Effect of in-situ assembling zeolite imidazolate frameworks on the photoelectric properties of paper-based ZnO nanorod array
-
摘要: 性能卓越的光电极材料的设计制备对光电化学(PEC)技术的发展与应用至关重要。近年来，纸基光敏材料以其比表面积大、环境友好且成本低的优点被广泛研究。其中，作为一种高光电活性、高电子迁移率、无毒的光电极材料，纸基ZnO纳米棒被认为具有广阔的应用前景。然而，高载流子复合率及光腐蚀现象严重制约其光电性能的进一步提升。为降低光生载流子复合率并抑制光腐蚀，采用水热法在纸基ZnO表面原位组装沸石咪唑酯骨架材料-8 (ZIF-8)，制备纸基一维ZnO/ZIF-8纳米棒阵列光电极。结果显示：ZIF-8均匀、致密分布在纸基ZnO表面，二者界面处无缝结合，利于促进界面电荷传输。同时，原位组装ZIF-8过程中，聚集大量氧空位的ZnO表面被刻蚀并转化为ZIF-8，利于抑制光腐蚀。此外，ZnO与ZIF-8能级匹配，二者结合形成异质结，可实现光生电子与空穴的双向传输，从而有效促进光生载流子分离。与纯ZnO纳米棒相比，纸基ZnO/ZIF-8复合材料展现出更高的光生载流子分离与传输效率、更大的光电流密度及更好的光稳定性。Abstract: The design and preparation of photoelectrode materials with excellent performance are crucial for the development and application of photoelectrochemical (PEC) technique. Paper-based photosensitive materials have been widely studied due to their large surface area, environmental friendliness and low cost. Among them, as one photoelectric material with high photoelectric activity, high electron mobility and non-toxic, paper-based ZnO nanorods have broad application prospects. However, the high recombination rate of charge carriers and photocorrosion seriously restrict the improvement of its PEC performance. Aiming to address these issues, zeolitic imidazolate frameworks-8 (ZIF-8) is in-situ assembled on paper-based ZnO through hydrothermal method to construct paper-based one-dimensional ZnO/ZIF-8 nanorod array. The results show that the ZIF-8 are uniformly and densely grown on the surface of ZnO nanorods, their seamless interface contact can facilitate the charge transport. Meantime, the ZnO surface enriched with abundant oxygen vacancy is etched and converted into ZIF-8, which can restrain the photocorrosion. Besides, due to the matched energy band structure, the formed ZnO/ZIF-8 heterojunction can realize the bidirectional transfer of photogenerated electrons and holes, thereby efficiently promoting the charge separation. Compared with pure ZnO, paper-based ZnO/ZIF-8 composites exhibit higher photocurrent density and enhanced photostability.
-
图 1 纸基ZnO ((a)、(b))与纸基ZnO/ZIF-8 ((c)、(d)) 的SEM图像
Figure 1. SEM images of paper-based ZnO ((a), (b)) and paper-based ZnO/ZIF-8 ((c), (d))
图 2 ZnO/ZIF-8纳米棒TEM图像(a)及HRTEM图像(b)
Figure 2. TEM image (a) and HRTEM image (b) of ZnO/ZIF-8 nanotube
d—Lattice fringe spacing
图 3 ZnO/ZIF-8 纳米棒(NRs)与ZnO NRs的XRD图谱
Figure 3. XRD patterns of ZnO/ZIF-8 nanorods (NRs) and ZnO NRs
图 4 不同溶剂组成条件下ZnO/ZIF-8的SEM图像：(a) 纯水；(b) 体积比DMF/H2O=1∶1；(c) 体积比DMF/H2O=2∶1；(d) 纯DMF
Figure 4. SEM images of the ZnO/ZIF-8 obtained under different solvent condition: (a) Pure water; (b) Volume ratio DMF/H2O=1∶1; (c) Volume ratio DMF/H2O=2∶1; (d) Pure DMF
图 5 ZnO/ZIF-8和ZnO的光电流密度(a)、光稳定性(b)、光致发光(PL)图谱(c)和时间分辨光致发光(TRPL)图谱(d)
Figure 5. Photocurrent density (a), photostability (b), photoluminescence (PL) spectra (c) and time-resolved photoluminescence (TRPL) spectra (d) of ZnO/ZIF-8 and ZnO
图 6 ZnO/ZIF-8异质结能带结构及其光生电子-空穴迁移过程示意图
Figure 6. Schematic diagram of band structure and photogenerated electron-hole migration of ZnO/ZIF-8 heterojunction
CB—Conduction band; VB—Valence band; Eg—Energy band gap; E—Potential
表 1 ZnO与ZnO/ZIF-8的TRPL拟合结果
Table 1. TRPL fitting results of the ZnO and ZnO/ZIF-8
τ1/ns A1 τ2/ns A2 ZnO 0.2701 0.4689 0.2701 0.4687 ZnO/ZIF-8 0.2092 0.5883 0.2092 0.5883 Notes: τ1—Short lifetime constant; τ2—Long lifetime constant; A—Relative amplitudes. 
下载: 导出CSV
-
[1] BRUNETTI F, OPERAMOLLA A, CASTRO-HERMOSA S, et al. Printed solar cells and energy storage devices on paper substrates[J]. Advanced Functional Materials,2019,29(21):1806798. doi: 10.1002/adfm.201806798 [2] WENG B, GRICE C R, GE J, et al. Barium bismuth niobate double perovskite/tungsten oxide nanosheet photoanode for high-performance photoelectrochemical water splitting[J]. Advanced Energy Materials,2018,8(10):1701665. [3] MASCARERRI L, DUTTA A, KMENT S, et al. Plasmon-enhanced photoelectrochemical water splitting for efficient renewable energy storage[J]. Advanced Materials,2019,31(31):1805513. doi: 10.1002/adma.201805513 [4] XIAO M, LUO B, WANG Z, et al. Recent advances of metal oxide photoanodes: Engineering of charge separation and transportation toward efficient solar water splitting[J]. Solar RRL,2020,4(8):1900509. doi: 10.1002/solr.201900509 [5] SU B, WU Y, JIANG L. The art of aligning one-dimensional (1D) nanostructures[J]. Chemical Society Reviews,2012,41(23):7832-7856. doi: 10.1039/c2cs35187k [6] TANG Y, SUN H, QIN Z, et al. Bioinspired photocatalytic ZnO/Au nanopillar-modified surface for enhanced antibacterial and antiadhesive property[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal,2020,398:125575. doi: 10.1016/j.cej.2020.125575 [7] RUDD A L, BRESLIN C B. Photo-induced dissolution of zinc in alkaline solutions[J]. Electrochimica Acta,2000,45(10):1571-1579. doi: 10.1016/S0013-4686(99)00322-9 [8] FU H, XU T, ZHU S, et al. Photocorrosion inhibition and enhancement of photocatalytic activity for ZnO via hybridization with C60[J]. Environmental Science & Technology,2008,42(21):8064-8069. [9] ZHANG C, FEI W, WANG H, et al. p-n heterojunction of BiOI/ZnO nanorod arrays for piezo-photocatalytic degradation of bisphenol a in water[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials,2020,399:123109. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123109 [10] YIN B, ZHANG H, QIU Y, et al. Piezo-phototronic effect enhanced self-powered and broadband photodetectors based on Si/ZnO/CdO three-component heterojunctions[J]. Nano Energy,2017,40:440-446. doi: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2017.08.036 [11] YANG Y, GAO P, WANG Y, et al. A direct charger transfer from interface to surface for the highly efficient spatial separation of electrons and holes: The construction of Ti—C bonded interfaces in TiO2-C composite as a touchstone for photocatalytic water splitting[J]. Nano Energy,2017,33:29-36. doi: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2017.01.030 [12] TANG Z, ZHU F, ZHOU J, et al. Monolithic NF@ZnO/Au@ZIF-8 photocatalyst with strong photo-thermal-magnetic coupling and selective-breathing effects for boosted conversion of CO2 to CH4[J]. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental,2022,309:121267. doi: 10.1016/j.apcatb.2022.121267 [13] WEN M, SONG S, LIU Q, et al. Manipulation of plasmon-induced hot electron transport in Pd/MoO3-x@ZIF-8: Boosting the activity of Pd-catalyzed nitroaromatic hydrogenation under visible-light irradiation[J]. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental,2021,282:119511. doi: 10.1016/j.apcatb.2020.119511 [14] KIM H, KIM W, PARK J, et al. Surface conversion of ZnO nanorods to ZIF-8 to suppress surface defects for a visible-blind UV photodetector[J]. Nanoscale,2018,10(45):21168-21177. doi: 10.1039/C8NR06701E [15] ZHAN W W, KUANG Q, ZHOU J Z, et al. Semiconductor@metal-organic framework core-shell heterostructures: A case of ZnO@ZIF-8 nanorods with selective photoelectrochemical response[J]. Journal of the American Chemical Society,2013,135(5):1926-1933. doi: 10.1021/ja311085e [16] YANG H, ZHANG Y, ZHANG L, et al. Stackable lab-on-paper device with all-in-one au electrode for high-efficiency photoelectrochemical cyto-sensing[J]. Analytical Chemistry,2018,90(12):7212-7220. doi: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b00153 [17] YUAN K, YIN X, LI J, et al. Preparation and DSC application of the size-tuned ZnO nanoarrays[J]. Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2010,489(2):694-699. doi: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2009.09.156 [18] PAN Y, LIU Y, ZENG G, et al. Rapid synthesis of zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) nanocrystals in an aqueous system[J]. Chemical Communications,2011,47(7):2071-2073. doi: 10.1039/c0cc05002d [19] LI X, LIU S, FAN K, et al. MOF-based transparent passivation layer modified ZnO nanorod arrays for enhanced photo-electrochemical water splitting[J]. Advanced Energy Materials,2018,8(18):1800101. doi: 10.1002/aenm.201800101 [20] GAO C, XUE J, ZHANG L, et al. Paper-based origami photoelectrochemical sensing platform with TiO2/Bi4NbO8Cl/Co-Pi cascade structure enabling of bidirectional modulation of charge carrier separation[J]. Analytical Chemistry,2018,90(24):14116-14120. doi: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b04662 [21] YU X, WANG S, ZHANG X, et al. Heterostructured nanorod array with piezophototronic and plasmonic effect for photodynamic bacteria killing and wound healing[J]. Nano Energy,2018,46:29-38. doi: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2018.01.033 [22] SHAO M, NING F, WEI M, et al. Hierarchical nanowire arrays based on ZnO core-layered double hydroxide shell for largely enhanced photoelectrochemical water splitting[J]. Advanced Functional Materials,2014,24(5):580-586. doi: 10.1002/adfm.201301889 [23] PATIL R P, MAHADIK M A, BAE H S, et al. Porous Zn1-xCdxS nanosheets/ZnO nanorod heterojunction photoanode via self-templated and cadmium ions exchanged conversion of ZnS(HDA)0.5 nanosheets/ZnO nanorod[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal,2020,402:126153. doi: 10.1016/j.cej.2020.126153 [24] GU M, LI Y, ZHANG M, et al. Bismuth nanoparticles and oxygen vacancies synergistically attired Zn2SnO4 with optimized visible-light-active performance[J]. Nano Energy,2021,80:105415. doi: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2020.105415 [25] WANG S, HE T, CHEN P, et al. In situ formation of oxygen vacancies achieving near-complete charge separation in planar BiVO4 photoanodes[J]. Advanced Materials,2020,32(26):e2001385. doi: 10.1002/adma.202001385 [26] NING X, YIN D, FAN Y, et al. Plasmon-enhanced charge separation and surface reactions based on Ag-loaded transition-metal hydroxide for photoelectrochemical water oxidation[J]. Advanced Energy Materials,2021,11(17):2100405. doi: 10.1002/aenm.202100405 [27] GRAU-CRESPO R, AZIZ A, COLLINS A W, et al. Modelling a linker mix-and-match approach for controlling the optical excitation gaps and band alignment of zeolitic imidazolate frameworks[J]. Angewandte Chemie International Edition,2016,55(52):16012-16016. doi: 10.1002/anie.201609439 [28] LIN Y C, PENG C K, LIM S C, et al. Tailoring the surface oxygen engineering of a carbon-quantum-dot-sensitized ZnO@H-ZnO1-x multijunction toward efficient charge dynamics and photoactivity enhancement[J]. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental,2021,285:119846. doi: 10.1016/j.apcatb.2020.119846 -
下载:
点击查看大图
图(6) / 表(1)
计量
- 文章访问数: 713
- HTML全文浏览量: 420
- PDF下载量: 27
- 被引次数: 0
