三维多向编织复合材料温度效应综述：热传导、热膨胀性质和力学响应

翟军军; 王露晨; 孔祥霞

doi:10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20210419.001

三维多向编织复合材料温度效应综述：热传导、热膨胀性质和力学响应

doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20210419.001

1.
北华航天工业学院　航空宇航学院，廊坊 065000
2.
北华航天工业学院　材料工程学院，廊坊 065000

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(12002003)；河北省自然科学基金(A2019409064)；河北省高等学校科学技术研究重点项目(ZD2020131)

详细信息

通讯作者:
翟军军，博士，副教授，硕士生导师，研究方向为编织复合材料结构与力学性能　E-mail：junzhai726@nciae.edu.cn

中图分类号: TB332
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-03-01
- 录用日期: 2021-04-12
- 网络出版日期: 2021-04-19
- 刊出日期: 2021-08-15

A review on temperature effect of 3D multi-directional braided composites: Heat conduction, thermal expansion properties and mechanical response

1.
Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, North China Institute of Aerospace Engineering, Langfang 065000, China
2.
Department of Material Engineering, North China Institute of Aerospace Engineering, Langfang 065000, China

摘要

摘要: 三维编织复合材料因其结构整体性好、综合性能优异，已成为航天、航空、国防领域部分主承力构件和高功能制件的首选材料。然而，三维编织复合材料结构件在服役过程中不可避免地处于高温、低温或温度急剧变化等恶劣环境，由于三维编织复合材料增强体和基体热物理性能的巨大差异将严重威胁结构尺寸的稳定性及结构使用寿命。本文主要从实验、理论和数值仿真研究三方面，综述了近年来国内外对三维多向编织复合材料热物理性能和温度效应影响下力学性能的研究成果及研究进展。首先分析了现有研究中编织工艺、编织参数、环境温度、界面、缺陷等因素对三维多向编织复合材料热传导性能和热膨胀性能的影响规律。其次以细观结构、全尺寸、多尺度模型为主分析了不同结构几何模型的区别与联系。最后探讨了高、低温环境温度和不同载荷形式对三维多向编织复合材料组分材料损伤、失效形态及热力耦合行为的影响机制，并同时总结了现有研究工作中的重点与发展方向。
- 编织 /
- 复合材料 /
- 热传导 /
- 热膨胀 /
- 温度 /
- 力学性能
Abstract: Owing to the good structural integrity and excellent comprehensive properties, 3D braided composites have become the preferred materials for some main load-bearing components and high-function parts in aerospace, aviation and national defense fields. However, 3D braided composite structures will inevitably be exposed to harsh environments such as high temperature, low temperature or rapid temperature changes during service. Due to the great difference of thermophysical properties between reinforcement and matrix of 3D braided composite, the dimensional stability and service life of the structure will be seriously threatened. This article gives an overview of the thermophysical properties and temperature effect on the mechanical properties of 3D multi-directional braided composites both at home and abroad in recent years. The research results and progress mainly include three aspects: experiment, theory and numerical simulation. Firstly, the effects of braiding process, braiding parameters, ambient temperature, interface and defects on the thermal conductivity and thermal expansion properties of 3D braided composites were analyzed. Secondly, the differences and relations of different structural geometric models were analyzed based on the micro structure, full-scale and multi-scale models. Finally, the influence mechanism of high/low ambient temperature and different load forms on the failure mode and thermal-mechanical coupling behavior of 3D multi-directional braided composites was discussed, and the focus and development direction of existing research work were summarized.
- braiding /
- composite /
- heat conduction /
- thermal expansion /
- temperature /
- mechanical properties

HTML全文

图 1 三维四向编织碳/环氧复合材料热传导系数(CTC)随温度的变化趋势^[9]

Figure 1. Coefficients of thermal conduction (CTC) variation with temperature of 3D four-directional braided carbon/epoxy composites^[9]

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图 2 三维编织复合材料热膨胀系数随温度的变化((a), (b) 三维四向碳/环氧^[9]；(c), (d) 三维多向C_f/SiC^[12])

Figure 2. Coefficients of thermal expansion variation with temperature of 3D braided composites((a), (b) 3D four-directional carbon/epoxy^[9]; (c), (d) 3D multi-directional C_f/SiC^[12])

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图 3 三维编织复合材料内部单胞有限元模型((a)椭圆截面模型 (三维四向)^[25]；(b)圆截面模型 (三维四向)^[25]；(c)六边形截面模型 (三维四向)^[28]；(d)六边形和正方形截面模型 (三维五向)^[28])

Figure 3. Finite element model of internal cell of 3D braided composite ((a) Elliptical section model (3D four directions)^[25]; (b) Circular section model (3D four directions)^[25]; (c) Hexagon section model (3D four directions)^[28]; (d) Hexagon and square section model (3D five directions)^[28])

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图 4 三维四向编织复合材料内部、表面和角部区域^[31]

Figure 4. Interior, surface and corner regions distribution in 3D four-directional braided composites^[31] ((a) Interior regions; (b) Surface regions; (c) Corner regions)

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图 5 三维四向编织复合材料多单元模型^[32]

Figure 5. 3D four-directional braided composite multi-element model^[32] ((a) Unit cell geometry model; (b) 1/2 unit cell geometry model; (c) 1/4 unit cell geometry model; (d) 1/8 unit cell geometry model)

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图 6 三维四向编织复合材料多尺度模型^[33]

Figure 6. Multiscale model of 3D four-directional braided composites^[33]

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图 7 编织角为21°的三维五向碳/环氧编织试样在不同温度下的压缩损伤形貌^[49]

Figure 7. Compression damage morphologies of 3D five-directional braided specimens with 21° braiding angle at different temperatures^[49]

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图 8 三维四向编织复合材料在不同温度下的纵向冲击压缩行为：(a) 带有加热装置的分离式霍普金森压力杆试验系统示意图；(b) 在0.25 MPa气压下的典型损伤形态；(c)在0.37 MPa气压下的典型损伤形态；(d) 在0.60 MPa气压下的典型损伤形态^[76]

Figure 8. Longitudinal impact compressive behaviour of 3D four-directional braided composite under various temperatures: (a) Schematic sketch of the split Hopkinson pressure bar test system with a heating device; (b) Typical damage morphologies at the gas pressure of 0.25 MPa; (c) Typical damage morphologies at the gas pressure of 0.37 MPa; (d) Typical damage morphologies at the gas pressure of 0.60 MPa^[76]

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图 9 40°编织角三维四向编织试件纵截面的CT图像对应的损伤演化、绝热温升、应力分布云图^[88]

Figure 9. Tomographic sections of 40° braiding angle 3D four-directional samples and corresponding damage development, temperature evolution and stress distribution^[88]

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图 10 三维编织复合材料抗压强度比较((a) 玻璃/环氧三维四向编织复合材料室温和液氮温度下的抗压强度对比^[90]；(b) 碳/环氧三维编织复合材料纵向压缩破坏应力-破坏应变散点图^[91])

Figure 10. Comparison of compressive strength of 3D braided composites ((a) Comparison of compressive strength of 3D four directional glass/epoxy composites at room temperature and liquid nitrogen temperature^[90]; (b) Failure stress versus failure strain scatter diagram of 3D carbon/epoxy braided composites under longitudinal compression^[91])

α—Braiding angle; V_f—Fiber volume fraction

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图 11 不同低温下三维四向碳/环氧编织复合材料(编织角26°)压缩测试前后侧面SEM图像^[91]

Figure 11. Lateral surface SEM images of 3D braided four directional carbon/epoxy composite before and after compression test at different low temperatures (braiding angle 26°)^[91] ((a) Before testing; (b) 0℃; (c) −50℃; (d) −100℃)

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图 12 三维编织复合圆管在三种不同应变速率下的轴向冲击损伤形貌^[94]

Figure 12. Damage morphologies of the axial impact of 3D braided circular composite tubes under three different strain rates^[94]((a) 23℃; (b) −50℃; (c) −100℃)

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图 13 三维编织复合材料圆管纵向冲击下基体和增强体的热演化及应力-应变曲线实验与有限元分析对比(应变速率370/s)^[91]

Figure 13. Heating evolution of resin, fabric and comparison of stress-strain curves of 3D braided composite tube under longitudinal impact between experimental and FEA (strain rate 370/s)^[91]

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