Preparation and properties of sisal microfibrils/recycled polyvinyl butyral composites
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摘要: 我国每年产生大量的聚乙烯醇缩丁醛回收料(RPVB),对RPVB加以充分利用,不仅可降低生产成本,还能起到节能、环保和低碳等作用。本文将天然剑麻纤维经去蜡和碱处理后,用机械法将剑麻纤维微纤化,并制成剑麻微纤维(SMF)毡。以戊二醛(GTA)和硼砂(SB)对RPVB进行交联改性,用溶液浸渍法制备了SMF/改性RPVB复合材料。用SEM、FTIR、TG和力学性能测试表征了复合材料的结构与性能。结果表明:碱-机械处理可将直径为150~200 μm的天然剑麻纤维分离成直径为5~10 μm、长径比大于100的SMF;用GTA和SB对RPVB进行交联改性后,SMF/RPVB复合膜的断裂伸长率有所提高;RPVB与SMF间可形成良好的界面结合,但是,由于只有部分RPVB充分渗入纤维毡内部,导致复合材料的整体均匀性欠佳。由TG热重分析可知,SMF/RPVB复合材料的热稳定性介于RPVB与纯SMF之间。Abstract: Large amounts of recycled polyvinyl butyral (RPVB) are produced in China every year. Making full use of RPVB not only reduces the cost, but also plays an important role in energy saving, environmental protection and low carbon. In the present work, the natural sisal fibers were dewaxed and treated with alkaline, then microfibrillated with mechanical treatment, and the obtained sisal microfibrils (SMF) were finally made into a mat form. RPVB was crosslinked by glutaraldehyde (GTA) and sodium borate (SB). The SMF/crosslinked RPVB composites were prepared by solvent impregnation technique. The structure and properties of the composites were analyzed by using SEM, FTIR, TG and mechanical tests. The results show that alkaline-mechanical treatment can successfully separate natural sisal fibers with the diameter of 150-200 μm into microfibrils with the diameter of 5-10 μm and aspect ratio of length to diameter higher than 100. GTA and SB could successfully crosslink the RPVB, and the elongation at break of obtained composite films increases considerably. The interfacial adhesion of RPVB and SMF is good, however, the uniformity of the composites is not good enough, due to the fact that only part of the RPVB penetrates into the interior of sisal microfibril mat. The TG analysis shows that the thermal stability of SMF/RPVB composites is intermediate between RPVB and SMF.
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Key words:
- recycled polyvinyl butyral /
- sisal microfibril /
- crosslinking /
- composites /
- physical property
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