Effects of graphene oxide on mechanical properties of 3D printed cement-based materials
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摘要: 氧化石墨烯(GO)拥有较大的比表面积，化学结构式中存在大量的含氧基团，使其在水泥基材料中具有出色的亲水性能和分散性能，可有效改善水泥基材料微观结构、增强其力学性能。本文基于Dinger-Funk模型进行3D打印水泥基材料配合比设计，研究了不同掺量GO对3D打印水泥基材料性能的影响。结果表明：添加0.03wt%~0.05wt%GO后，加速了水泥水化进程，有利于3D打印水泥基材料各个方向力学性能的增强。与未掺入GO组别相比，掺入0.03wt%GO后，打印试块X方向、Y方向、Z方向的28天抗压强度分别增长12.07%、11.93%、17.42%，28天抗折强度分别增长30.61%、21.13%、13.70%。3D打印试件孔隙在层间界面相对集中，呈现不规则的形状，造成3D打印试块力学性能各向异性行为，3D打印试块抗压强度的各向异性不明显，而抗折强度的各向异性行为显著。Abstract: Graphene oxide (GO) has a large specific surface area, and there are a large number of oxygen-containing groups in the chemical structure, which makes it have excellent hydrophilic properties and dispersing properties in cement-based materials. GO can effectively improve the microstructure of cement-based materials and enhance its mechanical properties. In this paper, based on the Dinger-Funk model, the mix ratio design of 3D printing cement-based materials was carried out, and the effect of different dosages of GO on the properties was studied. The results show that: The addition of 0.03wt%-0.05wt%GO accelerates the cement hydration process, which is beneficial to the enhancement of the mechanical properties of 3D printed cement-based materials in all directions. Compared with the group without GO, after adding 0.03wt%GO, the 28 days compressive strength of the 3D printed specimens in the X, Y, and Z directions increase by 12.07%, 11.93%, and 17.42%, respectively, and the 28 days flexural strength increase by 30.61%, 21.13%, and 13.70%, respectively. The pores of the 3D printed specimen are re-latively concentrated at the interface between layers, showing an irregular shape, resulting in anisotropic behavior of the mechanical properties of the 3D printed specimens. The anisotropy of the compressive strength of the 3D printed specimen is not obvious, while the anisotropic behavior of the flexural strength is significant.
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Key words:
- graphene oxide (GO) /
- 3D printing /
- mechanical properties /
- anisotropy /
- microstructure
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图 2 3D打印水泥基材料可挤出性、可建造性测试和力学性能加载方向
Figure 2. Extrudability, buildability test and mechanical properties loading direction of 3D printing cement-based materials
图 3 不同GO掺量3D打印水泥基材料粒径分布 (a) 及曲线拟合图 (b)
Figure 3. Particle size distribution (a) and curves fitting diagram (b) of 3D printing cement-based materials with different GO content
图 4 不同GO掺量3D打印水泥基材料流动度
Figure 4. Fluidity of 3D printing cement-based materials with different GO content
图 6 不同GO掺量3D打印水泥基材料抗压强度
Figure 6. Compressive strength of 3D printing cement-based materials with different GO content
图 7 不同GO掺量3D打印水泥基材料力学性能各向异性系数
Figure 7. Anisotropic coefficient of mechanical properties of 3D printing cement-based materials with different GO content
图 8 不同GO掺量3D打印水泥基材料抗折强度
Figure 8. Flexural strength of 3D printing cement-based materials with different GO content
图 9 不同成型方式水泥基材料2D切片孔隙率
Figure 9. 2D sliced porosity of cement-based materials with different molding methods
图 10 不同成型方式水泥基材料2D切面
Figure 10. 2D slices of cement-based materials with different molding methods
图 11 不同成型方式水泥基材料微观形貌SEM图像
Figure 11. SEM images of cement-based materials with different molding methods
图 12 不同GO掺量3D打印水泥基材料的水化热和TG-DTG曲线
Figure 12. Hydration heat and TG-DTG curves of 3D printing cement-based materials with different GO content
图 13 不同GO掺量3D打印水泥基材料Ca(OH)2含量
Figure 13. Ca(OH)2 content of 3D printing cement-based materials with different GO content
表 1 胶凝材料的化学组成
Table 1. Chemical composition of cementitious materials
Material Dosage of admixture/wt% CaO SiO2 Al2O3 Fe2O3 MgO Other Cement 63.37 20.35 5.10 3.34 2.05 5.79 Fly ash 4.01 53.97 31.15 4.16 1.01 5.70 
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表 2 不同GO掺量3D打印水泥基材料的配合比
Table 2. Mixing ratio of 3D printing cement-based materials with different GO content
Specimen Mass ratio of components Dosage of admixture/wt% Cement Fly ash Stone powder Machine-made
sand IMachine-made
sand ⅡWater Viscosity modifier Retarder Water reducer GO C 0.9 0.1 0.38 0.5 0.62 0.4 0.30 0.05 0.90 0 0.01wt%GO/C 0.95 0.01 0.03wt%GO/C 1.05 0.03 0.05wt%GO/C 1.15 0.05 0.07wt%GO/C 1.30 0.07 Note: The mass ratio of the cementitious material was set to 1, stone powder, machine-made sand I, machine-made sand Ⅱ, and water were all added according to the radio of the cementitious material, and the viscosity modifier, retarder, water reducer, and GO were all added according to the percentage of the cementitious material.
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