聚合物基柔性透明电磁屏蔽复合材料研究进展

黄星; 任家飞; 李齐方; 周政

doi:10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20230119.003

聚合物基柔性透明电磁屏蔽复合材料研究进展

doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20230119.003

黄星^{1, 2,},
任家飞²,
李齐方²,
周政^{1, 2, ,}

1.
北京化工大学　碳纤维及功能高分子教育部重点实验室，北京 100029
2.
北京化工大学　材料科学与工程学院，北京 100029

基金项目: 先进功能复合材料技术重点实验室开放基金(6142906210101)

详细信息

通讯作者:
周政，博士，教授，硕士生导师，研究方向为功能高分子材料　E-mail: zhouzheng@mail.buct.edu.cn

中图分类号: TB332
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-10-26
- 修回日期: 2022-12-24
- 录用日期: 2022-12-31
- 网络出版日期: 2023-01-19
- 刊出日期: 2023-06-15

Research progress of polymer-based flexible transparent electromagnetic shielding composite materials

HUANG Xing^{1, 2
,},
REN Jiafei²,
LI Qifang²,
ZHOU Zheng^{1, 2
, ,}

1.
Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
2.
College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China

Funds: Science and Technology on Advanced Functional Composites Laboratory Open Fund Project (6142906210101)

摘要

摘要: 随着电子信息技术的快速发展，国防军工、电子通讯及可穿戴电子等领域对电磁屏蔽材料的柔性和光学透明性提出了更高的要求，开发兼具高透明性和柔性的高性能电磁屏蔽材料已成为当今研究的热点。本文介绍了近年来聚合物基柔性透明电磁屏蔽复合材料的研究进展，对聚合物基底和屏蔽材料的种类、复合材料的制备方法进行了对比总结，阐述了不同材料的柔性、透明性与电磁屏蔽性能的相互制约问题及解决方法，并对未来聚合物基柔性透明电磁屏蔽复合材料的发展方向进行了展望。
- 电磁屏蔽 /
- 柔性 /
- 透明 /
- 聚合物基 /
- 复合材料 /
- 可穿戴电子
Abstract: With the rapid development of electronic information technology, higher requirements for the flexibility and optical transparency of electromagnetic shielding materials are put forward in the fields of national defense and military industry, electronic communication, and wearable electronics. Developing high-performance electromagnetic shielding materials with high transparency and flexibility has become a hot research topic. This paper introduced the research progress of polymer-based flexible and transparent electromagnetic shielding composite materials in recent years. The types of polymer substrates and shielding materials, and preparation methods of composite materials were compared and summarized. The mutual restriction problems and solutions of different materials' flexibility, transparency, and electromagnetic shielding properties were expounded. The future development direction of polymer-based flexible and transparent electromagnetic shielding composite materials has prospected.
- electromagnetic shielding /
- flexible /
- transparent /
- polymer-based /
- composite materials /
- wearable electronics

HTML全文

图 1 (a) 不同ZnO-Ag-ZnO(SLSO)结构示意图；复合膜的实物图 (b)、透光率 (c)、电磁屏蔽(EMI SE)曲线 (d)、弯曲测试图 (e) 和透明EMI机制 (f)

Figure 1. (a) Schematic of different ZnO-Ag-ZnO (SLSO) structures; Photograph (b), transmittance (c), Electromagnetic interference shielding (EMI SE) curves (d), Bending test (e) and transparent EMI mechanism (f) of the composite film

D-SLSO—Double-sided SLSO; PET—Polyethylene terephthalate; ITO—Indium tin oxid

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图 2 纳米分支结构氧化铟锡(ITO)的EMI SE机制示意图 (a) 及透光率 (b)；ITO-PI薄膜的实物图和SEM俯视图像 (c)、EMI SE曲线 (d)及弯曲测试 (e)

Figure 2. Schematic of the EMI SE mechanism (a) and transmittance of indium tin oxide (ITO) nanobranches (b); Digital image and top-view SEM image (c), EMI SE curves (d) and bending test (e) of ITO-PI film

RT—Room temperature

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图 3 聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)-聚乙烯醇(PVA)@Ag纳米管(AgNT)-聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)复合膜的制备过程 (a)、实物图 (b)、透光率 (c)、EMI SE曲线 (d)、弯曲和扭转测试 (e) 及EMI SE机制图 (f)

Figure 3. Fabrication process (a), image (b), transmittance (c), EMI SE curves (d), bending and twisting test (e) and EMI SE mechanism (f) of the polyethylene terephthalate (PET)-polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)@Ag nanotube (AgNT)-polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) composite film

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图 4 AgNF-PET复合膜的制备过程 (a)、A4尺寸实物图和SEM图像 (b)、透光率 (c)、EMI SE曲线 (d) 及弯曲循环测试 (e)

Figure 4. Fabrication process (a), A4-scale image and SEM image (b), Transmittance (c), EMI SE curves (d) and bending cycles test (e) of AgNF-PET composite film

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图 5 AgNWs-PDMS薄膜的制备过程 (a) 及EMI SE原理图 (b)

Figure 5. Fabrication process (a) and EMI SE schematic (b) of AgNWs-PDMS film

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图 6 单晶石墨烯-PET-单晶石墨烯复合膜的制备过程 (a)、透光率和实物图 (b)、EMI SE曲线 (c) 及弯曲循环测试(d)

Figure 6. Fabrication process (a), transmittance and image (b), EMI SE curves (c) and bending cycles test (d) of the single-crystalline graphene-PET-single-crystalline graphene composite film

SCG—Single crystal graphene; SE_T—Total EMI SE

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图 7 MXene薄膜EMI SE机制

Figure 7. EMI SE mechanism of MXene film

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图 8 PET-Ag纳米线(AgNWs)-聚3,4-乙烯二氧噻吩∶聚苯乙烯磺酸盐(PEDOT∶PSS)@Ni复合膜制备过程示意图

Figure 8. Fabrication process of PET-Ag nanowires (AgNWs)-poly 3, 4-vinyl dioxthiophene∶polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT∶PSS)@Ni composite film

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表 1 常见金属材料的电导率

Table 1. Electrical conductivities of common metal materials

Types of metal materials	Electrical conductivity/(S·m⁻¹)
Silver	6.3×10⁷
Copper	5.6×10⁷
Gold	4.1×10⁷
Aluminum	3.5×10⁷
Magnesium	2.2×10⁷
Titanium	2.1×10⁷
Zinc	1.7×10⁷
Nickel	1.3×10⁷

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表 2 不同聚合物基柔性透明EMI SE复合材料的EMI SE和透光率

Table 2. EMI SE and transmittance of different polymer-based flexible transparent EMI SE composites

EMI shielding materials	Polymer matrix	EMI SE/dB	Frequency/GHz	Transmittance	Ref.
ZnO-Ag-ZnO	PET	>40.0	4.0-40.0	88.9%	[34]
ITO	PI	15.0	8.0-18.0	>80.0%	[37]
ITO-Cu-Ag-ITO	PET	26.0	8.0-40.0	96.5%	[38]
Nickel-mesh	PET	46.9	8.2	88.7%	[43]
Copper nanowires	PET,PES	22.0	8.2-12.4	73.0%	[27]
AgNT	PET,PDMS	21.0	8.2-12.4	90.0%	[46]
AgNF	PET	20.0	8.2-12.4	89.0%	[47]
AgNWs	PET	28.1	8.2-12.4	91.3%	[15]
AgNWs	PMMA	>30.0	1.0-18.0	>80.0%	[48]
AgNWs	Polyurea	>31.0	8.2-12.4	77.5%	[13]
AgNWs	HPMC	45.8	8.2-12.4	90.5%	[23]
AgNWs	PDDA	31.3	8.2-12.4	86.8%	[26]
AgNWs	PET,PMMA	21.3	8.0-12.0	95.6%	[30]
AgNWs	Gelatin	37.7	8.2-12.4	71.9%	[22]
AgNWs	PDMS	27.0	8.2-12.4	91.0%	[18]
AgNWs	Cellulose nanofibers	20.0	8.2-12.4	86.7%	[19]
Graphene	PET	8.0	8.0-12.0	89.4%	[53]
RGO	PEI	3.1	0.5-8.5	73.0%	[28]
RGO-AgNWs	Polyacrylic	>24.0	0.5-3.0	>85.0%	[29]
Graphene-AgNWs	PET, Polyurethane	23.9	0-3.0	85.0%	[54]
AgNWs@RGO	PDMS	35.5	8.2-12.4	91.1%	[55]
RGO-AgNWs	PET	33.6	8.2-12.4	81.9%	[56]
SWCNT	PET	28.0	10.0	90.0%	[52]
MXene	PC	20.0	8.2-12.4	33.4%	[63]
MXene-AgNWs	PET	49.2	8.2-12.4	82.8%	[31]
MXene-AgNWs	PET, PVA	30.5	8.2-12.4	81.0%	[25]
MXene-AgNWs	PET	24.6	8.2-12.4	81.0%	[64]
PPy	PDMS	7.9	5.9-8.2	40.1%	[65]
AgNWs-PEDOT:PSS@Nickel	PET	19.6	8.2-12.4	78.2%	[16]
Notes: PES—Polyether sulfone; PMMA—Polymethyl methacrylate; NF—Nanofiber; HPMC—Hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose; PPy—Polypyrrole; RGO—Reduced graphene oxide.

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表 3 不同电磁屏蔽复合材料的制备方法及柔性测试

Table 3. Preparation methods and flexibility tests of different electromagnetic shielding composite materials

Ref.	Methods	Bending radius/angle	Number of cycles	Retention of EMI SE
[34]	Magnetron sputtering	6 mm	1000	-
[37]	Electron-beam evaporation	180°	200000	92%
[38]	Sedimentation, Co-sputtering	6 mm	250	-
[43]	Imprinting transfer	-	-	-
[27]	Vacuum filtration, spin coating	1.5 mm	1000	-
[46]	Electrospinning, magnetron sputtering	1.5 cm	5000	92%
[47]	Blow spinning	1 mm	1000	-
[15]	Mayer rod coating	-	1000	-
[48]	Spray coating	-	1000	-
[13]	Vacuum filtration	-	-	-
[23]	Drop coating	6 mm	1000	-
[26]	Mayer rod coating	-	-	-
[30]	Mayer rod coating, spin coating	-	10000	-
[22]	Rod coating	-	1000	-
[18]	Photolithographic	1.8 mm	1200	-
[19]	Spin coating	-	-	-
[53]	Chemical vapor deposition	1.56 cm*	500	＞95%
[28]	Electrophoretic deposition	-	-	-
[29]	Automatic film applicator	-	-	-
[54]	Spin coating	2 mm*	300000	-
[55]	Electrodeposition	-	-	-
[56]	Spray coating	2 mm	1000	96%
[52]	Decalcomania transfer	-	-	-
[63]	Spraying, spin coating	2 mm	1000	88%
[31]	Spray coating	1.3 mm	3000	-
[25]	Spray coating	2 mm	1000	94%
[64]	Spray coating	1.97 mm	2000
[65]	Mixing	-	-	-
[16]	Spray coating, electroplating	-	-	-
Note:*—Radius of curvature.

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