不同生物酶改性处理对麦秸秆纤维/高密度聚乙烯复合材料性能的影响

阳雄南; 张效林; 聂孙建; 王哲; 卓光铭; 李少歌

doi:10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20190902.002

不同生物酶改性处理对麦秸秆纤维/高密度聚乙烯复合材料性能的影响

doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20190902.002

阳雄南¹,
张效林^{1, 2, ,},
聂孙建¹,
王哲¹,
卓光铭¹,
李少歌¹

1.
西安理工大学　印刷包装与数字媒体学院，西安 710048
2.
安徽淮宿建材有限公司，宿州 234000

基金项目: 陕西省自然科学基金(2015JM3080)；安徽省重大科技专项子题(17030701019)

详细信息

通讯作者:
张效林，博士，副教授，硕士生导师，研究方向为天然纤维复合材料　E-mail：zxlbmm@sina.com

中图分类号: TB332
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2019-05-23
- 录用日期: 2019-08-11
- 网络出版日期: 2019-09-03
- 刊出日期: 2020-05-15

Effect of different enzyme modification on properties of wheat straw fiber/high density polyethylene composites

1.
Faculty of Printing, Packing Engineering and Digital Media Technology, Xi’an University of Technolog, Xi’an 710048, China
2.
Anhui Huaisu Building Material CO. Ltd, Suzhou 234000, China

摘要

摘要: 以麦秸秆纤维(WF)和高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)为原料，利用混炼和注塑成型的方法制备WF/HDPE复合材料。考察了木聚糖酶、漆酶、脂肪酶、木聚糖酶与脂肪酶复合处理对WF/HDPE复合材料力学性能、热稳定性、吸水率的影响，通过FTIR分析了酶处理前后的WF化学官能团变化，利用SEM观察了酶处理前后的WF表面形貌和WF/HDPE复合材料拉伸断裂面。结果表明：当WF/HDPE复合材料经木聚糖酶与脂肪酶复合处理后，吸水率最低且WF/HDPE复合材料的力学性能最好，其拉伸强度、弯曲强度、弯曲模量分别达到23.4 MPa、34.0 MPa、1 944.6 MPa；TG结果表明WF/HDPE的热分解过程分两个部分：WF的分解过程和HDPE的分解过程，酶能有效提高WF/HDPE的热稳定性；FTIR显示经酶处理后，WF的羟基振动峰微弱减小，在1 706~1 290 cm⁻¹处光谱上出现部分小峰，SiO₂的振动峰变得平缓；SEM显示经酶处理后，WF表面变粗糙，WF与HDPE结合紧密，其中经木聚糖酶和脂肪酶共同处理后两者界面结合性能最好。
- 麦秸秆 /
- 高密度聚乙烯 /
- 复合材料 /
- 生物酶 /
- 表面改性
Abstract: WF/HDPE composites were prepared from wheat straw fiber (WF) and high density polyethylene (HDPE) by mixing and injection moulding. The effects of xylanase, laccase, lipase, xylanase and lipase on the mechanical properties, thermal stability and water absorption of WF/HDPE composites were investigated. The changes of chemical functional groups of WF before and after enzyme treatment were analyzed by FTIR. The surface morphologies of WF and the tensile fracture surface of WF/HDPE composites before and after enzymatic treatment were observed by SEM. The results show that WF/HDPE composites treated with xylanase and lipase have the lowest water absorption and the best mechanical properties. The tensile strength, flexural strength and flexural modulus of WF/HDPE composites reach 23.4 MPa, 34.0 MPa and 1 944.6 MPa, respectively. TG results show that the thermal decomposition process of WF/HDPE is divided into two parts: WF decomposition process and HDPE decomposition process, and the thermal stability of WF/HDPE composites can be effectively improved by enzyme. After treatment, the hydroxyl vibration peak of WF decreases, and some small peaks appeare in the spectrum at 1 706-1 290 cm⁻¹, and the vibration peak of SiO₂ becomes gentle. SEM shows that the surface of WF becomes rough after enzyme treatment, and WF and HDPE are closely bound, among which the interface bonding performance of WF and HDPE treated by xylanase and lipase is the best.
- wheat straw(WF) /
- high density polyethylene(HDPE) /
- composites /
- biological enzyme /
- surface modification

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图 1 不同生物酶处理的WF的SEM图像

Figure 1. SEM images of WF processed by different enzymes ((a)WF; (b)WFx; (c)WFi; (d)WFa; (e)WFm)

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图 2 经各种生物酶改性前后的WF的FTIR图谱

Figure 2. FTIR spectra of WF before and after modification by various enzymes

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图 3 不同生物酶处理前后的WF/HDPE的拉伸强度

Figure 3. Tensile strengths of WF/HDPE before and after different enzyme treatments

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图 4 不同生物酶处理前后的WF/HDPE的弯曲性能

Figure 4. Bending properties of WF/HDPE before and after different enzyme treatments

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图 5 HDPE和不同生物酶处理的WF/HDPE复合材料的TG曲线

Figure 5. TG curves of HDPE and WF/HDPE treated with different enzymes

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图 6 不同生物酶处理前后WF/HDPE复合材料的吸水性能

Figure 6. Water absorption properties of WF/HDPE composites prepared by different enzyme treatments

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图 7 不同生物酶处理前后的WF/HDPE复合材料的SEM图像

Figure 7. SEM images of WF/HDPE composites prepared by different enzymes ((a) WF/HDPE; (b) WFx/HDPE; (c) WFi/HDPE; (d) WFa/HDPE; (e)WFm/HDPE)

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表 1 不同生物酶处理的麦秸秆纤维/高密度聚乙烯（WF/HDPE）复合材料原材料配方分组

Table 1. Prescription of wheat straw fiber/high density polyethylene(WF/HDPE) composition treated with different enzymes

No.	Enzyme quantity/g			Enhancer content/wt%	Matrix content/wt%
No.	Xylanase	Lipase	Laccase	WF	HDPE
WF/HDPE	−	−	−	30	70
WFx/HDPE	0.35	−	−	30	70
WFi/HDPE	−	0.7	−	30	70
WFa/HDPE	−	−	0.35	30	70
WFm/HDPE	0.35	0.7	−	30	70
Notes: WF—Untreated WF; WFx—Treated by xylanase; WFi—Treated by lipase; WFa—Treated by laccase; WFm—Treated by xylanase and lipase.

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表 2 处理、未处理WF/HDPE复合材料及HDPE样品的热稳定性

Table 2. Thermal stabilities of modified, unmodified WF/HDPE composites and HDPE samples

Sample	T₅/℃	T_P/℃		Char at
Sample	T₅/℃	T_P1	T_P2	600℃/%
HDPE	437	−	495	2.1
WF/HDPE	276	350	490	11.5
WFx/HDPE	315	360	490	10.1
WFm/HDPE	322	370	500	10.8
WFa/HDPE	326	360	490	10.4
WFi/HDPE	311	350	490	10.5
Notes: T₅—Temperature of heat loss of 5%; T_P1—Fastest thermal decomposition temperature in the first stage; T_P2—Fastest thermal decomposition temperature in the second stage; Char at 600℃—Solid residue at 600℃.

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