碳纤维增强环氧树脂复合材料-铝合金短柱力学性能

郭小农; 王丽; 罗永峰; 徐航; 邹家敏

doi:10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20200806.001

碳纤维增强环氧树脂复合材料-铝合金短柱力学性能

doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20200806.001

同济大学　土木工程学院，上海 200092

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(51878473)

详细信息

通讯作者:
徐航，硕士，研究方向为铝合金结构　E-mail：xhtongji@163.com

中图分类号: TB333
计量
- 文章访问数: 1800
- HTML全文浏览量: 642
- PDF下载量: 151
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-05-21
- 录用日期: 2020-07-24
- 网络出版日期: 2020-08-06
- 刊出日期: 2021-04-08

Mechanical properties of carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composite-aluminium alloy stub column

College of Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China

摘要

摘要: 碳纤维增强环氧树脂复合材料-铝合金 (CFRP-Al)短柱轻质高强，具有良好延性，在大跨空间结构中具有广阔的应用前景，然而国内外对其受力性能的研究目前几乎处于空白状态。为此，本文对CFRP-Al短柱进行了理论分析、试验研究和数值模拟。推导得到了CFRP-Al短柱的等效工程弹性常数；进行了6根短柱轴压试验，得到了其轴压承载力和破坏模式；根据弹性力学推导得到了试件的荷载-压缩变形曲线，理论曲线与试验曲线吻合良好；建立了两种有限元模型—逐层精细化模型和整体等效简化模型，并将两种数值模型结果与试验结果对比，结果表明，两种数值模型均能很好地模拟CFRP-Al短柱的轴压性能。
- 碳纤维 /
- 铝合金 /
- 叠层复合材料 /
- 理论分析 /
- 数值模拟 /
- 力学性能
Abstract: Carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composite-aluminium alloy (CFRP-Al) stub column has the characteristics of lightweight, high strength and good ductility, showing a promising application prospect in long-span space structures. However, the research on its mechanical properties is basically in a blank state at home and abroad. For this reason, the theoretical analysis, experimental and numerical researches on CFRP-Al stub column were carried out in this paper. The equivalent elastic constants of CFRP-Al stub column were derived. The axial compression tests of six stub columns were completed and the axial bearing capacity and the failure mode of the short columns were obtained. The load-displacement curves calculated by the theory of elasticity show a good agreement with the test curves. Two numerical models, the layer-by-layer refinement model and the overall equivalent simplified model, were established using ABAQUS. The results of the two numerical models were compared with the experimental results. The comparison shows that both numerical models can well simulate the axial compression performance of CFRP-Al stub columns.
- carbon fiber /
- aluminum alloy /
- laminated composites /
- theoretical analysis /
- numerical simulation /
- mechanical properties

HTML全文

图 1 碳纤维增强环氧树脂复合材料-铝合金(CFRP-Al)型材制作过程

Figure 1. Manufacturing process of carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composites-aluminium alloy (CFRP-Al) profile

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 CFRP-Al短柱截面

Figure 2. CFRP-Al short column section

EP—Epoxy resin

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 CFRP-Al试件应变测点布置图

Figure 3. Arrangement of measuring points for CFRP-Al specimens

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 盖板示意图

Figure 4. Schematic diagram of cover plate

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 试验加载装置

Figure 5. Test loading device

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 CFRP-Al试件破坏照片

Figure 6. Failure photographs of CFRP-Al specimens

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 CFRP-Al试件典型破坏

Figure 7. Typical failure of CFRP-Al specimens

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 CFRP-Al复合材料叠层短柱荷载-压缩变形曲线

Figure 8. Load-compression deformation curves of CFRP-Al composite stub column

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 9 CFRP-Al短柱曲线预测

Figure 9. Prediction of CFRP-Al short column curve

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 10 CFRP-Al试件理论荷载-变形曲线和试验曲线对比

Figure 10. Comparison between theoretical load-compression deformation curve and test curve of CFRP-Al short column

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 11 CFRP-Al数值模型部件图及装配图

Figure 11. Component and assembly drawing of CFRP-Al numerical model

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 12 CFRP-Al模型的边界条件

Figure 12. Boundary conditions of CFRP-Al model

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 13 CFRP-Al短柱有限元模型变形图

Figure 13. Deformation diagram of CFRP-Al short column finite element model

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 14 CFRP-Al叠层复合材料短柱荷载-位移曲线对比

Figure 14. Load-displacement curve comparison of CFRP-Al short column curve

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 15 逐层精细化模型极限荷载时应力分布图

Figure 15. Stress distribution diagram of layer by layer refined model under ultimate load

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 16 等效简化模型极限荷载时应力分布图

Figure 16. Stress distribution diagram of equivalent simplified model under ultimate load

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 CFRP-Al短柱编号及规格

Table 1. Number and specification of CFRP-Al short column

Number	Height/mm	Section(measured nominal size)
60-A	60	90×37.5×35.5×5.8×6.7
60-B	60	90×37.5×35.8×5.5×6.5
70-A	70	90×37.5×35.5×6.0×6.7
70-B	70	90×37.5×35.8×5.6×6.5
80-A	80	90×37.5×35.5×5.7×6.8
80-B	80	90×37.5×35.8×5.6×6.5
Notes: H-section specification H×B₁×B₂×t_w×t_f—Hight of the section, the width of the upper flange, the width of the lower flange, the thickness of the flange and the thickness of the web correspondingly.

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 CFRP-Al铺层属性及相关参数

Table 2. Layer properties and related parameters of CFRP-Al

Order	Material	Angle/(°)	Thickness/mm	Order	Material	Angle/(°)	Thickness/mm
1	CFRP	41.08	0.09	48	EP	0	0.08
2	EP	0	0.08	49	CFRP	−23.59	0.09
3	Al	0	0.02	50	EP	0	0.08
4	EP	0	0.08	51	Al	0	0.02
5	CFRP	27.95	0.09	52	EP	0	0.08
6	EP	0	0.08	53	CFRP	−26.45	0.09
7	Al	0	0.02	54	EP	0	0.08
8	EP	0	0.08	55	Al	0	0.02
9	CFRP	26.45	0.09	56	EP	0	0.08
10	EP	0	0.08	57	CFRP	−27.95	0.09
11	Al	0	0.02	58	EP	0	0.08
12	EP	0	0.08	59	Al	0	0.02
13	CFRP	23.59	0.09	60	EP	0	0.08
14	EP	0	0.08	61	CFRP	−41.08	0.09
15	Al	0	0.02	62	EP	0	0.08
16	EP	0	0.08	63	Al	0	0.02
17	CFRP	41.08	0.09	64	EP	0	0.08
18	EP	0	0.08	65	CFRP	−23.59	0.09
19	Al	0	0.02	66	EP	0	0.08
20	EP	0	0.08	67	Al	0	0.02
21	CFRP	27.95	0.09	68	EP	0	0.08
22	EP	0	0.08	69	CFRP	−26.45	0.09
23	Al	0	0.02	70	EP	0	0.08
24	EP	0	0.08	71	Al	0	0.02
25	CFRP	26.45	0.09	72	EP	0	0.08
26	EP	0	0.08	73	CFRP	−27.95	0.09
27	Al	0	0.02	74	EP	0	0.08
28	EP	0	0.08	75	Al	0	0.02
29	CFRP	23.59	0.09	76	EP	0	0.08
30	EP	0	0.08	77	CFRP	−41.08	0.09
31	Al	0	0.02	78	EP	0	0.08
32	EP	0	0.08	79	Al	0	0.02
33	CFRP	41.08	0.09	80	EP	0	0.08
34	EP	0	0.08	81	CFRP	−23.59	0.09
35	Al	0	0.02	82	EP	0	0.08
36	EP	0	0.08	83	Al	0	0.02
37	CFRP	27.95	0.09	84	EP	0	0.08
38	EP	0	0.08	85	CFRP	−26.45	0.09
39	Al	0	0.02	86	EP	0	0.08
40	EP	0	0.08	87	Al	0	0.02
41	CFRP	26.45	0.09	88	EP	0	0.08
42	EP	0	0.08	89	CFRP	−27.95	0.09
43	Al	0	0.02	90	EP	0	0.08
44	EP	0	0.08	91	Al	0	0.02
45	CFRP	23.59	0.09	92	EP	0	0.08
46	EP	0	0.08	93	CFRP	−41.08	0.09
47	Al	0	0.5

下载: 导出CSV

表 3 CFRP-Al复合材料叠层短柱试验结果

Table 3. Test results of CFRP-Al composite stub column

Number	A/mm²	F_T/kN	σ_T/MPa	d_p/mm	d_u/mm	Data validity	ρ/(g·cm⁻³)
60-A	951.56	175.20	184.12	2.19	2.27	Valid	1.31
60-B	880.13	186.50	211.90	2.03	2.31	Valid	1.40
70-A	952.28	192.80	208.37	2.23	2.28	Valid	1.31
70-B	926.53	183.64	198.20	1.93	2.01	Valid	1.35
80-A	939.81	171.90	182.92	1.55	6.18	Valid	1.33
80-B	915.66	156.35	170.75	7.53	9.73	Invalid	1.36
Average	930.06	182.01	197.10	1.99	—	—	1.34
Notes：A—Nominal section area of the specimen; F_T and σ_T—Peak load and peak stress of tests, respectively; d_p and d_u—Peak displacement and ultimate displacement, respectively; ρ—Density of the specimen.

下载: 导出CSV

表 4 材料力学性能

Table 4. Mechanical properties

Material	E₁/GPa	E₂/GPa	$\nu $	G₁₂/GPa	f /MPa	f_0.1/MPa	f_0.2/MPa
CFRP T800H/HT-280	157	9.1	0.38	4.8	2386	—	—
Aluminum alloy 1070	65.7	65.7	0.3	252.69	—	50	55
Epoxy resin	2	—	0.38	—	100	—	—
Notes：E₁ and E₂—Axial modulus of elasticity and transverse modulus of elasticity, respectively; $\nu $—Poisson’s ratio; G₁₂—Shear modulus; f—Tensile strength; f_0.1 and f_0.2—Stress corresponding to 0.1% and 0.2% residual strain, respectively.

下载: 导出CSV

表 5 CFRP-Al试件极限承载力对比

Table 5. Comparison of ultimate bearing capacity of CFRP-Al specimens

Number	F_T/kN	F_FE/kN	e_r/%
60-A	175.20	185.65	5.96
60-B	186.50	185.65	−0.46
70-A	192.80	181.89	−5.66
70-B	183.64	181.89	−0.95
80-A	171.90	179.14	4.21
80-B	156.35	179.14	14.58
Notes：F_T and F_FE —Ultimate bearing capacity of tests and refined finite element models, respectively; e_r—Relative error between test results and numerical results.

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(24)

[1]	BELLINI C, DI COCCO V, IACOVIELLO F, et al. Performance evaluation of CFRP/Al fibre metal laminates with different structural characteristics[J]. Composite Structures,2019,225(10):111117.
[2]	LIU D F, TANG Y J, CONG W L. A review of mechanical drilling for composite laminates[J]. Composite Structures,2012,94(4):1265-1279. doi: 10.1016/j.compstruct.2011.11.024
[3]	CHAI G B, MANIKANDAN P. Low velocity impact response of fibre-metal laminates-A review[J]. Composite Structures,2014,107:363-381. doi: 10.1016/j.compstruct.2013.08.003
[4]	GENG D, LIU Y, SHAO Z, et al. Delamination formation, evaluation and suppression during drilling of composite laminates: A review[J]. Composite Structures,2019,216(5):168-186.
[5]	BOTELHO E C, SILVA R A, PARDINI L C, et al. A review on the development and properties of continuous ﬁber/epoxy/aluminum hybrid composites for aircraft structures[J]. Materials Research,2006,9(3):247-256. doi: 10.1590/S1516-14392006000300002
[6]	ZHAO X L, ZHANG L. State-of-the-art review on FRP strengthened steel structures[J]. Engineering Structures,2007,29(8):1808-1823. doi: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2006.10.006
[7]	FENG P, LOUGHERY, et al. Mechanical behavior and design of FRP structural members at high and low service temperatures[J]. Journal of Composites for Construction,2016,20(5):04016021.
[8]	JIA J, CHEN J, ZHOU H, et al. Comparative investigation on the wear and transfer behaviors of carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites under dry sliding and water lubrication[J]. Composites Science & Technology,2005,65(7):1139-1147.
[9]	WANG J, GU M. Wear properties and mechanisms of nylon and carbon-fiber-reinforced nylon in dry and wet conditions[J]. Journal of Applied Polymer Science,2004,93(2):789-795. doi: 10.1002/app.20483
[10]	JACOB G C, STARBUCK J M, FELLERS J F, et al. Crashworthiness of various random chopped carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composite materials and their strain rate dependence[J]. Journal of Applied Polymer Science,2006,101(3):1477-1486. doi: 10.1002/app.24224
[11]	BANK L C. Flexural and shear moduli of full-section fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) pultruded beams[J]. Journal of Testing and Evaluation,1989,6(2):40-45.
[12]	HERAKOVICH C T, MIRZADEH F. Properties of pultruded graphite/epoxy[J]. Journal of Reinforced Plastic and Composites,1991,10:2-28. doi: 10.1177/073168449101000101
[13]	BARBERO E J, SONTI S S. Material characterization of pultruded laminates and shapes[J]. Journal of Reinforced Plastic and Composites,1996,15:701-717. doi: 10.1177/073168449601500705
[14]	ZUREICK A, SCOTT D. Short-term behavior and design of fiber-reinforced polymeric slender members underaxial compression[J]. Journal of Composites for Construction, ASCE,1997,1(4):140-149. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0268(1997)1:4(140)
[15]	GUADES E, ARAVINTHAN T, ISLAM M M. Characterisation of the mechanical properties of pultruded fibre-reinforced polymer tube[J]. Material and Design,2014,63:305-315. doi: 10.1016/j.matdes.2014.06.018
[16]	杨婷慧. 铝镁叠层复合材料力学性能计算与轧制复合工艺[D]. 南京: 南京理工大学, 2010. YANG Tinghui. Calculation of mechanical properties and rolling composite process of aluminum magnesium laminated composite[D]. Nanjing: Nanjing University of Technology, 2010(in Chinese).
[17]	金明江. 叠层阻尼功能复合材料的制备和性能研究[D]. 镇江: 江苏大学, 2005. JIN Mingjiang. Preparation and properties of laminated damping functional composites[D]. Zhenjiang: Jiangsu University, 2005(in Chinese).
[18]	隋国鑫. 周本镰. 郑宗光, 等. 维尼纶增强铝合金叠层板(VIRALL)一种新型超混杂复合材料[J]. 材料科学进展, 1993, 17(4):365-367. SUI Guoxin, ZHOU Benlian, ZHENG Zongguang, et al. Vigny fiber reinforced aluminum alloy laminated plate (VIRALL), a new type of super hybrid composite[J]. Progress in Materials Science,1993,17(4):365-367(in Chinese).
[19]	CORTES P, CANTWELL W J. The prediction of tensile failure in titanium-based thermoplastic fiber-metal laminates[J]. Composites Science and Technology,2006,66(13):2306-2316. doi: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2005.11.031
[20]	解江, 张雪晗, 宋山山, 等. CFRP薄壁C型柱轴向压缩破坏机制及吸能特性[J]. 复合材料学报, 2018, 35(12):3261-3270. XIE Jiang, ZHANG Xuehan, SONG Shanshan, et al. Failure mechanism and energy-absorbing characteristics of CFRP thin-walled C-channels subject to axial compression[J]. Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica,2018,35(12):3261-3270(in Chinese).
[21]	李峰, 刘加顺, 张恒铭. 复合材料圆柱壳的轴压屈曲失效试验[J]. 复合材料学报, 2016, 33(7):1469-1477. LI Feng, LIU Jiashun, ZHANG Hengming. Experiments on the buckling behavior of composite cylindrical shells subject to axial compression[J]. Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica,2016,33(7):1469-1477(in Chinese).
[22]	李伟东, 张金栋, 刘刚, 等. 国产T800碳纤维/双马来酰亚胺复合材料的界面及力学性能[J]. 复合材料学报, 2016, 33(7):1484-1491. LI Weidong, ZHANG Jindong, LIU Gang, et al. Interfacial and mechanical properties of domestic T800 carbon fiber/bismaleimide composites[J]. Acta Materiae Compo-sitae Sinica,2016,33(7):1484-1491(in Chinese).
[23]	沈观林, 胡更开. 复合材料力学[M]. 北京: 清华大学出版社, 2006. SHEN Guanlin, HU Gengkai. Composite mechanics[M]. Beijing: Tsinghua University Press, 2006(in Chinese).
[24]	石亦平, 周玉蓉. ABAQUS有限元分析实例详解[M]. 北京: 机械工业出版社, 2006. SHI Yiping, ZHOU Yurong. Detailed explanation of ABAQUS finite element analysis examples[M]. Beijing: China Machine Press, 2006(in Chinese).