水泥基结构电池：机制、影响因素及应用

谢文剑; 高皖扬; 胡南滔

水泥基结构电池：机制、影响因素及应用

谢文剑^{1, 2},
高皖扬^{1, 2, ,},
胡南滔³

1.
上海交通大学上海市公共建筑和基础设施数字化运维重点实验室, 上海 200240
2.
海洋工程国家重点实验室, 上海 200240
3.
上海交通大学电子信息与电气工程学院, 上海 200240

基金项目: 上海市自然科学基金 (23ZR1429200)

详细信息

通讯作者:
高皖扬，博士，副教授，博士生导师，研究方向为高性能结构材料及组合结构　E-mail: wanyanggao@sjtu.edu.cn

中图分类号: TU528;TB333
计量
- 文章访问数: 104
- HTML全文浏览量: 47
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-11-28
- 修回日期: 2024-01-14
- 录用日期: 2024-01-24
- 网络出版日期: 2024-03-02

Cement-based structural batteries: mechanism, influencing factors, and application

XIE Wenjian^{1, 2},
GAO Wanyang^{1, 2
, ,},
HU Nantao³

1.
Shanghai Key Laboratory for Digital Maintenance of Buildings and Infrastructure, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
2.
State Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering, Shanghai 200240, China
3.
School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China

Funds: Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai in China (No. 23ZR1429200)

摘要

摘要: 结构储能一体化复合材料为结构与储能的融合发展提供了创新途径。将水泥基材料用作结构电解质，并与电极材料相结合，即可得到水泥基结构电池。本文系统总结了水泥基结构电池的研究进展，阐明了其导电机制和放电机制，并从电极和电解质两个主要方面厘清了影响其电化学性能的关键因素。研究表明，该电池的电压可达1.5 V以上，体积比容量可达8.45×10⁵ mA·h·m⁻³，并具备充放电的能力。凭借其结构储能一体化特性，水泥基结构电池在绿色储能建筑、智能化混凝土和能量收集混凝土等领域具有应用潜力。最后，指出了目前存在的问题及未来的研究方向。
- 水泥基复合材料 /
- 结构电池 /
- 离子导电性 /
- 电化学储能 /
- 研究综述
Abstract: Structural energy storage integrated composite materials provide an innovative approach to the integrated development of structure and energy storage. Using cement-based materials as a structural electrolyte and combining it with electrode material can produce cement-based structural batteries. This review paper provides an overview of research on cement-based structural batteries. The paper introduced the conductive and discharge mechanism and discussed the key factors that affect resistivity and discharge performance from the major aspects of electrode and electrolyte. Research indicates that cement-based structure batteries can achieve a voltage of 1.5 V and a capacity density of 8.45×10⁵ mA·h·m⁻¹, and are rechargeable. With the characteristics of integrated structural and energy storage functions, it demonstrates the potential for applications in energy storage green building, smart concrete, and energy-harvesting concrete. Finally, the paper points out current problems and future research directions.
- cement-based composites /
- structural battery /
- ionic conductivity /
- electrochemical energy storage /
- literature review

HTML全文

图 1 两种结构形式的水泥基电池

Figure 1. Two structural types of cement-based batteries

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图 2 水泥基材料的导电路径^[14]

Figure 2. Conductivity path in cement-based materials^[14]

CP—continuous points, DP—discontinuous points, CCP—continuous conductive paths, C_DP—capacitance due to DP, R_DP—resistance due to DP, R_CCP—resistance due to CCP.

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图 3 水泥基材料的Nyquist图

Figure 3. Nyquist plot of cement-based materials

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图 4 水泥基二次电池的电压和电流曲线^[10]

Figure 4. Voltage and current profiles during charge and discharge cycles of rechargeable cement-based battery^[10]

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图 5 水灰比对电池的影响^[30]

Figure 5. Effect of water-to-cement ratio on battery^[30]

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图 6 电流大小对恒流放电曲线^[41]

Figure 6. Effect of current on galvanostatic discharge profile^[41]

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图 7 水泥基结构电池的应用前景

Figure 7. Future application of cement-based battery

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表 1 水泥基结构电池现有研究进展

Table 1. A collected database of current research on cement-based concrete batteries

Ref.	Type^a	Main additive			Age/d	Dimension/mm	Performance^d
Ref.	Type^a	Anode	Cathode^b	Conductive filler^c	Age/d	Dimension/mm	$ \rho $/(Ω·cm)	$ J $/(μA·cm⁻²)	$ Q $/(mA·h·m⁻³)
[47]	P	Al	(Fe)	–	28	0.75 L	–	0.25	NA
[41]	L	Zn	MnO₂	CB	28	80×40×14	1931	1.88	62.7
[48]	L	Zn	MnO₂	AC	7	70×20×18	–	–	–
[11]	L	Zn	MnO₂	CF+CNT+CB	3	φ30×70	0.53/0.81^e	–	–
[9]	P	Al	(Cu)	NA	NA	φ66×100	–	–	–
	P	Al	(Cu)	AlS	NA	100×100×30	–	–	–
[49]	P	Al	(Cu)	CB+AlS+EpS	1	70×70×40	–	–	–
[50]	P	Al	(Cu)	CB	21	100×100×30	–	–	–
[30]	P	Al	(Cu)	–	28	70×70×30	891	70	>952
[10]	L	Fe	Ni(OH)₂	CF	7	90×90×8.75	221	–	–
Notes： ^a L—layered style, P—probe style. ^b The material in brackets is the electrode serving as the electrocatalyst. ^c CB—carbon black, AC—activated charcoal, CF—carbon fiber, CNT—carbon nanotube, AlS—Alum salt; EpS—Epsom salts. ^d $ \rho $—resistivity, $ J $—current density, $ Q $—capacity density.
^e 0.53 and 0.81 represent for the resistivity of cement-based anode and cathode, respectively.

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