横向和纵向荷载下石墨烯/Al层状梁的弯曲特性

程超; 颜建伟; 朱兆铭; 谭鑫

doi:10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20230330.004

横向和纵向荷载下石墨烯/Al层状梁的弯曲特性

doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20230330.004

程超^{1, 2,},
颜建伟^{1, 2, 3, ,},
朱兆铭^{1, 2},
谭鑫^{1, 2}

1.
华东交通大学　土木建筑学院，南昌 330013
2.
华东交通大学　轨道交通基础设施性能监测与保障国家重点实验室，南昌 330013
3.
北京工业大学　机械工程与应用电子技术学院机械结构非线性振动与强度北京市重点实验室，北京 100022

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(12072112)；中国博士后科学基金(2021M700306)；江西省杰出青年科学基金(20202ACBL214014)

详细信息

通讯作者:
颜建伟，博士，教授，博士生导师，研究方向为纳系统非线性动力学　E-mail: jianwei@mail.ustc.edu.cn

中图分类号: TB331
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-02-08
- 修回日期: 2023-03-18
- 录用日期: 2023-03-25
- 网络出版日期: 2023-03-31
- 刊出日期: 2023-12-01

Bending properties of graphene/Al layered beams under transverse and longitudinal loads

CHENG Chao^{1, 2
,},
YAN Jianwei^{1, 2, 3
, ,},
ZHU Zhaoming^{1, 2},
TAN Xin^{1, 2}

1.
School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, China
2.
State Key Laboratory of Performance Monitoring and Protecting of Rail Transit Infrastructure, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, China
3.
Beijing Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Vibration and Strength of Mechanical Structures, College of Mechanical Engineering and Applied Electronics Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100022, China

Funds: National Natural Science Foundation of China (12072112); China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2021M700306); Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province (20202ACBL214014)

摘要

摘要: 采用分子动力学(MD)方法模拟了石墨烯(GNs)/Al层状梁在横向荷载和纵向压缩下的弯曲变形，探究了层状梁弯曲特性的影响因素。从横向荷载下的弯曲结果可见，由于层间作用的影响，层状梁的弯曲刚度随着GNs层数的增加而不断降低。GNs/Al层状梁的弯曲机制并非由GNs和Al组分特性的简单相加，这使经典连续力学难以适用于高各向异性的层状材料中。在单轴纵向压缩中，GNs使细长的层状梁在塑性变形前更易发生屈曲行为。发生屈曲的临界应力σ_cr和临界应变ε_cr主要受层状梁中重复层厚度的影响，尤其在重复层厚度不足2 nm时，σ_cr和ε_cr急剧降低。屈曲后的弯曲变形中，位错形核的拉-压不对称性使原子缺陷仅从受压缩的地方产生。随着GNs层数的增加，重复层间距离降低，层状梁的柔韧性随之增加。
- 石墨烯/Al层状梁 /
- 分子动力学 /
- 弯曲变形 /
- 弯曲刚度 /
- 屈曲
Abstract: Molecular dynamics (MD) method was used to simulate the bending deformation of graphene (GNs)/Al layered beams under transverse load and longitudinal compression, and the influencing factors of the bending characteristics of the laminated beams were investigated. It can be seen from the bending results under transverse load that the bending stiffness of the layered beam decreases with the increase of the number of GNs layers due to the effect of interlayer action. The bending mechanism of GNs/Al layered beams is not simply the addition of GNs and Al component properties, which makes it difficult to apply classical continuum mechanics to high anisotropy layered materials. In uniaxial longitudinal compression, GNs makes the slender beam more prone to buckling before plastic deformation. The critical stress (σ_cr) and critical strain (ε_cr) of buckling are mainly affected by the thickness of the repeating layer in the layered beam, especially when the thickness of the repeating layer is less than 2 nm, the σ_cr and ε_cr decrease sharply. In flexural deformation after buckling, the tension-pressure asymmetry of dislocation nucleation causes atomic defects to occur only from the compressed place. As the number of GNs increases and the distance between repeated layers decreases, the flexibility of the layered beam increases.
- graphene/Al layered beam /
- molecular dynamics /
- bending deformation /
- bending stiffness /
- buckling

HTML全文

图 1 石墨烯(GNs)/Al层状梁模型

Figure 1. Model of graphene (GNs)/Al layered beam

Gray atom is fixed atom in c-f and c-c; the two atoms before and after the two ends are fixed respectively in s-s; L—Length of GNs/Al layered beam; P—Concentrated load

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图 2 3种GNs/Al层状梁模型的小变形

Figure 2. Small deformation of three GNs/Al layered beam models

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图 3 GNs/Al层状梁模型中的原子应力分布

Figure 3. Atomic stress distribution in GNs/Al layered beam models

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图 4 悬臂梁的计算模型

Figure 4. Calculation model of cantilever beam

N_x, N_y and N_z—Number of atomic layers in x, y and z direction; d₀—Distance between adjacent atomic layers; a₀—Lattice constant of single crystal Al; q—Uniform distributed load; b—Width of GNs/Al layered beam; h—Height of GNs/Al layered beam ; η—Length ratio of the no-load area

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图 5 纯Al梁横截面上原子的应力和位移云图

Figure 5. Stress and displacement nephogram of atoms in cross section of pure Al beam

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图 6 纯Al梁的弯曲刚度

Figure 6. Bending stiffness of pure Al beam

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图 7 纵向压缩下GNs/Al层状梁的应力-应变曲线

Figure 7. Stress-strain curves of the GNs/Al layered beam under longitudinal compression

σ_cr—Critical stress; ε_cr—Critical strain; HCP—Close-packed hexagonal structure

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图 8 GNs层的波浪状褶皱

Figure 8. Wavy folds of the GNs layers

t—Layer thickness

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图 9 纯Al梁的变形

Figure 9. Deformation of pure Al beam

ε—Strain

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图 10 GNs/Al层状梁的结构演化

Figure 10. Structural evolution of GNs/Al layered beam

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图 11 多层GNs的GNs/Al层状梁的弯曲

Figure 11. Bending of GNs/Al layered beam with multilayer GNs

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表 1 纯Al梁的横截面尺寸与相应的弯曲刚度

Table 1. Cross-section size and corresponding bending stiffness of pure Al beam

N_x=N_y		9	11	13	15	17	19	21
γ /%	L₁	45.30	37.21	31.61	27.51	24.37	21.89	19.88
	L₂	45.18	37.09	31.49	27.38	24.25	21.77	19.76
	L₃	45.09	37.01	31.40	27.30	24.16	21.68	19.67
	L₄	45.02	36.93	31.33	27.23	24.09	21.61	19.61
w /nm	L₁	0.318	0.237	0.183	0.146	0.119	0.098	0.083
	L₂	0.337	0.251	0.194	0.154	0.126	0.104	0.087
	L₃	0.354	0.264	0.204	0.162	0.132	0.109	0.092
	L₄	0.370	0.275	0.213	0.169	0.137	0.114	0.095
E_B /10⁻²³ N·m²	L₁	3.245	4.354	5.625	7.065	8.677	10.468	12.447
	L₂	4.918	6.599	8.529	10.718	13.239	15.910	18.935
	L₃	7.043	9.453	12.223	15.370	18.909	22.856	27.225
	L₄	9.662	12.972	16.784	21.119	26.007	31.454	37.511
Notes: γ—Ratio of the number of atoms on the outermost surface of the model to the total number of atoms in the model; w—Deflection; E_B—Bending stiffness.

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