膜的电磁屏蔽效能高达68.5 dB 和67.7 dB。这些优良性能表明了GP-4/PDMS-50.5复合膜在柔性电子设备的电磁屏蔽领域具有巨大应用前景。Abstract: Aircraft, satellites and other aircraft with key electronic components, are susceptible to interference from strong electromagnetic field. And some structures of aircraft need to meet mechanical requirements such as large deformation and stretchability in work. Therefore, highly conductive and stretchable electromagnetic shielding materials have attracted widespread attention. Using graphene oxide as raw material and through casting method and high-temperature graphitization treatment, a highly conductive and flexible GP-4 film with the thickness of 13.5 μm was prepared, whose electrical conductivity and electromagnetic shielding efficiency were 6010 S/cm and 68.4 dB, respectively. Using polydimethylsilane (PDMS) as the base, GP-4/PDMS-50.5 composite film with stretchable bilayer structure was prepared, whose elongation was as high as 50.5%. When the axial tensile strain of the composite film is 50.5% and the number of stretching cycles is 500, the composite film could still maintain excellent conductivity and electromagnetic shielding performance. Among them, the resistance of the composite film is 1.04 Ω and 1.06 Ω, keeping constant with the GP-4 film almost. The electromagnetic shielding efficiency of the composite film is as high as 68.5 dB and 67.7 dB. These excellent properties indicate that GP-4/PDMS-50.5 composite film has great application prospects in the electromagnetic shielding field of flexible electronic devices.
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Key words:
- graphene /
- PDMS /
- electromagnetic shielding /
- highly conductive /
- stretchable
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图 1 可拉伸石墨烯/聚二甲基硅烷(PDMS)复合膜制备示意图
Figure 1. Schematic image of preparation process of graphene films and graphene/ polydimethylsilane (PDMS) films
图 2 拉伸装置(a)和控制电机(b)
Figure 2. Optical images of stretching device (a) and control electric machine (b)
图 3 光学图片：(a)PG薄膜、(b)GP-4薄膜、(c)折叠实验后GP-4薄膜的外观图和SEM图：(d)PG截面、(e)GP-4截面、(f)GP-4表面形貌
Figure 3. Digital images of (a) PG films, (b) GP-4 films (c) GP-4 films after repeated folding and (d) SEM images of cross-section surface morphology (d) PG films, (e) GP-4 films, and (f) surface morphology of GP-4 films
图 4 GO和致密化石墨烯薄膜的XRD图(a)、XPS谱图(b)、应力-应变曲线(c)、力学性能(d)、电磁屏蔽性能(e)和在频率为10 GHz时的吸收损耗和反射损耗图(f)
Figure 4. XRD spectra (a), XPS survey spectra (b), Stress-strain curves (c) of, (d) mechanical properties, (e) EMI SEs and (f) SEref, SEabs and SEtotal at 10 GHz of graphene films of the GO and compressed graphene films
图 5 GP-4/PDMS复合膜：(a)拉伸状态的数码照片；(b)松弛状态的数码照片；(c)光学显微镜图；(d)SEM图；(e)局部SEM图，和复合膜在(f)不同拉伸应变和(g)重复拉伸次数下的导电性能和电磁屏蔽性能
Figure 5. Digital photos of GP-4/PDMS (a) with dual pre-stretched strain, (b) released status, (c) Optical microscope photos of GP-4/PDMS, (d) SEM images of GP-4/PDMS, (e) amplified SEM images of GP-4/PDMS, resistance measurement and EMI SEs of GP-4/PDMS (f) under different strains, and(g) for different cycle numbers
图 6 GP-4/PDMS-50.5复合膜：(a)拉伸状态的数码照片；(b)松弛状态的数码照片；(c)光学显微镜图；(d)SEM图，GP-4/PDMS-50.5复合膜在(e)不同拉伸应变和(f)重复拉伸次数下的导电性能和电磁屏蔽性能；(g)与文献其他材料电磁屏蔽性能的对比
Figure 6. Digital photos of GP-4/PDMS-50.5 (a) with dual pre-stretched strain, (b) released status, (c) Optical microscope photos of GP-4/PDMS-50.5, (d)SEM images of GP-4/PDMS-50.5, resistance measurement and EMI SEs of GP-4/PDMS-50.5 (e) under different strains, and (f) for different cycle numbers, (g) EMI SSE/t versus thickness in comparison to different materials in the previous literature; and t represents thickness
表 1 多孔状石墨烯薄膜及致密化石墨烯薄膜的缩写
Table 1. Abbreviated symbols for porous graphene films and compressed graphene films
Samples Porous graphene films Compressed graphene
film with one PGCompressed graphene
film with two PGCompressed graphene
film with four PGSymbol PG GP-1 GP-2 GP-4 Thickness/μm 34.7±0.3 3.5±0.4 6.9±0.3 13.8±0.7 
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