Mechanical properties and energy absorption characteristics of basalt fiber plain woven fabric constrained building solid waste particles
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摘要: 为探索建筑固体废弃物再利用的新方式,提出玄武岩纤维平纹织物约束建筑废弃物散体颗粒组合结构,并采用准静态单轴压缩试验对其力学性能、吸能特性等方面进行研究。研究分别讨论了建筑固体废弃物颗粒种类、建筑固体废弃物颗粒的粒径级别、玄武岩平纹织物约束层数对其响应过程、破坏形式、荷载传递、能量吸收的影响,结果表明:单层玄武岩纤维平纹织物约束下建筑废弃砖渣颗粒的峰值荷载(16.54~27.89 kN)和混凝土颗粒的峰值荷载(17.99~32.33 kN)均随着粒径的增大而降低;与建筑废弃混凝土颗粒相比,虽然建筑废弃砖渣颗粒各粒径级别下峰值荷载较低,但其各粒径级别均具有更稳定的平台段(平台应力范围为0.87~1.26 MPa)与明显的压实应变(约为0.3),是理想的吸能结构;此外,增加玄武岩纤维织物层数可显著提高建筑废弃砖渣颗粒的峰值荷载与比吸能,但由于无平台阶段和明显压实应变,并非理想吸能结构。Abstract: In order to explore a new way of recycle use of building solid waste, a composite structure with building waste particles constrained by basalt fiber plain woven fabric was proposed. Its mechanical properties and energy absorption characteristics were investigated through quasi-static uniaxial compression test. The impacts of the type of building solid waste particles, the size grade of the building solid waste particles, and the number of constrained layers of basalt plain woven fabric on the response process, failure mode, load transfer, and energy absorption were discussed, respectively. The results show that the peak load of waste brick particles (16.54-27.89 kN) and waste concrete particles (17.99-32.33 kN) under the constraint of single-layer basalt fiber plain woven fabric decrease with increasing particle size. Compared with waste concrete particles, although the waste brick particles provide lower peak load at each particle size grade, the latter exhibits a stable plateau stage (the plateau stress range is 0.87-1.26 MPa) and obvious densification strain (about 0.3), which is an ideal energy-absorbing structure. Increasing the number of constrained layers of basalt plain woven fabric for waste brick particles is able to significantly increase the peak load and specific energy absorption, however, it is not an ideal energy absorption structure due to the lack of plateau stage and obvious densification strain.
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表 1 玄武岩平纹织物性能参数
Table 1. Performance parameters of basalt plain woven fabric
Surface density/
(g·m−2)Number of
yarn/(cm×cm)Yarn specification/
texTensile
strength/MPaElongation
at break/%Modulus of
elasticity/GPa200 10×10 100 2000 2.5 80 表 2 建筑固体废弃物颗粒性能参数
Table 2. Performance parameters of building solid waste particles
Particle size
grade/mmType of
particlesApparent density/
(g·cm−3)Stacking density/
(g·cm−3)Porosity/% Crush
index/%Internal friction
angle/(°)Coefficient of friction
with basalt fiber
plain woven fabric0.6 Waste brick particles 2.34 1.26 46.38 17.6 37.16 0.73 Waste concrete particles 2.31 1.32 42.86 5.4 39.02 0.72 1.18 Waste brick particles 2.33 1.20 48.50 26.7 39.11 0.68 Waste concrete particles 2.45 1.39 43.26 11.3 41.36 0.66 2.36 Waste brick particles 2.33 1.15 50.64 29.6 41.67 0.65 Waste concrete particles 2.55 1.44 43.52 12.0 42.44 0.64 4.75 Waste brick particles 2.32 1.13 51.29 36.7 42.77 0.63 Waste concrete particles 2.54 1.41 44.48 14.1 44.76 0.62 Note: Each particle size grade is the remaining particles on the sieve of the size. 表 3 玄武岩纤维平纹织物约束建筑固体废弃物颗粒试件汇总
Table 3. Summarization of basalt fiber plain woven fabric constrained building solid waste particles specimens
Sample index Number of layers Particle size grade/mm Type of particles Energy absorbing material average quality/g 1-WBP-0.60 1 0.60 Waste brick particles 2375.73 1-WCP-0.60 Waste concrete particles 2449.26 1-WBP-1.18 1.18 Waste brick particles 2262.60 1-WCP-1.18 Waste concrete particles 2579.14 1-WBP-2.36 2.36 Waste brick particles 2133.82 1-WCP-2.36 Waste concrete particles 2671.92 1-WBP-4.75 4.75 Waste brick particles 2096.71 1-WCP-4.75 Waste concrete particles 2616.25 2-WBP-1.18 2 1.18 Waste brick particles 2274.83 2-WBP-2.36 2.36 Waste brick particles 2145.42 3-WBP-1.18 3 1.18 Waste brick particles 2276.92 3-WBP-2.36 2.36 Waste brick particles 2157.61 Notes: In the sample index, the first number represents the number of basalt plain woven fabric layers; The letters indicate the type of the building solid waste, e.g. WBP for waste brick particles and WCP for waste concrete particles; The second number presents the particle size grade of the building solid waste. 表 4 不同颗粒深度时建筑废弃颗粒横向应力
${\sigma _{xx}}$ 对比Table 4. Comparison of transverse stress
${\sigma _{xx}}$ of building waste particles at different particle depths40 mm 60 mm 80 mm 1-WBP-4.75 0.167$Q$ 0.157$Q$ 0.147$Q$ 1-WBP-2.36 0.174$Q$ 0.163$Q$ 0.152$Q$ 1-WBP-1.18 0.191$Q$ 0.176$Q$ 0.163$Q$ 1-WBP-0.60 0.205$Q$ 0.186$Q$ 0.169$Q$ 1-WCP-4.75 0.151$Q$ 0.143$Q$ 0.135$Q$ 1-WCP-2.36 0.166$Q$ 0.156$Q$ 0.146$Q$ 1-WCP-1.18 0.173$Q$ 0.161$Q$ 0.151$Q$ 1-WCP-0.60 0.192$Q$ 0.176$Q$ 0.161$Q$ Note: Q—Vertical load strength. 表 5 单层玄武岩纤维平纹织物约束废弃砖渣颗粒平台应力与压实应变
Table 5. Plateau stress and compaction strain of waste brick particles constrained by single-layer basalt fiber plain woven fabric
Particle size grade/mm 0.60 1.18 2.36 4.75 Plateau stress/MPa 1.26 1.08 0.99 0.87 Densification strain 0.29 0.31 0.30 0.31 -
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