Effect of polybutylene succinate on properties of polylactic acid-based wood-plastic composites
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摘要: 为解决聚乳酸(PLA)基木塑复合材料制备成本高、韧性和耐热性差等问题，以可降解树脂聚丁二酸丁二醇酯(PBS)作为改性树脂，与沙柳木粉(WF)和PLA共混复合，通过模压法制备环境友好型PBS-WF/PLA三元可降解木塑复合材料。研究结果表明：PBS的加入，可使复合材料的韧性、耐热性及热稳定性提高，但强度和刚度下降。当PBS加入量为树脂总量的50wt%时，PBS-WF/PLA复合材料的综合性能相对较佳，与WF/PLA相比，生产成本降低约20%，PBS-WF/PLA的静曲强度、弹性模量和拉伸强度的保持率分别为86.5%、63.8%和73.1%，冲击强度提高40.1%，维卡软化温度、热变形温度和第二阶段热分解起始温度分别升高37.1℃、53.7℃和4.1℃。Abstract: In order to solve the problems of high preparation cost, poor toughness and heat resistance of polylactic acid (PLA)-based wood-plastic composites, biodegradable resin polybutylene succinate (PBS) was used as a modified resin, which was blended with Salix powder (WF) and PLA to prepare environmentally friendly PBS-WF/PLA ternary degradable wood-plastic composites by compression molding. The results show that the addition of PBS can improve the toughness, heat resistance and thermal stability of the composites, but the strength and stiffness decrease. When the addition amount of PBS is 50wt% of the total resin, the comprehensive properties of PBS-WF/PLA composites are relatively better. Compared with WF/PLA, the production cost is reduced by about 20%. The retention rates of static bending strength, elastic modulus and tensile strength of PBS-WF/PLA are 86.5%, 63.8% and 73.1%, respectively. The impact strength is increased by 40.1%, and the Vicat softening temperature, thermal deformation temperature and the initial temperature of the second stage of thermal decomposition are increased by 37.1℃, 53.7℃ and 4.1℃, respectively.
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图 2 PBS加入量对PBS-WF/PLA复合材料力学性能的影响
Figure 2. Effect of PBS content on mechanical properties of PBS-WF/PLA composites
图 3 PBS加入量对PBS-WF/PLA复合材料的储能模量和损耗模量的影响
Figure 3. Effect of PBS content on storage modulus and loss modulus of PBS-WF/PLA composites
图 4 PBS加入量对PBS-WF/PLA复合材料维卡软化温度和热变形温度的影响
Figure 4. Effect of PBS content on Vicat softening temperature and thermal deformation temperature of PBS-WF/PLA composites
图 5 不同PBS加入量PBS-WF/PLA复合材料的TG曲线
Figure 5. TG curves of PBS-WF/PLA composites with different PBS contents
图 6 纯PLA、纯PBS和不同PBS加入量下PBS-WF/PLA样品的冲击断面微观形貌
Figure 6. Microstructure of impact fracture surface of pure PLA, pure PBS and PBS-WF/PLA samples with different PBS additions
表 1 聚丁二酸丁二醇酯(PBS)-沙柳木粉(WF)/聚乳酸(PLA)复合材料配方
Table 1. Formula of polybutylene succinate (PBS)-Salix powder (WF)/polylactic acid (PLA) composites
Sample PBS/
wt%PLA/
wt%WF/
wt%KH-550/
wt%Stearic
acid/wt%PBS-WF/PLA 0 100 50 3 0.6 10 90 50 3 0.6 20 80 50 3 0.6 30 70 50 3 0.6 40 60 50 3 0.6 50 50 50 3 0.6 100 0 50 3 0.6 Note: KH-550—γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane. 
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表 2 PBS加入量对PBS-WF/PLA复合材料的损耗模量特征值的影响
Table 2. Effect of PBS content on the loss modulus of PBS-WF/PLA composites
PBS/wt% Maximum internal friction/MPa Internal friction peak temperature/℃ 0 897.6 60.6 10 721.7 60.1 20 572.8 60.0 30 474.7 59.6 40 407.8 59.5 50 332.0 59.4 100 — —
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表 3 PBS-WF/PLA复合材料的TG曲线特征值
Table 3. Characteristic value of TG curve of PBS-WF/PLA composites
PBS/
wt%Initial temperature
of the second stage of
mass loss/℃Mass loss
termination
temperature/℃Total mass
loss rate/%0 320.0 366.8 86.3 10 320.9 367.9 87.9 20 321.8 369.1 87.4 30 322.5 372.3 87.0 40 322.9 380.0 86.7 50 324.1 388.5 86.6 100 346.2 406.0 90.7
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