Research progress on the application of high-entropy materials in solid oxide cells

Solid oxide cells (SOCs), leveraging their advantages of flexible fuel selection and high energy conversion efficiency, have gradually become a key core technology for enabling low-carbon energy transitions. Meanwhile, high-entropy materials (HEMs), as a new class of functional materials composed of multiple principal elements, are rapidly advancing in the field of energy conversion and storage. With their unique structural characteristics and readily tunable functional properties, HEMs can effectively break the performance limitations of conventional electrode materials and create ample opportunities for related performance optimization. This review systematically summarizes the current cutting-edge research achievements in applying HEMs to SOCs, covering their fundamental definitions, crystal structures, and physicochemical properties. It further delves into synthesis methods such as solid-state reactions, wet chemical methods, and vapor-phase processes, as well as tuning strategies including A-site regulation, B-site regulation, A/B-site co-regulation, and heterojunction engineering, thereby opening new pathways for tailoring HEMs to meet specific application requirements. On this basis, the review compares the significant advantages of HEMs in enhancing the catalytic activity, operational stability, and poisoning resistance of SOCs electrode materials, and provides a perspective on future directions in this field.