热塑性复合材料夹芯结构熔融连接研究进展

杜冰; 刘后常; 潘鑫; 秦唯铭; 陈立明

doi:10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20220228.001

热塑性复合材料夹芯结构熔融连接研究进展

doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20220228.001

杜冰^{1, 2,},
刘后常¹,
潘鑫¹,
秦唯铭¹,
陈立明^1, ,

1.
重庆大学　航空航天学院，非均质材料力学重庆市重点实验室，重庆 400030
2.
重庆科技学院　冶金与材料工程学院，纳微复合材料与器件重庆市重点实验室，重庆 401331

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(11972096)；重庆英才计划“包干制”项目(cstc2021ycjh-bgzxm0117)；重庆市自然科学基金面上项目(cstc2020jcyj-msxmX0559)；重庆市教育委员会科学技术研究项目(KJQN202101531)

详细信息

通讯作者:
陈立明，博士，教授，博士生导师，研究方向为轻质复合材料结构力学　E-mail: clm07@cqu.edu.cn

中图分类号: TB332
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- 文章访问数: 1994
- HTML全文浏览量: 950
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-12-30
- 修回日期: 2022-01-28
- 录用日期: 2022-02-21
- 网络出版日期: 2022-03-01
- 刊出日期: 2022-07-30

Progress in fusion bonding of thermoplastic composite sandwich structures

DU Bing^{1, 2
,},
LIU Houchang¹,
PAN Xin¹,
QIN Weiming¹,
CHEN Liming^{1
, ,}

1.
Chongqing Key Laboratory of Heterogeneous Material Mechanics, College of Aerospace Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
2.
Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nano-Micro Composite Materials and Devices, School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing 401331, China

摘要

摘要: 面芯界面性能是复合材料夹芯结构发挥其力学/多功能优势的关键，热塑性树脂具有可熔融再造的特点，使热塑性复合材料夹芯结构(TPCSS)可在不引入新材料的前提下，形成连续可靠的面芯界面。对近年来热塑性复合材料夹芯结构熔融连接研究进展进行了梳理，总结了常见构型与所用材料，重点归纳了主要的熔融连接方法，包括热板焊接、模压成型、连续热压、面芯共编和增材制造等。基于国内外研究和应用现状，展望了熔融连接热塑性复合材料夹芯结构的未来发展趋势和应用前景。
- 热塑性复合材料 /
- 夹芯结构 /
- 熔融连接 /
- 面芯界面 /
- 力学性能
Abstract: The performance of facesheet/core interface is the key for the composite sandwich structures to exert their mechanical/multifunctional advantages. The melt-reconstruction of thermoplastic resin provides a new choice for the facesheet/core connection of the thermoplastic composite sandwich structure (TPCSS), which can realize continuous and reliable facesheet/core interface without introducing new materials. This article summarizes the fusion bonding methods of thermoplastic composite sandwich structures in recent years. Common configurations and materials are summarized, and the main fusion bonding methods, including hot plate welding, compression molding, continuous hot pressing, facesheet/core co-weaving and additive manufacturing are reviewed and concluded. Based on the research and application status at home and abroad, the future development trend and application prospects of the fusion-bonded thermoplastic composite sandwich structure are prospected.
- thermoplastic composite /
- sandwich structure /
- fusion bonding /
- facesheet/core interface /
- mechanical property

HTML全文

图 1 常见夹芯结构构型

Figure 1. Common core configurations of sandwich structure

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图 3 常见的热塑性复合材料夹芯结构熔融连接方法

Figure 3. Common fusion bonding methods of thermoplastic composite sandwich structure

TPC—Thermoplastic composite; TP—Thermoplastic

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图 2 熔融连接原理^[26]

Figure 2. Process of fusion bonding^[26]

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图 4 热板焊接制备的自增强聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(SrPET)金字塔夹芯结构^[12]

Figure 4. Fabricated Self reinforcing polyethylene terephthalate (SrPET) pyramidal sandwich structure^[12]

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图 5 层级热塑性复合材料波纹夹芯结构^[49]：(a) 工艺路径；(b) 所制备的试件；(c) 连接处

Figure 5. Hierarchical corrugation TPC sandwich structure^[49]: (a) Fabrication process; (b) Fabricated specimen; (c) Details in bonding area

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图 6 玻璃纤维增强聚丙烯(GF/PP)波纹夹芯板制备流程图^[13]

Figure 6. Fabrication route of glass fiber reinforced polypropylene (GF/PP) corrugated sandwich panel^[13]

PETF—Polytetrafluoroethylene; CNC—Computer numerical control

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图 7 模内发泡方法：(a) 注塑发泡^[17]；(b) 薄膜发泡^[51]

Figure 7. In-mould foaming methods: (a) Injection foaming^[17]; (b) Film foaming^[51]

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图 8 SrPET复合材料波纹夹芯结构面芯共固结：(a) 芯层间断铺层^[11]；(b) 芯层连续铺层^[44]；(c) 缝合增强^[45]

Figure 8. SrPET composite corrugated sandwich facesheet/core co-curing: (a) Non-continuous layup in core^[11]; (b) Continuous layup in core^[44]; (c) Continuous layup with stitching reinforcement^[45]

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图 9 CF/PEEK金字塔夹芯结构面芯连接方法^[27]：(a) 胶粘连接；(b) 原为热压

Figure 9. Facesheet/core connection methods of CF/PEEK pyramidal sandwich structure^[27]: (a) Adhesive connection; (b) In-suit hot-pressing

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图 10 所制备的SrPP结构^[15]：(a) 波纹芯层；(b)夹芯板；(c) 胞元；(d) 连接处光学显微镜照片

Figure 10. Fabricated structures of SrPET^[15]: (a) Corrugated core; (b) Sandwich panel; (c) Unit cell; (d) Optical microscope image

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图 11 GF/PP复合材料蜂窝夹芯结构^[37]：(a) 面芯铺层方案；(b) 制备流程图

Figure 11. GF/PP honeycomb sandwich structure^[37]: (a) Layup of facesheet; (b) Fabrication process

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图 12 (a) 热塑性复合材料泡沫夹芯结构制备示意图^[17]；(b) 热塑性复合材料泡沫芯层增强示意图^[34]

Figure 12. (a) Manufacturing process of thermoplastic composite sandwich adapted to the Thermabond® principle^[17]; (b) Thermoplastic composite foam reinforcement concept^[34]

T_{core center}—Core temperature at the center; T_{core surface}—Core temperature at the surface; T_{g, core}—Glass transition tempera-ture of core; T_{g, TP} _enrichment—Glass transition temperature of thermoplastic enrichment; T_S_kin—Temperature of skin; T_{m, composite}—Melting temperature of composite

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图 13 ThermHex®蜂窝结构制备示意图^[40]：(a) 胞元非闭合；(b) 胞元闭合

Figure 13. Fabrication process of ThermHex®^[40]: (a) Open cell; (b) Close cell

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图 14 (a) 制件与可拆卸芯模^[41]；(b) 销钉导向剪力机构^[52]；(c) 曲面结构成型模具^[52]

Figure 14. (a) Specimens and detachable core mould^[41]; (b) Scissor mechanism for pin guidance^[52]; (c) Metal plate mold for single curved structures^[52]

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图 15 (a)路径设计^[29]；(b)波纹截面^[48]；(c) 3D打印过程^[48]；(d) 3D打印制备的CF/PEEK波纹夹芯结构^[48]

Figure 15. (a) Path design^[29]; (b) Corrugation section^[48]; (c) 3D printing process^[48]; (d) 3D-printed CF/PEEK corrugation sandwich structure^[48]

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图 16 脱粘夹芯试样^[57]：(a) 双悬臂梁(DCB)；(b) 混合模式弯曲(MMB)；(c) 含裂纹夹芯梁(CSB)；(d) 双悬臂梁-非均匀弯矩(DCB-UBM)

Figure 16. Debond sandwich test specimen^[57]: (a) Double cantilever beam (DCB); (b) Mixed mode bending (MMB); (c) Cracked sandwich beam (CSB); (d) Double cantilever beam-uneven bending moment (DCB-UBM)

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图 17 (a)侧压载荷位移曲线对比；(b)热板焊接波纹夹芯结构失效模式；(c)电阻焊接波纹夹芯结构失效模式

Figure 17. (a) Load-displacement curve of edgewise compression results; (b) The failure mode of hot plate bonding TPCSS; (c) The failure mode of resistance welding TPCSS

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图 18 (a)可变形副翼^[57-59]；(b)车用地板^[60]；(c) 风电叶片^[61]

Figure 18. (a) Morphing wing^[57-59]; (b) Composite floor for electric vehicles^[60]; (c) Wind blade^[61]

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图 19 风电叶片各部分电阻焊接示意图^[65]

Figure 19. Resistance welding schematic for a wind turbine blaed^[65]

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表 1 采用熔融连接的热塑性复合材料夹芯结构构型与材料概览

Table 1. Brief summary of the core configuration and material of TPC sandwich structures

Year	Core configuration	Matrix	Reinforcement	Ref.
2007	Foam	PP	—	[30]
2018	Foam	EPP	—	[31]
2019	Foam	PEI	—	[32]
2020	Foam	PEI	—	[33]
2003	Honeycomb	PP	—	[34]
2019	Honeycomb	PP	—	[35]
2020	Honeycomb	PP	—	[36]
2020	Honeycomb	PP	—	[37]
2021	Honeycomb	PLA	CF-U	[38]
2021	Honeycomb	PLA	CF-U	[39]
2015	Pyramidal truss	PET	PET-F	[12]
2020	Pyramidal truss	PEEK	CF-U	[27]
2013	Corrugation	PP	GF-U	[40]
2013	Corrugation	PP	GF-U	[41]
2015	Corrugation	PP	GF-U	[42]
2016	Corrugation	PET	PET-F	[43]
2017	Corrugation	PP	GF-U	[13]
2020	Corrugation	PP	GF-U	[15]
2015	Corrugation	PET	PET-F	[11]
2016	Corrugation	PET	PET-F	[44]
2016	Corrugation	PET	PET-F	[45]
2018	Corrugation	PP	PP-F	[12]
2021	Corrugation	PP	PP-F	[32]
2021	Corrugation	PP	PP-F	[46]
2018	Corrugation	PLA	Kevlar-U	[29]
2019	Corrugation	PP	GF-U	[47]
2019	Corrugation	PEEK	CF-U	[48]
Notes: "-U "—Unidirectional fiber; "-F "—Woven fiber; CF—Carbon fiber; GF—Glass fiber; PET—Polyethylene terephthalate; PP—Polypropylene; PA—Polyamide; PEEK—Polyetheretherketon; EPP—Foamed polypropylene; PEI—Polyetherimide.

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