耐高温碳纤维/双马来酰亚胺树脂复合材料制备及性能

吴佳奇; 李刚; 杨小平; 苏清福

doi:10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20191211.001

耐高温碳纤维/双马来酰亚胺树脂复合材料制备及性能

doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20191211.001

吴佳奇^1,,
李刚^{1, 2, ,},
杨小平^1,,
苏清福^2,

1.
北京化工大学　有机无机复合材料国家重点实验室，北京 100029
2.
北京化工大学　常州先进材料研究院，常州 213164

详细信息

通讯作者:
李刚，博士，研究员，研究方向为碳纤维增强树脂基复合材料　E-mail：ligang@mail.buct.edu.cn

中图分类号: TB332
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2019-08-04
- 录用日期: 2019-11-19
- 网络出版日期: 2019-12-12
- 刊出日期: 2020-07-15

Preparation and properties of carbon fiber/bismaleimide resin composites with high heat resistance

WU Jiaqi^1
,,
LI Gang^{1, 2
, ,},
YANG Xiaoping^1
,,
SU Qingfu^2
,

1.
State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
2.
Changzhou Institute of Advanced Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Changzhou 213164, China

摘要

摘要: 采用前原位聚合的热塑性聚酰亚胺(PI)改性4,4′-二氨基二苯甲烷双马来酰亚胺(BDM)/4,4′-邻二烯丙基双酚A(DABPA)树脂体系，制备了一种耐高温的改性双马来酰亚胺(BDPI)树脂，研究了BDPI树脂的微观形貌和耐热性能；通过前原位自增强技术制备了T800H碳纤维/BDPI预浸料，通过SEM研究了T800H/BDPI预浸料表面形貌，评价了T800H/BDPI复合材料高低温力学性能和断面微观形貌。结果表明：BDPI树脂满足预浸料加工工艺要求，BDM微米颗粒均匀铺覆于T800H/BDPI预浸料表面，粒径分布为30~70 μm，BDPI树脂固化物的玻璃化转变温度(T_g)为367℃，5%热失重温度(T_d5)为452℃；T800H/BDPI单向复合材料0°拉伸强度、0°拉伸模量和层间剪切强度分别为2 440 MPa、148 GPa和107 MPa，280℃其力学性能保持率分别为66.4%、87.2%和44.1%。
- 双马来酰亚胺 /
- 碳纤维 /
- 预浸料 /
- 复合材料 /
- 耐热性能 /
- 力学性能
Abstract: The 4,4′-diaminodiphenylmethane bismaleimide (BDM)/4,4′-o-diallylbisphenol A (DABPA) resin system was modified by synthesized thermoplastic polyimide (PI) via pre-in situ polymerization, used to prepare modified bismaleimide resin with high heat resistance (BDPI). The micromorphology and heat resistance of BDPI resin were investigated. The T800H carbon fiber/BDPI prepreg was fabricated through pre-in situ self-strengthening technology. The surface morphology of T800H/BDPI prepreg was studied by SEM. The mechanical properties and fracture morphology of T800H/BDPI composites at room temperature and high temperature were evaluated. The results show that the BDPI resin is suitable for prepreg processing technology, and the BDM microparticles with 30–70 μm size are well covered on the surface of T800H/BDPI prepreg. The glass transition temperature (T_g) and 5% mass loss temperature (T_d5) of the cured BDPI resin reach 367℃ and 452℃, respectively. The 0° tensile strength, 0° tensile modulus and interlaminar shear strength of T800H/BDPI unidirectional composites are 2 440 MPa, 148 GPa and 107 MPa, respectively, the retention of which are approximately 66.4%, 87.2% and 44.1% at 280℃, respectively.
- bismaleimide /
- carbon fiber /
- prepreg /
- composites /
- heat resistance /
- mechanical property

HTML全文

图 1 热塑性聚酰亚胺(PI)的合成路线

Figure 1. Synthetic route of thermoplastic polyimide (PI)

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图 2 T800H碳纤维/4,4′-二氨基二苯甲烷双马来酰亚胺(BDM)复合材料工艺路线

Figure 2. Processing route of T800H carbon fiber/4,4′-diaminodiphenylmethane bismaleimide (BDM) composites

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图 3 热塑性PI分子量增长曲线

Figure 3. Molecular weight growth curves of thermoplastic

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图 4 2,3,3′,4′-联苯四甲酸二酐(α-BPDA)、4,4′-二氨基二苯醚(ODA)、PI和4,4′-邻二烯丙基双酚A(DABPA)的FTIR图谱

Figure 4. FTIR spectra of 2,3,3',4'-biphenyl tetracarboxylic dianhydride(α-BPDA), 4,4′-diaminodiphenyl ether(ODA), PI and 4,4′-o-diallylbisphenol A(DABPA)

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图 5 PI溶液的光学显微镜图像

Figure 5. Optical microscope image of PI solution

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图 6 PI的TG和DTG曲线

Figure 6. TG and DTG curves of PI

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图 7 未固化改性双马来酰亚胺(BDPI)树脂的光学显微镜图像

Figure 7. Optical microscope image of uncured modified bismaleimide (BDPI) resin

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图 8 通用双马来酰亚胺(BD)和BDPI树脂固化物的动态力学损耗和储能模量

Figure 8. Dynamic mechanical loss and storage modulus of common bismaleimide(BD) and BDPI cured resins

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图 9 BD和BDPI树脂固化反应前后的FTIR图谱

Figure 9. FTIR spectra of uncured and cured BD and BDPI resins

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图 10 BD和BDPI树脂固化物的热重分析曲线

Figure 10. TGA curves of BD and BDPI cured resins

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图 11 T800H/BDPI预浸料表面的SEM图像

Figure 11. SEM image of surface morphology of T800H/BDPI prepreg

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图 12 280℃下T800H/BD单向复合材料热氧老化不同时间后断面的SEM图像

Figure 12. SEM images of fractured surface of T800H/BD unidirectional composites at 280℃ after different thermo-oxidative aging time

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图 13 280℃下T800H/BDPI单向复合材料热氧老化不同时间后断面的SEM图像

Figure 13. SEM images of fractured surface of T800H/BDPI unidirectional composites at 280℃ after different thermo-oxidative aging time

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表 1 常温(RT)和280℃下T800H/BD和T800H/BDPI单向复合材料的力学性能

Table 1. Mechanical properties of T800H/BD and T800H/BDPI unidirectional composites at room temperature(RT) and 280℃

Property	T800H/BD			T800H/BDPI
Property	RT	280℃	Property retention/%	RT	280℃	Property retention/%
0° flexural strength/MPa	1 620±62	953±50	58.8	1 810±71	1 140±57	63.0
0° flexural modulus/GPa	139±3.1	126±1.8	90.6	152±2.9	147±2.9	96.7
0° Tensile strength/MPa	2 120±113	1 278±156	60.3	2 440±120	1 620±125	66.4
0° tensile modulus/GPa	137±2.6	117±19.5	85.4	148±2.5	129±21.6	87.2
90° tensile strength/MPa	27±4.5	17±3.1	63.0	29±4.6	21±3.4	72.4
90° tensile modulus/GPa	8.0±1.0	3.7±0.7	46.2	8.4±0.6	4.5±0.9	53.6
Interlaminar shear strength/MPa	88.1±3.5	26.5±3.8	30.1	107±5.6	47.2±4.8	44.1

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