陶瓷基复合材料紧固件制造技术及其连接性能研究进展

马雪寒; 王守财; 陈旭; 吴振强; 李旭勤; 张毅; 高祥云; 成来飞; 张立同

doi:10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20230227.004

陶瓷基复合材料紧固件制造技术及其连接性能研究进展

doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20230227.004

1.
西北工业大学　超高温结构复合材料重点实验室，西安 710072
2.
航空工业集团有限公司　沈阳飞机设计研究所，沈阳 110031
3.
西安鑫垚陶瓷复合材料股份有限公司，西安 710051
4.
北京强度环境研究所，北京 100076
5.
成都工业学院　材料与环境工程学院，成都 611730

基金项目: 航天一院高校联合创新基金(CALT2021-19)；国家自然科学基金联合基金重点项目(U20B2002)；陕西省重点研发计划重点产业创新链(群)-工业领域(2021ZDLGY14-10)；四川省自然科学基金(2022NSFSC0327)

详细信息

通讯作者:
张毅，博士，副研究员，硕士生导师，研究方向为陶瓷基复合材料　E-mail: zhangyit@nwpu.edu.cn

中图分类号: TB332；V258+.3
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-12-05
- 修回日期: 2023-02-04
- 录用日期: 2023-02-19
- 网络出版日期: 2023-02-28
- 刊出日期: 2023-06-15

Review of preparation processes and joining performance of ceramic matrix composite fasteners

1.
National Key Laboratory of Thermostructural Composite Materials, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
2.
Shenyang Aircraft Design and Research Institute, China Aviation Industry Corporation of China, LTD., Shenyang 110031, China
3.
Xi'an Xinyao Ceramic Composite Material CO., LTD., Xi’an 710051, China
4.
Beijing Institute of Strength Environment, Beijing 100076, China
5.
School of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Chengdu Technological University, Chengdu 611730, China

Funds: Joint Innovation Found for Universities of the First Academy of Astronautics (CALT2021-19); Joint Found Key Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (U20B2002); Key Industry Innovation Chain (Cluster)-Industrial Field of Shaanxi Province (2021ZDLGY14-10); Natural Science Fund Project in Sichuan Province (2022NSFSC0327)

摘要

摘要: 连续纤维增韧碳化硅复合材料(CMC-SiC)热结构部件已广泛应用于航天、航空、航发领域，该部件通常采用组合装配集成制造技术研制，发展新型高性能CMC-SiC紧固件制备技术是推动部件制造技术的关键之一。本文从组装集成制造技术需求特点出发，阐述了CMC-SiC紧固件的类别、制备技术和微结构特点，分析了CMC-SiC复合材料对CMC-SiC紧固件力学性能的制约关系，总结了CMC-SiC机械连接剪切行为、钉载分配和拉伸行为的研究现状，揭示了CMC-SiC紧固件静态力学性能及其失效机制。进一步分析了CMC-SiC紧固件振动松弛机制及其防松措施，探讨了氧化损伤对CMC-SiC紧固件性能的影响。据此，从预制体结构设计、制备工艺和紧固件结构角度，提出了CMC-SiC紧固件性能优化途径，最后展望了CMC紧固件制备技术及其连接性能的发展。
- 陶瓷基复合材料 /
- 紧固件 /
- 连接 /
- 制备 /
- 力学性能 /
- 氧化
Abstract: Thermal structural components made of continuous fibre-reinforced silicon carbide ceramic matrix composites (CMC-SiC) have been widely employed in aerospace and aeronautical fields. Integrated manufacturing techniques have been also extensively utilized to assembly CMC-SiC parts together to form large and complex components. The development of novel high-performance CMC-SiC fasteners has become critical manufacturing technology. In this work, different types, preparation methods, and microstructural characteristics of CMC-SiC fasteners were reviewed based on unique demands in terms of component preparation. It is demonstrated that shear strength of fasteners was very similar to in-plane shear strength of composites. Tensile and shear behaviours, load distribution among fasteners, failure mechanisms, and oxidation damages of CMC-SiC bolted/pinned joints were summarized. Furthermore, vibration relaxation mechanism and related anti-loosening effect were discussed. Accordingly, an optimization of CMC-SiC fasteners was proposed based on fibre architecture design, preparation process, and fastener structure. In the last, the development of CMC fastener manufacturing and their joining perfor-mance was prospected.
- ceramic matrix composites /
- fasteners /
- joining /
- preparation /
- mechanical properties /
- oxidation

HTML全文

图 1 陶瓷基复合材料紧固件^[56]

Figure 1. Ceramic matrix composite fasteners^[56]

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图 2 陶瓷基复合材料紧固件(螺栓和销钉)制备流程

Figure 2. Preparation process of ceramic matrix composite fasteners (bolts and pins)

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图 3 螺栓的计算机断层扫描(CT)照片

Figure 3. Computed tomography (CT) photographs of bolt

3DN—3D needled

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图 4 2D平纹陶瓷基复合材料预制体示意图^[54]

Figure 4. Schematics of fiber performs of the 2D plain woven ceramic matrix composite^[54]

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图 5 3D针刺陶瓷基复合材料预制体示意图^[17]

Figure 5. Schematics of fiber performs of the 3D needled ceramic matrix composites^[17]

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图 6 采用化学气相渗透工艺制备的C/SiC在线铆焊连接部位Micro-CT图像^[56]

Figure 6. Micro-CT images of C/SiC online riveting and welding joints prepared by chemical vapor infiltration process^[56]

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图 7 3DN C/SiC螺纹牙的拉伸失效表征

Figure 7. Tensile failure characterization of 3DN C/SiC threaded teeth

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图 8 3DN C/SiC螺栓间隙配合

Figure 8. Clearance fit of 3DN C/SiC bolt

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图 9 3DN C/SiC螺栓缺陷表征

Figure 9. Characterization of 3DN C/SiC bolt defects

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图 10 C/SiC螺栓连接的两种失效模式^[52]

Figure 10. Typical failure modes of C/SiC bolted joint^[52]

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图 11 2D C/SiC单钉铆焊单元的铆钉剪断失效机制^[56]

Figure 11. Shear failure mechanisms of 2D C/SiC pin in z-pinned joint^[56]

M—Bending stress; τ—Interface sliding stress; τ_s—Translational sliding stress at in-plane crack surface; σ_rr—Parallel stress; σ_f—Fiber bridging stress in the rivet; θ—Angle of crack deflection

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图 12 2D C/SiC单钉铆接剪切强度、2D C/SiC复合材料强度和氧化失重率与氧化温度的关系^[56]

Figure 12. Relationships between oxidation temperature and shear strength, mass loss of 2D C/SiC z-pinned joint, strengths, mass loss of 2D C/SiC composite^[56]

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图 13 2D C/SiC单钉铆接剪切强度、2D C/SiC复合材料强度与氧化失重率的关系^[56]

Figure 13. Relationships between mass loss and shear strength of 2D C/SiC z-pinned joint, tensile, in-plane and interlamianr shear strengths of 2D C/SiC composite^[56]

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图 14 均匀承载的陶瓷基复合材料销钉制备方法^[94]

Figure 14. Preparation of uniformly loaded CMC pins^[94]

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图 15 3DN C/SiC螺栓微结构和外观形貌

Figure 15. Microstructural and appearance of 3DN C/SiC bolts

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