Ti3C2TX MXenes材料在超级电容器中的应用研究进展

张亚林; 王梦倩; 陈兴刚; 蔡艳青; 许莹

doi:10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20220412.002

Ti₃C₂T_X MXenes材料在超级电容器中的应用研究进展

doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20220412.002

华北理工大学　材料科学与工程学院，河北省无机非金属材料重点实验室，唐山 063210

基金项目: 河北省自然科学基金(E20209097)；唐山市科技计划项目(21130229C)

详细信息

通讯作者:
蔡艳青，博士，副教授，硕士生导师，研究方向为储能材料、熔盐电化学、医用生物材料等　E-mail：caiyanqing126@126.com

中图分类号: TB332
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-01-25
- 修回日期: 2022-03-25
- 录用日期: 2022-04-06
- 网络出版日期: 2022-04-13
- 刊出日期: 2023-02-15

Research progress of application of Ti₃C₂T_X MXenes materials in supercapacitors

Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nonmetallic Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China

Funds: Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province ( E20209097); Science and Technology Project of Tangshan City (21130229C)

摘要

摘要: 近年来人们对储能设备的需求加大，超级电容器因其优异的性能而受到研究者青睐。二维过渡MXenes材料是一种类似于石墨烯的二维片层材料，具有独特的结构和丰富的官能团，其中Ti₃C₂T_X MXenes材料因其具有优异的导电性、高比面积和高比电容等优点而被广泛用作超级电容器电极材料。然而，Ti₃C₂T_X材料存在易氧化和自堆叠等问题，作为电极材料需要对其性能进行改性和优化。本文主要介绍了Ti₃C₂T_X材料常用的制备方法(如HF刻蚀、氟化盐刻蚀、碱刻蚀、电化学刻蚀等)及Ti₃C₂T_X在超级电容器应用过程的性能改性研究现状，包括构建Ti₃C₂T_X多孔结构、进行表面修饰及制备Ti₃C₂T_X复合电极，并展望了Ti₃C₂T_X型超级电容器未来的发展趋势。
- MXenes /
- Ti₃C₂T_X /
- 超级电容器 /
- 电极材料 /
- 刻蚀
Abstract: In recent years, the demand for energy storage equipment gradually increases, and supercapacitors are favored by researchers because of their excellent performances. Two dimensional transition MXenes are two-dimensional sheet materials similar to graphene, which have unique structure and rich functional groups. Ti₃C₂T_X MXenes have the advantages of good conductivity, high specific area and high specific capacitance, and can be widely used as excellent electrode materials for supercapacitors. However, Ti₃C₂T_X materials have the problems of easy oxidation and self-stacking, and needs to be modified and optimized as electrode materials. This paper mainly introduces the preparation methods of Ti₃C₂T_X materials, such as HF etching, fluoride etching, alkali etching and electrochemical etching, as well as the research methods of performance modification of Ti₃C₂T_X in the application process of supercapacitors, including the construction of Ti₃C₂T_X porous structure, surface modification and preparation of Ti₃C₂T_X composite electrode. The future progress trend of Ti₃C₂T_X supercapacitors is also prospected.
- MXenes /
- Ti₃C₂T_X /
- supercapacitors /
- electrode materials /
- etching

HTML全文

图 1 前驱体MAX刻蚀过程示意图 (a) 及形貌 ((b), (c))^[6]

Figure 1. Schematic diagram (a) and morphology of precursor MAX etching process ((b), (c))^[6]

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图 2 碱性条件下合成Ti₃C₂T_X^[26]

Figure 2. Synthesis of Ti₃C₂T_X under alkaline conditions^[26]

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图 3 阳离子交联Ti₃C₂T_X示意图^[42]

Figure 3. Schematic diagram of cationic crosslinked Ti₃C₂T_X^[42]

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图 4 将Li⁺引入Ti₃C₂T_X的XRD图谱^[48]

Figure 4. XRD pattern of introducing Li⁺ into Ti₃C₂T_X^[48]

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图 5 烷基阳离子插层Ti₃C₂T_X示意图^[50]

Figure 5. Schematic diagram of alkyl cation intercalated Ti₃C₂T_X^[50]

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图 6 Ti₃C₂T_X的TG曲线^[51]

Δm—Mass loss rate

Figure 6. TG curves of Ti₃C₂T_X^[51]

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图 7 将S插入Ti₃C₂T_X流程示意图^[52]

CTAB—Cetyltri-methylammonium bromide; d—Interlayer spacing

Figure 7. Flow diagram of insert S into Ti₃C₂T_X^[52]

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图 8 MXenes/碳纳米管(CNTs)制备过程示意图^[54]

Figure 8. Schematic diagram of preparation process for MXenes/carbon nanotubes (CNTs)^[54]

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图 9 Ti₃C₂T_X@CNTs电化学测试图^[55]：不同电极的CV曲线 (a) 和GCD曲线 (b)；Ti₃C₂T_X@CNTs-6.0电极的CV曲线 (c) 和GCD曲线 (d)

a—Ti₃C₂T_X; b—Ti₃C₂T_X@PDA; c—Ti₃C₂T_X@CNTs-6.0-PDA-0; d—Ti₃C₂T_X@CNTs-3.0; e—Ti₃C₂T_X@CNTs-6.0; f—Ti₃C₂T_X@CNTs-15.0; g—Ti₃C₂T_X@CNTs-20.0; PDA—Polydopamine

Figure 9. Electrochemical test of Ti₃C₂T_X@CNTs^[55]: CV curves (a) and GCD curves (b) of different electrodes; CV curves (c) and GCD curves (d) of Ti₃C₂T_X@CNTs-6.0 electrode

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图 10 Ti₃C₂T_X@MnO₂电化学测试图：(a) CV曲线；(b) GCD曲线；(c) 比电容；(d) Nyquist曲线；(e) EIS图谱等效电路；(f) 3 A·g⁻¹下的循环稳定性^[55]

a—Ti₃C₂T_X; b—Ti₃C₂T_X@PDA; c—Ti₃C₂T_X@δ-MnO₂ NSs; d—Ti₃C₂T_X@α-MnO₂ NRs; e—Ti₃C₂T_X@α-MnO₂ NFs; f—Ti₃C₂T_X@α-MnO₂NWs; NSs, NRs, NFs, NWs—Different morphology; R_e—Equivalent serier resistance; R_ct—Charge tranfer resistance; C_L—Constant phase element; Z_w—Warburg element; C_dl—Capacitor; SCE—Saturated calomel electrode

Figure 10. Electrochemical test of Ti₃C₂T_X@MnO₂: (a) CV curves; (b) GCD curves; (c) Specific capacitances; (d) Nyquist curves; (e) Equivalent circuit of EIS map; (f) Cycle stability under 3 A·g⁻¹^[55]

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