高温对基于研发胶黏剂的CFRP板-钢板搭接界面力学性能的影响

李游; 李洪仪; 马小琬; 李传习; 李兆超; 郑辉; 宾佳

doi:10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20230228.002

高温对基于研发胶黏剂的CFRP板-钢板搭接界面力学性能的影响

doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20230228.002

1.
湖南工业大学　土木工程学院，株洲 412007
2.
长沙理工大学　桥梁与建筑绿色建造及维护湖南省重点实验室，长沙 410114

基金项目: 湖南省自然科学基金(2021JJ40173；2021JJ40171)；湖南省教育厅优秀青年项目(22B0589)

详细信息

通讯作者:
李游，博士，副教授，硕士生导师，研究方向为土木高性能材料与结构　E-mail: liyou_2@163.com

中图分类号: TB332
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-12-23
- 修回日期: 2023-02-02
- 录用日期: 2023-03-02
- 网络出版日期: 2023-03-02
- 刊出日期: 2023-12-01

Effect of high temperature on mechanical properties of CFRP plate-steel plate lapping interface based on developed adhesive

1.
School of Civil Engineering, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, China
2.
Key Laboratory of Green Construction and Maintenance of Bridges and Buildings of Hu’nan Province, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China

Funds: Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province (2021JJ40173; 2021JJ40171); Hunan Provincial Education Department Excellent Youth Project (22B0589)

摘要

摘要: 针对夏季钢桥面温度高达60℃左右，而温度对碳纤维增强复合材料(CFRP)加固钢结构黏结界面力学性能影响显著的现象。基于研制的高性能胶黏剂GY34，制作了21个胶黏剂拉伸试件、15个CFRP板-钢板双搭接试件，进行了不同温度下的准静态拉伸试验、剪切拉伸试验，揭示了高温(≤90℃)对胶黏剂力学性能及CFRP板-钢板搭接界面力学性能的影响规律，建立了考虑温度影响的搭接界面极限承载力预测模型，得到了黏结-滑移关系模型随温度的变化趋势。研究结果表明：随温度的升高，胶黏剂GY34拉伸强度及弹性模量逐渐降低；断裂伸长率及应变能先增大后减小，在温度接近胶黏剂的玻璃化转变温度T_g,S时达到峰值。随温度升高，基于研制胶黏剂的CFRP-钢搭接试件的极限承载力先增大后减小，破坏模式由CFRP板层离逐渐过渡为钢-胶层界面破坏。小于胶黏剂玻璃化转变温度T_g,S的高温下，荷载-位移曲线具有明显的延性发展阶段。随温度升高搭接试件的应变分布更加均匀，剪应力传递范围及有效黏结长度显著增加。基于研制胶黏剂的搭接试件的黏结-滑移关系的形状在不同温度下均为三线性梯形。高温环境不会改变黏结-滑移关系模型的形状，会导致界面剪应力峰值及刚度逐渐降低，相对滑移与界面断裂能先增加后减小。
- 纳米SiO₂环氧胶黏剂 /
- CFRP-钢搭接接头 /
- 破坏模式 /
- 黏结-滑移关系 /
- 抗剪承载力
Abstract: According to the phenomenon that the temperature of the steel bridge deck reached about 60℃ in summer, and significantly affect the mechanical properties of the bonding interface of carbon fiber reinforced composite (CFRP)-reinforced steel structure, a total of 21 adhesive tensile test pieces and 15 CFRP plate-steel double-lap joints were fabricated, and quasi-static tensile tests and shear tests at different ambient temperatures were performed, based on developed high-performance adhesive GY34. The influence of high temperature (≤90℃) on the mechanical properties of adhesive and the mechanical properties of bonded CFRP plate-steel lap joints was obtained. A prediction model for the bearing capacity of the lap joint interface considering the effect of tempera-ture was established, and the trend of the bond-slip relationship model with the increasing of the temperature was obtained. The results show that the tensile strength and elastic modulus of the adhesive GY34 gradually decreases, and the elongation at break and the strain energy first increase and then decrease with the increasing of tempera-ture, and reaching a peak when the temperature is close to the glass transition temperature T_g,S of the adhesive. With the increase of temperature, the bearing capacity of CFRP-steel lap joints based on the developed adhesive first increases and then decreases, and the failure mode gradually transits from CFRP plate delamination to steel adhesive interface failure. The load-displacement curve has a significant ductile development stage at high tempera-ture below the T_g,S of the adhesive. With the increase of temperature, the strain distribution of lap joints becomes more uniform, and the shear stress transfer range and the effective bonding length increase significantly. The shapes of bond-slip relationship model of lap joints based on the developed adhesives are trilinear trapezoids at different temperatures. The shape of the bond-slip relationship model remains constant at high temperature, but the maximum shear stress and stiffness gradually decrease, and the relative slip and interface fracture energy first increase and then decrease with the increasing of temperature.
- nano-SiO₂ epoxy adhesive /
- CFRP-steel lap joint /
- failure mode /
- bond-slip relationship /
- shear capacity

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图 1 固化剂的化学结构式

Figure 1. Chemical structure of curing agent

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图 2 胶黏剂拉伸试样的尺寸

Figure 2. Dimensions of adhesive tensile test specimen

R—Radius

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图 3 CFRP-钢双搭接接头的尺寸及应变片布置示意图

Figure 3. Dimensions of CFRP-steel double-lap joints and the arrangement of strain gauges

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图 4 胶黏剂动态热力学试验

Figure 4. Dynamic thermodynamic test of adhesive

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图 5 胶黏剂试样拉伸试验

Figure 5. Tensile test of the adhesive sample

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图 6 CFRP-钢双搭接接头拉伸试验

Figure 6. Tensile test of CFRP-steel double lap joint

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图 7 胶黏剂GY34的动态热力学分析曲线

Figure 7. Dynamic thermodynamic analysis curve of adhesive GY34

T_g,S, T_g,L, T_g,T—Glass transition temperature of storage modulus, loss modulus, loss tangent

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图 8 GY34胶黏剂试样在不同温度下的拉伸应力-应变曲线

Figure 8. Tensile stress-strain curves of GY34 adhesive samples at different temperatures

Specimen number GY34-90-25: GY34—Type of adhesive; “90”—Curing temperature of specimen; “0”—Service temperature of specimen

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图 9 胶黏剂GY34在不同温度下的力学性能指标

Figure 9. Mechanical properties of adhesive GY34 at different temperatures

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图 10 CFRP-钢界面破坏模式

Figure 10. Failure mode of CFRP-steel interface

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图 11 CFRP-钢双搭接试件荷载-位移曲线

Figure 11. Load-displacement curves of CFRP-steel double-lap joint

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图 12 温度对CFRP-钢双搭接试件承载力影响

Figure 12. Effect of temperature on bearing capacity of CFRP-steel double-lap joints

P_max(T)—Ultimate bearing capacity of lap joint at T temperature

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图 13 CFRP表面应变分布

Figure 13. Strain distribution on CFRP surface

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图 14 CFRP-钢界面剪应力分布

Figure 14. Shear stress distribution at CFRP-steel interface

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图 15 CFRP-钢界面黏结-滑移曲线

Figure 15. Bond-slip curve of CFRP-steel interface

τ—Shear stress; τ_f—Maximum shear stress; δ₁—Maximum elastic slip; δ₂—Maximum plastic slip; δ_f—limit of slip; δ—Slip

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图 16 CFRP-钢界面的黏结-滑移关系简化模型

Figure 16. Bond-slip simplified model of CFRP-steel interface

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表 1 研制胶黏剂的配方

Table 1. Formulas for developing adhesives

Name	Type and amount of curing agent/g	Epoxy resin/g	Nano-SiO₂/g
GY34	Amine 105(11.67)+ D230(23.33)	120	0.6

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表 2 碳纤维增强复合材料(CFRP)板及钢板材料参数

Table 2. Material properties of carbon fiber reinforced composite (CFRP) plate and steel plate

Parameter of material	CFRP 2.0 laminate	Steel plate
Thickness/mm	2.0	12
Width/mm	50	50
Tensile strength/MPa	2433	514
Elasticity modulus/GPa	162.8	206
Elongation at break/%	1.62	–

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表 3 CFRP-钢双搭接接头拉伸试验结果

Table 3. Tensile test results of CFRP-steel double lap joints

Number of specimen	Limit displacement/mm		Ultimate load/kN		Average bond strength/MPa		Failure mode
Number of specimen	$ {D}_{\mathrm{m}\mathrm{a}\mathrm{x}} $	Average	$ {P}_{\mathrm{m}\mathrm{a}\mathrm{x}} $	Average	$ {\stackrel{-}{p}}_{\mathrm{m}\mathrm{a}\mathrm{x}} $	Average	Failure mode
GY34-2.0-90-25-1	4.42		204.20		10.21		d
GY34-2.0-90-25-2	4.69	4.01	208.99	205.10	10.45	10.26	d
GY34-2.0-90-25-3	4.11		202.11		10.11		d
GY34-2.0-90-55-1	7.62		231.51		11.58		d
GY34-2.0-90-55-2	7.65	7.61	226.80	228.48	11.81	11.63	d
GY34-2.0-90-55-3	7.55		227.13		11.51		d
GY34-2.0-90-70-1	6.71		225.40		11.27		d/b
GY34-2.0-90-70-2	7.46	7.06	232.59	229.15	11.63	11.46	d/b
GY34-2.0-90-70-3	7.02		229.46		11.47		d/b
GY34-2.0-90-80-1	5.20		199.48		9.97		b/a
GY34-2.0-90-80-2	5.24	5.18	202.15	199.14	10.11	9.96	b/a
GY34-2.0-90-80-3	5.11		195.79		9.79		b
GY34-2.0-90-90-1	2.86		110.27		5.51		b
GY34-2.0-90-90-2	2.56	2.70	100.31	106.37	5.02	5.32	b
GY34-2.0-90-90-3	2.67		108.54		5.43		b
Notes: Specimen number GY34-2.0-90-25-1: GY34 stands for the type of adhesive, “2.0” indicates the thickness of CFRP plate, “90” indicates the curing temperature of specimen, “25” indicates the service temperature of the specimen, “1” indicates the serial number of specimens in each group; D_max—Limit displacement. It represents variation of the distance between A1 and B1 points when specimens failed, as shown in Fig.3; P_max—Ultimate load; $ {\stackrel{-}{p}}_{\mathrm{m}\mathrm{a}\mathrm{x}} $—Average bond strength; Failure mode: a—CFRP and adhesive debonding failure; b—Steel and adhesive debonding failure; d—CFRP delamination.

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表 4 CFRP-钢界面黏结-滑移简化模型相关参数

Table 4. Relevant parameters of bond-slip simplified model of CFRP-steel interface

Name	$ {\tau }_{\mathrm{f}} $/MPa	$ {\delta }_{1} $/mm	$ {\delta }_{2} $/mm	$ {\delta }_{\mathrm{f}} $/mm	$ {K}_{\mathrm{E}} $/(MPa·mm⁻¹)	$ {K}_{\mathrm{S}} $/(MPa·mm⁻¹)	$ {G}_{\mathrm{f}} $/(MPa·mm)
GY34-2.0-90-25	24.58	0.211	0.401	0.518	116.49	210.09	8.701
GY34-2.0-90-55	19.06	0.202	0.549	0.641	94.36	207.17	9.416
GY34-2.0-90-70	16.36	0.178	0.621	0.758	91.91	119.42	9.824
GY34-2.0-90-80	12.16	0.141	0.507	0.613	86.24	114.72	5.952
GY34-2.0-90-90	3.63	0.086	0.185	0.230	42.21	80.67	0.597
Notes: τ_f—Peak of shear stress; $ {\delta }_{1} $−Maximum elastic slip; $ {\delta }_{2} $−Maximum plastic slip; δ_f—Limit of slip; K_E—Slope of ascending section; K_s—Slope of descent section; G_f—Interface fracture energy.

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