SiC颗粒增强铝基复合材料的纯铜中间层液相扩散焊

廖先金; 连晨姿; 张贵锋

doi:10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20200703.001

SiC颗粒增强铝基复合材料的纯铜中间层液相扩散焊

doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20200703.001

廖先金^{1, 2, ,},
连晨姿^1,,
张贵锋^2,

1.
江西省科学院　江西省铜钨新材料重点实验室，南昌 330029
2.
西安交通大学　材料科学与工程学院　金属材料强度国家重点实验室，西安 710049

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(50875199)；江西省重点研发计划一般项目(20202BBE53010)；江西省科学院青年科技创新项目(2014-XTPH2-05)

详细信息

通讯作者:
廖先金，博士，助理研究员，研究方向为钎焊、扩散焊与喷涂　E-mail：liaoxj1987@sina.com

中图分类号: TB331；TG40
计量
- 文章访问数: 1117
- HTML全文浏览量: 404
- PDF下载量: 57
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-04-27
- 录用日期: 2020-06-22
- 网络出版日期: 2020-07-03
- 刊出日期: 2021-02-15

Liquid phase diffusion bonding for SiC particles reinforced aluminum matrix composites using pure copper inter-layer

LIAO Xianjin^{1, 2
, ,},
LIAN Chenzi^1
,,
ZHANG Guifeng^2
,

1.
Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Copper and Tungsten Materials, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang 330029, China
2.
State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China

摘要

摘要: 采用Cu箔中间层在Ar气氛保护、550℃条件下过渡液相扩散焊(TLP)焊接SiC颗粒(SiC_P)增强Al基复合材料SiC_P/ZL101和SiC_P/Al (SiC_P 10vol%)，对母材与焊接接头的微观组织、剪切强度、焊接接头剪切断面与断裂路径等进行分析。结果表明：在铸Al(ZL101)与纯Al(Al)基体中，分别通过共晶温度较低的Al-Si-Cu(524℃)三元共晶反应与Al-Cu(548℃)二元共晶反应实现中间层金属/基体金属(M/M)界面润湿。其中铸Al基体焊接接头中虽有颗粒偏聚，但由于Al-Si-Cu三元共晶反应的Cu含量(26.7wt%)低于Al-Cu二元共晶反应的Cu含量(33wt%)，SiC_P/ZL101焊接接头焊缝中CuAl₂相少于SiC_P/Al焊接接头焊缝中的CuAl₂相，且未出现CuAl₂相的聚集，故其强度较高。Cu中间层形成的金属间化合物CuAl₂相是影响焊接接头力学性能的重要因素，两种复合材料焊接接头的剪切强度分别为85.4 MPa和73 MPa。
- 过渡液相扩散焊 /
- 铝基复合材料 /
- SiC颗粒增强 /
- 铝合金 /
- 铜 /
- 焊接
Abstract: The SiC particles (SiC_P) reinforced Al composites of SiC_P/ZL101 and SiC_P/Al with 10vol% of SiC_P were welded using Cu inter-layer under argon atmosphere at 550℃ by transient liquid phase diffusion bonding(TLP). The microstructure, shear strength, surface morphology of shear fracture and fracture path of the welded joints were analyzed. The results show that the Cu inter-layer is useful for the wetting of interface between the inter-layer metal and matrix by eutectic reaction of Al-Si-Cu (524℃) and Al-Cu (548℃) at eutectic temperature in the cast Al (ZL101) and pure Al (Al) matrix. Although some particles are gathered in the welded joints of cast Al matrix, the Cu content of the ternary eutectic reaction of Al-Si-Cu is 26.7wt%, which is lower than that of the binary eutectic reaction of Al-Cu (33wt%). Therefore it causes less CuAl₂ phase without aggregation in the welded joints of SiC_P/ZL101, which results in higher shear strength for the welded joints. While the intermetallic compound of CuAl₂ phase remained in the welded joints has an important effect on the mechanical properties of the welded joints. The shear strength of the two composite joints are 85.4 MPa and 73 MPa, respectively.
- transient liquid phase diffusion bonding /
- Al matrix composite /
- SiC particle reinforced /
- aluminum alloy /
- Cu /
- welding

HTML全文

图 1 SiC颗粒(SiC_P)/ZL101和SiC_P/Al的背散射电子(BSE)图像

Figure 1. Backscattered electron (BSE) images of SiC particles (SiC_P)/ZL101 and SiC_P/Al

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 ZL101基体微观组织的BSE图像

Figure 2. BSE images of microstructure of ZL101 matrix

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 Cu箔中间层过渡液相扩散焊(TLP)焊接SiC_P/ZL101的焊接接头微观组织

Figure 3. Microstructure of SiC_P/ZL101 welded joint for Cu foil layer by transient liquid phase (TLP) bonding

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 Cu箔中间层TLP焊接SiC_P/Al的焊接接头组织

Figure 4. Microstructure of SiC_P/Al welded joint for Cu foil layer by TLP bonding

P/M—Particle/metal

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 Cu箔中间层TLP焊接复合材料SiC_P/ZL101和SiC_p/Al 焊接接头与母材的剪切强度

Figure 5. Shear strengths of welded joints of SiC_P/ZL101 and SiC_P/Al using Cu foil layer by TLP bonding

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 Cu箔中间层TLP焊接SiC_P/ZL101焊接接头的剪切断口形貌

Figure 6. Surface morphologies of shear fracture of SiC_P/ZL101 welded joint using Cu foil layer by TLP bonding

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 Cu箔中间层TLP焊接SiC_P/ZL101焊接接头的断裂路径

Figure 7. Shear fracture path of SiC_P/ZL101 welded joint using Cu foil layer by TLP bonding

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 Cu箔中间层TLP焊接SiC_P/Al焊接接头的剪切断口形貌

Figure 8. Surface morphologies of shear fracture of SiC_P/Al welded joint using Cu foil layer by TLP bonding

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 9 Cu箔中间层TLP焊接SiC_P/Al焊接接头的断裂路径

Figure 9. Shear fracture path of SiC_P/Al welded joint using Cu foil layer by TLP bonding

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

参考文献(50)

[1]	SURAPPA M K. Aluminum matrix composite: Challenge and opportunities[J]. Sadhana,2003,28(1-2):319-334. doi: 10.1007/BF02717141
[2]	NAM T H, REQUENA G, DEGISCHER P. Thermal expansion behaviour of aluminum matrix composites with densely packed SiC particles[J]. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing,2008,39:856-865. doi: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2008.01.011
[3]	王荣国, 武卫莉. 复合材料概论[M]. 哈尔滨: 哈尔滨工业大学出版社, 2004: 1-8. WANG R G, WU W L. Introduction of composite materials[M]. Harbin: Press of Harbin Institute of Technology, 2014: 1-8(in Chinese).
[4]	吴瑞瑞, 丁福帅, 李秋书, 等. 球磨-转喷微注法制备纳米 Al₂O₃颗粒/Al(7075)复合材料的组织及磨损特性[J]. 复合材料学报, 2020, 37(10):2512-2517. WU R R, DING F S, LI Q S, et al. Microstructure and wear properties of nano-Al₂O_3P/Al(7075) composites fabricated by ball milling-spray-stirring process[J]. Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica,2020,37(10):2512-2517(in Chinese).
[5]	雷宗坤, 赵卫星, 于成龙, 等. SiCP表面镀Ti改性对SiC_P/Al2014复合材料组织及力学性能的影响[J]. 复合材料学报, 2016, 33(10):2261-2269. LEI Z K, ZHAO W X, YU C L, et al. Effects of Ticoated SiCP oN structures and mechanical properties of SiCp/Al2014 composites[J]. Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica,2016,33(10):2261-2269(in Chinese).
[6]	谢瑞, 李萍, 薛克敏, 等. 高压扭转对SiC_P/Al复合材料微观组织和力学性能的影响[J]. 复合材料学报, 2017, 34(5):1016-1022. XIE R, LI P, XUE K M, et al. Influence of high pressure torsion on microstructure and mechanical properties of SiC_P/Al composites[J]. Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica,2017,34(5):1016-1022(in Chinese).
[7]	孔德昊, 左孝青, 卢锴, 等. 原位合成TiB₂/ZL205A复合材料的组织及流动性[J]. 复合材料学报, 2017, 34(8):1788-1793. KONG D H, ZUO X Q, LU K, et al. Microstructure and fluidity of in-situ TiB2/Zl205A composites[J]. Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica,2017,34(8):1788-1793(in Chinese).
[8]	吴瑞瑞, 李秋书, 郭璐, 等. 原位合成TiC/Al(7075)复合材料的组织及力学性能[J]. 复合材料学报, 2017, 34(6):1334-1339. WU R R, LI Q S, GUO L, et al. Microstructure and mechanical properties of TiC/Al(7075) composites fabricated by in situ reaction[J]. Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica,2017,34(6):1334-1339(in Chinese).
[9]	PALT K. Joining of aluminium metal matrix composites[J]. Materials and Manufacturing Processes,2005,20(4):717-726. doi: 10.1081/AMP-200055116
[10]	CHENG H J, YAO J F, YANG Z W, WANG Y, and XIAO B. Structure and composition of oxide film on 5083 alloy at brazing temperature[J]. Journal of Materials Science & Technology,2015,31(11):1282-1287.
[11]	WANG P, GAO Z, NIU J T. Micro-nano filler metal foil on vacuum brazing of SiCP/Al composites[J]. Applied Physics A,2016,122:592-594. doi: 10.1007/s00339-016-0110-z
[12]	CHEN S J, WEI M Q, ZHAO P F. Study on microstructure and property of aluminum matrix composites SiC_P/Al6063 vacuum brazing joint with different holding time[J]. Transactions of the China Welding Institution,2015,36(10):87-90.
[13]	曹金营, 曹贺, 欧阳求保, 等. 多道次搅拌摩擦加工对 SiC_P/2A14 复合材料显微组织和力学性能的影响[J]. 复合材料学报, 2020, 37(11):2861-2869. CAO J Y, CAO H, OUYANG Q B, et al. Effect of multi-pass friction stir processing on microstructure and mechanical properties of SiC_P/2A14 composites[J]. Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica,2020,37(11):2861-2869(in Chinese).
[14]	SALIH O S, OU H, SUN W, et al. A review of friction stir welding of aluminium matrix composites[J]. Materials & Design,2015,86(5):61-71.
[15]	ZHANG G, WEI Z, CHEN B, et al. Abnormal transient liquid phase bondability of high-volume fraction SiC particle-reinforced A356 composite for Cu interlayer and the interlayer improvement routes[J]. Journal of Materials Engineering & Performance,2017,26:5921-5937.
[16]	ZHANG G F, SU W, SUZUMURA A. Active transient liquid phase(A-TLP) bonding of pure aluminum matrix compo-site reinforced with short alumina fiber using Al-12Si-xTi foils as active interlayer[J]. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B,2016,47(3):1-14.
[17]	ZHANG G F, CHEN B, JIN M Z, et al. Active-transient liquid phase (A-TLP) bonding of high volume fraction SiC particle reinforced A356[J]. Matrix Composite, Materials Transactions,2015,56(2):212-217.
[18]	YARAHMADI M, SHAMANIAN M, SALIMIH R J, et al. Hosh-yarmanesh, transient liquid phase diffusion bonding of Al/Al₂O₃ nanostructured metal matrix composites[J]. Science and Technology of Welding and Joining,2014,19(7):603-608. doi: 10.1179/1362171814Y.0000000231
[19]	ROY P, PAL T K, MAITY J. Transient liquid phase diffusion bonding of 6061Al-15wt% SiC_P composite using mixed Cu-Ag powder interlayer[J]. Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance,2016,25(8):3518-3530. doi: 10.1007/s11665-016-2165-6
[20]	WANG P, XU D X, CHENG D F, et al. Active brazing filler metal on SiC particle reinforced aluminium matrix composites[J]. Science and Technology of Welding and Joining,2015,20(5):361-370. doi: 10.1179/1362171815Y.0000000024
[21]	ELLIS M B D. Joining of aluminum based metal matrix composites[J]. International Materials Reviews,1996,41(2):41-58. doi: 10.1179/imr.1996.41.2.41
[22]	MURATOGLU M, YILMAZ O, AKSOY M. Investigation on diffusion bonding characteristics of aluminum metal matrix composites(Al/SiC_P) with pure aluminum for different heat treatments[J]. Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2006,178:211-217. doi: 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2006.03.168
[23]	WERT J A. Microstructures of friction stir weld joints between an aluminium base metal matrix composite and a monolithic aluminium alloy[J]. Scripta Materialia,2003,49:607-612. doi: 10.1016/S1359-6462(03)00215-X
[24]	FEMANDEZ G J, MURR L E. Characterization of tool wear and weld optimization in the friction-stir welding of cast aluminum 359+20% SiC metal-matrix composite[J]. Materials Characterization,2004,52:65-75. doi: 10.1016/j.matchar.2004.03.004
[25]	HUSEYIN U. Friction stir welding of SiC particulate reinforced AA2124 aluminium alloy matrix composite[J]. Materials and Design,2007,28:1440-1446. doi: 10.1016/j.matdes.2006.03.023
[26]	GALE W F, BUTTS D A. Transient liquid phase bonding[J]. Science and Technology of Welding and Joining,2004,9(4):283-300. doi: 10.1179/136217104225021724
[27]	ZHANG G F, SU W, GUO Y, et al. Development of three kinds of active ternary filler metals of Al-Si-Ti, Zn-Al-Ti and Cu-Al-Ti systems for Al metal matrix composites[J]. China Welding,2011,20(2):73-80.
[28]	张贵锋, 廖先金, 张建勋. 铝基复合材料的原位强化活性液相扩散焊方法及其所用的Al-Cu-Ti系三元活性钎料: 中国, ZL 201110356359.9[P]. 2012-06-13. ZHANG G F, LIAO X J, ZHANG J X. In situ reinforced reactive liquid phase diffusion welding method for aluminum matrix composites and its use of Al-Cu-Ti series three active solder: China, ZL 201110356359.9[P]. 2012-06-13(in Chinese).
[29]	ZHANG G F, LIAO X J, CHEN B, et al. Approach to In situ producing reinforcing phase within active-transient liquid phase bond seam for aluminum matrix composite[J]. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A,2015,46(6):2568-2578. doi: 10.1007/s11661-015-2821-8
[30]	张贵锋, 廖先金, 陈博, 等. SiC_P/ZL101铝基复合材料的原位强化活性液相扩散焊方法(In situ A-TLP)[J]. 焊接, 2014, 1:18-21. ZHANG G F, LIAO X J, CHEN B, et al. In situ active transient liquid phase(In situ A-TLP) bonding of SiC_P/ZL101 aluminum metal matrix composite[J]. Welding & Joining,2014,1:18-21(in Chinese).
[31]	ASKEW J R, WILDE J F, KHAN T I. Transient liquid phase bonding of 2124 aluminum metal-matrix composite[J]. Materials Science and Technology,1998,14(10):920-924.
[32]	SUZUMURA A, XING Y J. Diffusion brazing of short Al₂O₃ fiber-reinforced aluminum composite[J]. Materials Transaction, JIM,1996,37(5):1109-1115. doi: 10.2320/matertrans1989.37.1109
[33]	LI Z, ZHOU Y, NORTH T H. Counteraction of particulate segregation during transient liquid-phase bonding of aluminium-based MMC material[J]. Journal of Materials Science,1995,30(4):1075-1082. doi: 10.1007/BF01178448
[34]	XU Z W, YAN J C, WU G H. Interface structure and strength of ultrasonic vibration liquid phase bonded joints of Al₂O_3P/6061Al composites[J]. Scripta Materialia,2005,53(7):835-839. doi: 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2005.06.009
[35]	刘卫红, 孙大谦, 贾树盛, 等. 铝基复合材料的Al-Cu合金中间层瞬间液相扩散连接[J]. 焊接学报, 2003, 24(5):13-16. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0253-360X.2003.05.004 LIU W H, SUN D Q, JIA S S, et al. Transient liquid phase bonding of aluminium-based metal matrix composite with Al-Cu alloy interlayer[J]. Transactions of the China Welding Institution,2003,24(5):13-16(in Chinese). doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0253-360X.2003.05.004
[36]	WEMG W P, CHUANG T H. Interfacial characteristics for brazing of aluminum matrix composites with Al-12Si filler metals[J]. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A,1997,28(12):2673-2682. doi: 10.1007/s11661-997-0024-7
[37]	YAN J C, XU Z W, WU G H. Interface structure and mechanical performance of TLP bonded joints of Al₂O₃/6061Al composites using Cu/Ni composite interlayers[J]. Scripta Materialia,2004,51(2):147-150. doi: 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2004.03.036
[38]	HUANG J H, DONG Y L, WAN Y. Investigation on reactive diffusion bonding of SiC_P/6063 MMC by using mixed powders as interlayers[J]. Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2007,190(1-3):312-316. doi: 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2007.02.028
[39]	HUANG J H, WAN Y, ZHANG H, et al. TLP bonding of SiC_P/2618Al composites using mixed Al-Ag-Cu system powders as interlayers[J]. Journal of Materials Science,2007,42(23):9746-9749. doi: 10.1007/s10853-007-2016-9
[40]	WENG W P, CHUANG T H. Brazing of aluminum matrix composite with Sn₁₀Ag₄Ti active filler metal[J]. Materials and Manufacturing Processes,1997,12(6):1107-1132. doi: 10.1080/10426919708935207
[41]	ZHANG X P, YE L, MAI Y W, et al. Investigation on diffusion bonding characteristics of SiC particulate reinforced aluminium metal matrix composites (Al/SiCp-MMC)[J]. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing,1999,30(12):1415-1421. doi: 10.1016/S1359-835X(99)00040-8
[42]	ZHANG X P, QUAN G F, WEI W. Preliminary investigation on joining performance of SiCp-reinforced aluminium metal matrix composite (Al/SiCp-MMC) by vacuum brazing[J]. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing,1999,30(6):823-827. doi: 10.1016/S1359-835X(98)00186-9
[43]	ZHANG G F, ZHANG J X, PEI Y, et al. Joining of Al₂O_3p/Al composites by transient liquid phase (TLP) bonding and a novel process of active-transient liquid phase (A-TLP) bonding[J]. Materials Science and Engineering A,2008,488(1-2):146-156. doi: 10.1016/j.msea.2007.11.084
[44]	ZHANG G F, SU W, ZHANG J X. Development of Al-12Si-xTi system active ternary filler metals for Al metal matrix composites[J]. Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,2012,22(3):596-603. doi: 10.1016/S1003-6326(11)61219-3
[45]	NIEMANN B J T, WILLE G W. Fluxless diffusion brazing of aluminum castings[J]. Welding Journal,1978,52:285-291.
[46]	HIDEKI S, RONG C. A combined microstructure strengthening analysis of SiC_P/Al metal matrix composites[J]. Composites,1995,26:183-188. doi: 10.1016/0010-4361(95)91381-E
[47]	CAVALIERE P, CERRI E, LEO P. Effect of heat treatments on mechanical properties and fracture behavior of a thixocast A356 aluminum alloy[J]. Journal of Materials Science,2004,39:1653-1658. doi: 10.1023/B:JMSC.0000016165.99666.dd
[48]	ZHANG G F, SU W, ZHANG J X, et al. Wetting behavior of a novel Al-Si-Ti active brazing filler metal foil on aluminum matrix composite[J]. Journal of Materials Engineering & Performance,2013,22(7):1982-1994.
[49]	张启运, 庄鸿寿. 三元合金相图手册[M]. 北京: 机械工业出版社, 2011: 159. ZHANG Q Y, ZHUANG H S. Manual of ternary alloy phase diagrams[M]. Beijing: Press of Mechanical Industry, 2011: 159(in Chinese).
[50]	唐仁政, 田荣璋. 二元合金相图及中间相晶体结构[M]. 长沙, 中南大学出版社, 2009: 51. TANG R Z, TIAN R Z. Manual of binary alloy phase diagrams[M]. Changsha: Press of Central South University, 2009: 51(in Chinese).