Experimental study on mechanical properties of fly ash cenospheres-desert sand ceramsite concrete
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摘要: 以沙漠砂(DS)和粉煤灰微珠(FAC)部分代替河砂，并掺入聚合物乳液(PL)制备新型陶粒混凝土—粉煤灰微珠-沙漠砂陶粒混凝土(FDCC)。通过单因素变量研究DS替代率、FAC替代率和PL掺量对FDCC工作性能及力学性能影响规律，并建立了FDCC抗压强度预测模型。研究结果表明：DS和FAC可部分替代河砂用于制备轻骨料混凝土。FDCC表观密度与抗压强度呈线性关系，坍落度随DS替代率的增加而降低，随FAC替代率和PL掺量的增加而增加。FDCC抗压强度随DS替代率增加先上升后下降，随FAC替代率增加先下降后上升。DS、FAC最优替代率及PL最优掺量分别为20vol%、30vol%和1wt%。FDCC劈裂抗拉强度随DS替代率、FAC替代率和PL掺量增加而降低。DS和FAC的掺入能促进水化产物生成，对FDCC混凝土微观结构有利。Abstract: A new ceramsite concrete, fly ash cenosphere-desert sand ceramsite concrete (FDCC), was prepared using desert sand (DS) and fly ash cenosphere (FAC) as a partial replacement for river sand and mixed with polymer (PL). The effects of the DS replacement rate, FAC replacement rate and PL admixture on the workability and mechanical properties of the FDCC were investigated by means of univariate variables, and prediction models for compressive strength and splitting tensile strength of the FDCC were established. The results show that the DS and FAC can partly replace river sand to prepare the lightweight aggregate concrete. The apparent density of the FDCC is linearly related to the compressive strength, the slump decreases with the DS replacement rate increasing and increases with the FAC replacement rate and the PL admixture increasing. The compressive strength of the FDCC increases and then decreases with the DS replacement rate increasing, and decreases then increases with the FAC replacement rate increasing. The optimal DS and FAC replacement rates and the optimal PL admixture are 20vol%, 30vol% and 1wt%, respectively. The splitting tensile strength of the FDCC decreases with the DS and FAC replacement rates and PL admixture increasing. The incorporation of the DS and FAC promotes the formation of hydration products and is beneficial to the microstructure of FDCC concrete.
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Key words:
- desert sand /
- fly ash cenosphere /
- polymer /
- ceramsite concrete /
- mechanical properties
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图 3 细集料粒径分布曲线
Figure 3. Fine aggregate particle size distribution curves
Area I, area II and area III represent over fine, normal and over coarse sand area, respectively; F1D2 represents mixed sand with FAC replacement 10vol% and DS replacement 20vol%
图 4 FDCC表观密度与28天抗压强度关系图
Figure 4. Apparent density of FDCC related to 28 days compressive strength
R2—Coefficient of determination
图 6 DS替代率与FDCC抗压强度的关系
Figure 6. Relationship between DS replacement rate and FDCC compressive strength
图 7 FAC替代率与FDCC抗压强度的关系
Figure 7. Relationship between FAC replacement rate and FDCC compressive strength
图 8 PL掺量与FDCC抗压强度的关系
Figure 8. Relationship between PL dosing and FDCC compressive strength
图 9 各因素与FDCC劈裂抗拉强度的关系
Figure 9. Relationship between factors and FDCC splitting tensile strength
图 12 FDCC混凝土强度预测值与实际值对比
Figure 12. Comparison of predicted and actual values of FDCC concrete strength
fcu—28 days compressive strength of concrete; fts—28 days splitting tensile strength of concrete
图 13 不同DS替代率下FDCC的SEM图像
Figure 13. SEM images of FDCC at different DS replacement rates
C-S-H—Hydrate calcium silicate; CH—Calcium hydroxide; AFt—Ettringite
图 14 FDCC细集料的界面SEM图像
Figure 14. SEM images of the fine aggregate interface of FDCC
ITZ—Aggregate transition interface
图 15 不同DS替代率下FDCC的XRD图谱
Figure 15. XRD patterns of FDCC at different DS replacement rates
LWAC—Lightweight aggregate concrete
表 1 粉煤灰微珠(FAC)主要化学成分
Table 1. Main chemical composition of fly ash cenosphere (FAC)
Composition SiO2/wt% Al2O3/wt% CaO/wt% Fe2O3/wt% MgO/wt% K2O/wt% Na2O/wt% TiO2/wt% Fly ash cenosphere 59.44 23.30 2.31 5.49 1.37 2.85 1.49 0.96 
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表 2 DS、FAC和聚合物乳液(PL)配合比
Table 2. Mixing ratio of DS, FAC and polymer (PL)
Specimen
numberFAC/vol% DS/vol% PL/wt% Amount of material/(kg·m−3) Water Cement Caramsite Fly ash River sand FAC DS PL FDCC-1 — — — 136.85 368 472.36 92 646.11 — — — FDCC-2 10 10 0.5 516.88 10.92 73.48 3.83 FDCC-3 1 516.88 10.92 73.48 7.67 FDCC-4 1.5 516.88 10.92 73.48 11.50 FDCC-5 20 0.5 452.27 10.92 146.87 3.83 FDCC-6 1 452.27 10.92 146.87 7.67 FDCC-7 1.5 452.27 10.92 146.87 11.50 FDCC-8 30 0.5 387.66 10.92 220.30 3.83 FDCC-9 1 387.66 10.92 220.30 7.67 FDCC-10 1.5 387.66 10.92 220.30 11.50 FDCC-11 20 10 0.5 452.27 21.84 73.48 3.83 FDCC-12 1 452.27 21.84 73.48 7.67 FDCC-13 1.5 452.27 21.84 73.48 11.50 FDCC-14 20 0.5 387.66 21.84 146.87 3.83 FDCC-15 1 387.66 21.84 146.87 7.67 FDCC-16 1.5 387.66 21.84 146.87 11.50 FDCC-17 30 0.5 323.05 21.84 220.30 3.83 FDCC-18 1 323.05 21.84 220.30 7.67 FDCC-19 1.5 323.05 21.84 220.30 11.50 FDCC-20 30 10 0.5 387.66 32.76 73.48 3.83 FDCC-21 1 387.66 32.76 73.48 7.67 FDCC-22 1.5 387.66 32.76 73.48 11.50 FDCC-23 20 0.5 323.05 32.76 146.87 3.83 FDCC-24 1 323.05 32.76 146.87 7.67 FDCC-25 1.5 323.05 32.76 146.87 11.50 FDCC-26 30 0.5 258.44 32.76 220.30 3.83 FDCC-27 1 258.44 32.76 220.30 7.67 FDCC-28 1.5 258.44 32.76 220.30 11.50 Note: FDCC—Fly ash cenosphere-desert sand ceramsite concrete.
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表 3 粉煤灰微珠-沙漠砂陶粒混凝土(FDCC)力学性能试验结果
Table 3. Mechanical property test results of flyash cenosphere-desert sand ceramsite concrete (FDCC)
Group
numberApparent
density/
(kg·m−3)Compressive strength/MPa Splitting tensile strength/
MPaSlump/
mmGroup number Apparent density/
(kg·m−3)Compressive strength/MPa Splitting tensile strength/
MPaSlump/
mm7 d 28 d 7 d 28 d FDCC-1 1730.81 24.18 30.75 2.89 81 FDCC-15 1722.54 21.35 27.56 1.89 63 FDCC-2 1731.20 22.15 27.62 2.68 81 FDCC-16 1704.09 20.88 26.57 1.75 55 FDCC-3 1740.23 21.15 26.69 2.31 72 FDCC-17 1705.20 21.75 26.49 2.12 69 FDCC-4 1742.23 20.37 26.67 2.26 66 FDCC-18 1710.48 20.63 25.01 1.81 53 FDCC-5 1746.73 23.30 28.92 2.86 67 FDCC-19 1703.32 19.56 23.36 1.34 44 FDCC-6 1743.63 22.34 28.28 2.66 51 FDCC-20 1690.50 26.99 32.77 2.36 109 FDCC-7 1744.43 22.15 27.87 2.59 44 FDCC-21 1683.22 25.55 31.49 1.89 101 FDCC-8 1748.77 22.58 24.81 2.61 43 FDCC-22 1699.60 25.49 29.88 1.55 93 FDCC-9 1759.60 21.35 25.84 2.57 39 FDCC-23 1714.03 28.23 32.14 2.14 88 FDCC-10 1765.27 19.53 25.35 2.51 31 FDCC-24 1727.45 27.00 34.22 1.72 79 FDCC-11 1728.10 21.05 27.74 2.51 93 FDCC-25 1716.12 25.67 30.95 1.41 71 FDCC-12 1700.08 19.81 27.86 2.05 79 FDCC-26 1732.33 27.14 29.04 2.06 70 FDCC-13 1713.27 19.61 24.58 1.98 71 FDCC-27 1724.02 25.62 29.60 1.68 59 FDCC-14 1737.79 22.71 27.97 2.43 79 FDCC-28 1722.37 26.39 29.74 1.34 47
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表 4 混凝土抗压强度预测模型验证
Table 4. Verification of concrete compressive strength prediction model
Data source Test value/
MPaModel test
value/MPaDifferences Relative
error/%Concrete
typesReplacement
aggregates[24]-working condition 2 31.5 28.4 3.1 9.8 Ceramsite concrete Desert sand [24]-working condition 3 34.4 28.6 5.8 16.8 Ceramsite concrete Desert sand [24]-working condition 5 26.6 29.5 −2.9 −10.9 Ceramsite concrete Desert sand [25]-working condition RLC10 43.3 26.2 17.1 39.5 Ceramsite concrete Rubber [25]-working condition RLC20 39.4 25.3 14.1 35.7 Ceramsite concrete Rubber [25]-working condition RLC30 33.8 24.4 9.4 27.8 Ceramsite concrete Rubber Note: RLC10—Rubber lightweight aggregate concrete 10.
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表 5 FDCC的经济性分析
Table 5. Economic analysis of FDCC
Group
numberPrice/
(CNY·m−3)Price
differential/%Price (none PL)/
(CNY·m−3)Price
differential/%FDCC-1 420.45 — 420.45 — FDCC-2 427.55 2 414.91 −1 FDCC-28 431.62 3 393.67 −5
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