基于芳纶pulp优化的碳纤维增强树脂基复合材料的抗损伤性能及残余抗压强度

程飞; 蒋宏勇

doi:10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20210122.002

基于芳纶pulp优化的碳纤维增强树脂基复合材料的抗损伤性能及残余抗压强度

doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20210122.002

程飞^1, ,,
蒋宏勇^2,

1.
西南科技大学　材料科学与工程学院，绵阳 621010
2.
湖南大学　机械与运载工程学院，长沙 410082

基金项目: 西南科技大学科研基金(20zx7141；20zx7101)

详细信息

通讯作者:
程飞，副教授，硕士生导师，研究方向为碳纤维复合材料、相变储能材料　 E-mail：feicheng@swust.edu.cn

中图分类号: TB332
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-12-03
- 录用日期: 2021-01-15
- 网络出版日期: 2021-01-22
- 刊出日期: 2021-11-01

Damage resistance and residual compressive strength of carbon fiber reinforced plastic optimized by aramid pulp

CHENG Fei^{1
, ,},
JIANG Hongyong^2
,

1.
Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
2.
Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China

摘要

摘要: 针对树脂基复合材料树脂粘接层脆性大且存在结构缺陷，易发生剥离和分层等突出问题，提出以轻质高强的芳纶pulp(AP)作为增强剂，通过模压成型制得强化的碳纤维增强树脂基复合材料(CFRP)，研究不同添加面密度对复合材料抗钻孔、钻孔-冲击二次损抗性能和损伤后的抗压强度的影响。结果表明，6 g/m²AP使复合材料直接、钻孔以及钻孔-冲击后抗压强度分别增强37.3%、41.0%和41.8%。分析认为：AP改善了树脂脆性，消除层间富树脂区域，提升层间断裂韧性，抑制了裂纹生长；同时AP以纤维桥连形式贯穿于树脂层和碳纤维层，不仅改善了树脂与碳纤维粘接界面的缺陷，也构建准Z方向的纤维排布，避免裂纹向单层界面扩展而导致结构分层，从而实现结构强化。
- 碳纤维增强树脂基复合材料 /
- 芳纶pulp /
- 非编织芳纶树脂超薄层 /
- 层间增韧 /
- 纤维桥联 /
- 抑制分层
Abstract: Aiming at the large brittleness of resin adhesive layer, structural defect of carbon fiber layer, prone to peeling and delamination, etc. the carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP) with aramid pulp (AP) toughening were prepared by compression molding via using AP with high strength and toughness as interface enhancer. The effects of AP with different interface densities on the compressive strength, impact resistance and compressive strength after damages of CFRP were studied. The compressive strengths of directly testing, testing after impact, drill and drill-impact are improved by 37.3%, 41.0% and 41.8% correspondingly for longitudinal CFRP with AP interface density of 6 g/m². AP improves brittleness of resin, eliminates interlayer resin-rich region, toughens the interlayer toughness and suppressed cracks generation. The formed AP fiber-bridging structure throughout resin layer and carbon fiber layer not only remove the bonding interface defect, but also build quasi-Z fiber distribution to achieve tightly connected structure, which prevent cracks expanding along interlayer and delamination failure, thereby to achieve structure reinforced.
- CFRP /
- AP /
- non-woven ultra-thin aramid-epoxy layer /
- interlayer toughening /
- fiber-bridging /
- delamination failure

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图 1 不同面密度的AP增强后的CFRP复合材料经过钻孔损伤后的压缩性能

Figure 1. Compressive load-displacement curves and average load of CFRP with different interface densities of AP after drilled

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图 2 不同面密度的AP增强的CFRP复合材料经过钻孔损伤后的抗压强度

Figure 2. Compressive strength of CFRP with different interface densities of AP after drilled

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 不同面密度的AP增强的CFRP复合材料试样压缩破坏后Y-Z平面内不同区域的断层图像

Figure 3. Fracture images of UD-CFRP with different interface densities of AP in Y-Z plain after compression ((a),(a1) 0 g/m²; (b),(b1) 2 g/m²; (c),(c1) 4 g/m²; (d),(d1) 6 g/m²; (e),(e1) 8 g/m²)

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图 4 两种面密度的AP增强的单向CFRP复合材料破坏后不同平面内的断层图像

Figure 4. Fracture images of UD-CFRP without AP and 6 g/m² AP in different plains after compression ((a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, a6) 0 g/m²; (b1, b2, b3, b4, b5, b6) 6 g/m² )

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图 5 不同面密度AP增强的单向CFRP(UD-CFRPs)复合材料经过钻孔-冲击二次损伤后的压缩性能

Figure 5. Compressive load-displacement curves and average load of unidirectional CFRP (UD-CFRPs) with different interface densities of AP after drill and impact

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图 6 不同面密度AP增强的单向CFRP复合材料经钻孔-冲击二次损伤后的抗压强度

Figure 6. Compressive strength of UD-CFRPs with different interface densities of AP after drill and impact

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图 7 不同面密度的AP增强的CFRP复合材料试样压缩破坏后X-Y平面内不同区域的断层图像

Figure 7. Compressive damage images of UD-CFRP with different interface densities of AP in X-Y plain after drill and impact ((a) 0 g/m²; (b) 2 g/m²; (c) 4 g/m²; (d) 6 g/m²; (e) 8 g/m²)

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图 8 不同面密度的AP增强的CFRP复合材料试样压缩破坏后Y-Z平面内不同区域的断层图像

Figure 8. Compressive damage images of UD-CFRP with different interface densities of AP in Y-Z plain after drill and impact ((a) 0 g/m²; (b) 2 g/m²; (c) 4 g/m²; (d) 6 g/m²; (e) 8 g/m²)

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图 9 AP增强的CFRP复合材料的增强原理示意图

Figure 9. Toughening mechanism schematic of UD-CFRP with different interface densities of AP.

SAFE—Short aramid fiber and epoxy mixtures

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表 1 不同面密度的AP增强的单向碳纤维增强树脂基复合材料(CFRP)所设置的实验相关参数

Table 1. Relevant experiment data of carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP) with different interface densities of AP

Sample	AP/ wt%	AP-epoxy/ g	Epoxy in AP-epoxy/g	Hardener/ g	AP-epoxy layer /plies	CF fabric/ plies	AP interface density/(g·m⁻²)
CF/EP	0	0	12.500	2.500	9	10	0
2AP-CF/EP	1	12.5	12.375	2.475	9	10	2
4AP-CF/EP	2	12.5	12.250	2.450	9	10	4
6AP-CF/EP	3	12.5	12.125	2.425	9	10	6
8AP-CF/EP	4	12.5	12.000	2.400	9	10	8

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表 2 不同面密度的AP增强的CFRP复合材料经过钻孔损伤后的压缩强度性能

Table 2. Compressive strength of CFRP with different interface densities of AP after drilled

Sample	Compression test without drilling		Compression test after drilling				Reduction to undrilled compression test
Sample	Compressive strength/ MPa	Standard deviation/ MPa	P_max/ N	Standard deviation/ N	Compressive strength/ MPa	Standard deviation/ MPa	Compressive strength/ MPa	Decrease / %
CF/EP	198.63	22.53	8 769.11	563.04	159.09	11.43	39.54	19.9
2AP-CF/EP	215.21	24.71	10 472.70	1 040.72	181.24	13.92	33.97	15.8
4AP-CF/EP	258.93	28.65	11 970.00	411.94	215.87	21.83	43.06	16.6
6AP-CF/EP	272.85	26.43	12 984.25	778.25	224.37	18.65	48.48	17.8
8AP-CF/EP	233.33	28.31	10 900.30	1 177.07	188.70	15.18	44.63	19.1
Note: P_max—Maximum load.

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表 3 不同面密度的AP增强的CFRP复合材料经过钻孔-冲击损伤后的压缩强度性能

Table 3. Compressive strength of CFRP with different interface densities of AP after drilled and impact

Sample	P_max/N	Standard deviation/N	Compressive strength/MPa	Standard deviation/MPa	Reduction to drilled strength/MPa	Decrease/%
CF/EP	7 238.36	1 216.09	132.04	29.21	27.05	17.0
2AP-CF/EP	9 767.84	541.15	168.86	16.27	12.38	6.8
4AP-CF/EP	10 222.60	1 164.90	179.43	31.28	36.44	16.9
6AP-CF/EP	11 258.01	562.54	187.17	16.19	37.20	16.6
8AP-CF/EP	9 937.03	716.39	160.52	21.44	28.18	14.9

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