弹道防护用超高分子量聚乙烯纤维增强热塑性树脂基复合材料的拉伸力学行为

何业茂; 焦亚男; 周庆; 贾楠; 陈利; 万喜莉

doi:10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20220221.001

弹道防护用超高分子量聚乙烯纤维增强热塑性树脂基复合材料的拉伸力学行为

doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20220221.001

何业茂^{1, 2, 3},
焦亚男^{1, 2, ,},
周庆³,
贾楠^{1, 2, 3},
陈利^{1, 2},
万喜莉³

1.
天津工业大学　纺织科学与工程学院，天津 300387
2.
天津工业大学　先进纺织复合材料教育部重点实验室，天津 300387
3.
北京普诺泰新材料科技有限公司，北京 102200

详细信息

通讯作者:
焦亚男，博士，研究员，博士生导师，研究方向为纺织复合材料结构与性能　E-mail：jiaoyn@tiangong.edu.cn

中图分类号: TB332
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-12-13
- 修回日期: 2022-01-22
- 录用日期: 2022-02-11
- 网络出版日期: 2022-02-22
- 刊出日期: 2023-01-15

Tensile mechanical behavior of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene reinforced thermoplastic resin matrix composites for ballistic application

HE Yemao^{1, 2, 3},
JIAO Yanan^{1, 2
, ,},
ZHOU Qing³,
JIA Nan^{1, 2, 3},
CHEN Li^{1, 2},
WAN Xili³

1.
School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
2.
Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Composite Materials, Ministry of Education, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
3.
Beijing Protech New Material Science CO., LTD., Beijing 102200, China

摘要

摘要: 以弹道防护用超高分子量聚乙烯(Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene，UHMWPE)纤维增强热塑性树脂基复合材料作为研究对象，通过热压工艺制备单向正交结构的复合材料层压板。基于自主设计的拉伸试验装置，开展UHMWPE纤维增强热塑性树脂基复合材料在宏观尺度和准细观尺度上的面内拉伸试验，研究其面内拉伸力学性能及失效模式。研究结果显示：弹道防护用UHMWPE纤维增强热塑性树脂基复合材料在准细观尺度上的面内拉伸力学性能是其本征性能；随着偏轴角度的增加，拉伸断裂强度呈现指数型下降，这是由于失效模式由纤维的拉伸断裂破坏转变为纤维-树脂基体的界面破坏；此外，其在宏观尺度上的拉伸破坏强度比在准细观尺度上的拉伸断裂强度降低了50.52%，这是由于宏观尺度上的面内拉伸力学响应是其面内拉伸变形和层间分层破坏的耦合结果，即层压板的叠层效应。
- UHMWPE /
- 复合材料 /
- 拉伸性能 /
- 力学行为 /
- 失效模式 /
- 准细观尺度
Abstract: Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin matrix composites for ballistic application were selected as the research object. Composite laminates with unidirectional orthogonal structure were prepared by hot pressing process. Based on the self-designed tensile test device, the in-plane tensile tests of UHMWPE fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin matrix composite on macro and quasi meso scales were carried out to investigate its in-plane tensile mechanical properties and failure modes. The results show that the in-plane tensile mechanical properties of UHMWPE composites for ballistic application on quasi meso scale are their intrinsic properties. With the increase of off-axis angle, the tensile fracture strength decreases exponentially. This is attributed to the failure mode changing from the tensile fracture failure of fiber to the interfacial failure between the fiber and resin matrix. Furthermore, the tensile failure strength of UHMWPE fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin matrix composites on the macro scale is 50.52% lower than that on the quasi-meso scale, because the in-plane tensile mechanical response on the macro scale is the coupling result of in-plane tensile deformation and interlayer delamination failure, that is, the lamination effect of laminates.
- UHMWPE /
- composite /
- tensile properties /
- mechanical behavior /
- failure modes /
- quasi meso scale

HTML全文

图 1 试验路线示意图：(a) 弹道防护用超高分子量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)纤维增强热塑性树脂基复合材料的制备工艺；(b) 力学试验试样的制备工艺；(c) 拉伸试验装置及试样规格

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of experimental route: (a) Preparation process of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin matrix composites for ballistic application; (b) Preparation process of mechanical test sample; (c) Tensile test device and sample specification

UD—Unidirectional; R—Radius; Ø—Diameter

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图 2 准细观尺度试样的裁剪方案

Figure 2. Cutting scheme of quasi meso scale specimens

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图 3 UHMWPE纤维增强热塑性树脂基复合材料在准细观尺度上的面内拉伸载荷-位移曲线：(a) 沿纤维轴向；(b) 偏离纤维轴向

Figure 3. In-plane tensile load-displacement curves of UHMWPE fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin matrix composite on quasi meso scale: (a) Axial tensile; (b) Off-axis tensile

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图 4 UHMWPE纤维增强热塑性树脂基复合材料在准细观尺度上的面内拉伸响应过程：(a) 沿纤维轴向拉伸；(b) 偏离纤维轴向拉伸

Figure 4. In-plane tensile response process of UHMWPE fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin matrix composite on quasi meso scale: (a) Axial tensile; (b) Off-axis tensile

t—Time

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图 5 UHMWPE纤维增强热塑性树脂基复合材料在准细观尺度上的面内拉伸力学性能：(a) 拉伸断裂强度均值；(b) 拉伸断裂位移均值；(c) 拉伸断裂的比吸收能均值；(d) 面内拉伸断裂强度的分布

Figure 5. Tensile mechanical properties of UHMWPE fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin matrix composite on quasi meso scale: (a) Average values of tensile strength at break; (b) Average values of tensile fracture displacement; (c) Average values of specific energy absorption of in-plane tensile fracture; (d) Distribution of in-pane tensile strength

P_tm-2—Tensile breaking strength in the range of 45°-90°; P₂(α)—Functional relationship of tensile breaking strength in the range of 45°-90°; P_tm-1—Tensile breaking strength in the range of 0°-45°; P₁(α)—Functional relationship of tensile breaking strength in the range of 0°-45°; $ \alpha $—Radian value

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图 6 UHMWPE纤维增强热塑性树脂基复合材料样条中正交单元内单纤维的承载长度

Figure 6. Effective load length of single fiber in orthogonal element for UHMWPE fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin matrix composite samples

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图 7 UHMWPE纤维增强热塑性树脂基复合材料在宏观尺度上的面内拉伸力学性能：(a) 面内拉伸载荷-位移曲线；(b) 面内拉伸失效强度

Figure 7. In-plane tensile mechanical behavior of UHMWPE fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin matrix composite on macro scale: (a) Curves of in-plane tensile load-displacement; (b) In-plane tensile failure strength

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图 8 UHMWPE纤维增强热塑性树脂基复合材料在宏观尺度上的面内拉伸过程：(a) 沿纤维轴向拉伸；(b) 偏离纤维轴向拉伸

Figure 8. In-pane tensile process of UHMWPE fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin matrix composite on macro scale: (a) Axial tensile; (b) Off-axis tensile

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图 9 UHMWPE纤维增强热塑性树脂基复合材料在宏观尺度上的面内拉伸力学响应示意图：(a) 沿纤维轴向拉伸；(b) 偏离纤维轴向拉伸

Figure 9. Diagram of in-pane tensile mechanical response of UHMWPE fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin matrix composite on macro scale: (a) Axial tensile; (b) Off-axis tensile

f (x)—In plane tensile force value function related to displacement

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图 10 UHMWPE纤维增强热塑性树脂基复合材料在宏观尺度上面内拉伸断裂后的损伤形貌：(a) 沿纤维轴向拉伸；(b) 偏离纤维轴向拉伸

Figure 10. Damage morphologies of UHMWPE fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin matrix composite after in-plane tensile fracture on macro scale: (a) Axial tensile; (b) Off-axis tensile

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图 11 UHMWPE纤维增强热塑性树脂基复合材料在准细观尺度上面内拉伸断裂后的损伤形貌：(a) 沿纤维轴向拉伸；(b) 偏离纤维轴向拉伸

Figure 11. Damage morphologies of UHMWPE fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin matrix composite after in-plane tensile fracture on quasi meso scale: (a) Axial tensile; (b) Off-axis tensile

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表 1 UHMWPE纤维增强热塑性树脂基复合材料的规格参数

Table 1. Specifications of UHMWPE fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin matrix composite

Material	Structure of coiled material (2UD)	Width of coiled material/cm	Areal density of 2UD sheet/(g·m⁻²)	Fiber mass fraction/wt%
UHMWPE fiber composite	[0°/90°]	160	134±10	87±3

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表 2 UHMWPE纤维增强热塑性树脂基复合材料拉伸试样规格参数

Table 2. Specimen specifications of tensile test of UHMWPE fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin matrix composite

Test scale	Structure	Sample shape	Specification	Load direction/(°)	Size of loading response region		Number of effective test pieces
Test scale	Structure	Sample shape	Specification	Load direction/(°)	Width/mm	Thickness/mm	Number of effective test pieces
Quasi-meso	[0°/90°]	Rectangle	0°-20 mm	0	20	0.1586	15
			0°-20 mm	0	40	0.1586	21
			0°-40 mm	7.5	40	0.1631	24
			7.5°-40 mm	15	40	0.1691	25
			30°-40 mm	30	40	0.1584	19
			45°-40 mm	45	40	0.1590	21
			90°-20 mm	90	20	0.1586	15
Macro	[0°/90°]₅₇	Dog-bone	0°-5 mm	0	5	8.0722	5
			45°-5 mm	45	5	7.8481	5
			90°-5 mm	90	5	8.0722	6

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