Preparation and properties of modified soy protein-bacterial cellulose composites for air filtration
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摘要: 采用大豆蛋白和细菌纤维素(BC)为原材料，制备环保型空气过滤复合材料，用于过滤污染空气。首先，采用Nagano法对大豆蛋白进行提纯和成分分离，得到溶解度较高的7S和11S成分。然后，用丙烯酸对大豆分离蛋白(SPI)、7S和11S进行改性处理，使埋藏于大豆蛋白内部的官能团充分暴露。最后，将处理后的大豆蛋白与BC复合，制备出改性大豆蛋白-BC (MSPI-BC、M7S-BC和M11S-BC)复合材料。评估了改性大豆蛋白-BC复合材料的微观形貌及其对污染空气的过滤效率、吸附性能和透气性等。结果表明，MSPI在BC中分布极为不均匀，在多处产生聚集；而M7S和M11S蛋白均匀包覆在BC表面，无聚集现象。MSPI-BC、M7S-BC和M11S-BC复合材料对PM2.5的过滤效率分别为73.07%±0.02%、82.13%±0.01%和85.44%±0.02%。与MSPI-BC复合材料相比，M7S-BC和M11S-BC复合材料对空气中颗粒污染物的吸附量更大。本文制备出的改性大豆蛋白-BC复合材料结构稳定，具有较高的过滤效率，且环保无污染，在空气过滤领域有广阔的应用价值。Abstract: Environmentally-friendly air filtration composite materials were prepared to filter polluted air using soybean protein and bacterial cellulose (BC) as raw materials. 7S and 11S with high solubility were firstly obtained through purification and separation of soy protein by adopting Nagano. Thereafter, soy protein isolate (SPI), 7S and 11S were treated with acrylic acid to unfold the polypeptide chains. Finally, modified soy protein-BC (MSPI-BC, M7S-BC and M11S-BC) composites were prepared by adding soy protein treated with acrylic acid to BC. Besides, the morphology, air filtration efficiency, adsorption capacity and air penetration of the modified soy protein-BC composites were evaluated. The results show that MSPI unevenly distributes in BC, aggregating on the surface of BC fibers. While M7S and M11S uniformly cover on the surface of BC fibers, without aggregation. The air filtration efficiency of MSPI-BC, M7S-BC and M11S-BC composites for particulate pollutants is 73.07%±0.02%, 82.13%±0.01% and 85.44%±0.02%, respectively. Moreover, M7S-BC and M11S-BC composites adsorb more particulate pollutants than MSPI-BC composite. The prepared modified soy protein-BC composites in this study own stable structure and high air filtration efficiency, and they are environmentally-friendly, thus being potential to be used in the field of air filtration.
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Key words:
- soy protein /
- bacterial cellulose /
- acrylic acid /
- air filtration /
- adsorption capability
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图 1 改性大豆蛋白(MSPI、M7S和M11S)-细菌纤维素(BC)复合材料通过高活性纤维表面过滤空气污染物示意图
Figure 1. Schematic of modified soy protein (MSPI, M7S and M11S)-bacterial cellulose (BC) composites capturing pollutants via highly active fiber surface
图 2 检测设备示意图: (a)吸附性测试; (b)过滤效率测试;(c)透气性测试
Figure 2. Schematic of testing procedures: (a) adsorption capacity test; (b) air filtration efficiency test; (c) air penetration test
图 3 丙烯酸处理前后大豆蛋白溶液的照片
Figure 3. Photographs of acrylic acid treated and non-treated soy protein solution
图 4 丙烯酸改性前后大豆蛋白的FTIR图谱
Figure 4. FTIR spectra of soy protein before and after denaturation in acrylic acid
图 5 丙烯酸改性前后大豆蛋白的Zeta电位
Figure 5. Zeta potential of soy protein solution before and after acrylic acid treatment
图 6 过丙烯酸改性大豆蛋白-BC复合材料的SEM图像
Figure 6. SEM images of acrylic acid modified soy protein-BC composites
图 7 丙烯酸改性大豆蛋白-BC复合材料的吸附性能
Figure 7. Absorption capacity of acrylic acid modified soy protein-BC composites
图 8 过滤测试后丙烯酸改性大豆蛋白-BC复合材料的SEM图像
Figure 8. SEM images of acrylic acid modified soy protein-BC composites after filtration test
图 9 过滤测试前后丙烯酸改性大豆蛋白-BC的FTIR图谱
Figure 9. FTIR spectra of acrylic acid modified soy protein-BC composites before and after filtration testing
表 1 改性大豆蛋白-BC复合材料配比
Table 1. Proportion of modified soy protein-BC composites
Sample Soy protein/wt% BC/wt% MSPI-BC 7.41 92.59 M7S-BC 44.44 55.56 M11S-BC 44.44 55.56 
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表 2 丙烯酸改性大豆蛋白-BC复合材料的空气过滤效率和透气性
Table 2. Air filtration efficiency and penetration rate of acrylic acid modified soy protein-BC composites
Sample Air filtration efficiency/% Penetration rate/% Areal density/
(g·m−2)MSPI-BC 73.07±0.02 65.42±0.30 103±5 M7S-BC 82.13±0.01 64.72±0.30 105±5 M11S-BC 85.44±0.02 67.50±0.40 98±4
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