Research progress in reinforcement design and analysis of composite bolted joints
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摘要: 螺栓连接是复合材料结构的薄弱环节，决定了整个结构的承载能力。对复合材料螺栓连接进行增强设计可显著提升复合材料的应用效率。为此，国内外研究者们发展了复合材料螺栓连接的整体或局部增强设计方法，并采用试验和数值模拟方法对这些设计的增强效果进行了评估。部分增强设计方法已应用于国外先进航空航天飞行器的设计中。本文首先对现有的复合材料螺栓连接增强设计方法进行归类及详细总结，并对增强效果的评估方法进行分析，最后总结存在的问题，并提出未来的发展方向。Abstract: Bolted joint is the weak link of composite structures, and determines the load-carrying capacity of the entire structures. The reinforcement design of composite bolted joints can significantly improve the application efficiency of composites. For this reason, researchers at home and abroad have developed design methods for the overall or local improvement of composite bolted joints, and evaluated the strengthening effects of these methods by using experimental and numerical simulation methods. Some of the reinforcement design methods have been applied in the design of advanced aerospace vehicles abroad. In this paper, the existing reinforcement design methods of composite bolted joints are classified and summarized in detail, and the evaluation methods for the strengthening effect are analyzed. Finally, the existing problems are summarized, and the future development direction is proposed.
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Key words:
- composite /
- bolted joint /
- load-carrying efficiency /
- strength /
- improvement design /
- evaluation method
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图 2 复合材料螺栓连接示意图
Figure 2. Schematic diagram of composite bolted joints
w—Width of the laminate; L—Length of the laminate; e—End distance of the lamiante; Sw—Edge distance of the laminate
图 3 复合材料螺栓连接的主要失效模式
Figure 3. Main failure modes of composite bolted joints
P—External load
图 5 通过预埋金属套筒或嵌装螺母增强的复合材料螺栓连接
Figure 5. Composite bolted joints improved by adding metal inserts or embedding bolts
图 6 采用金属套筒增强的碳纤维/环氧树脂(CF/EP)复合材料螺栓连接的失效载荷的对比
Figure 6. Comparison between failure loads of carbon fiber/epoxy resin (CF/EP) composite bolted joints improved with metal inserts
ST—Steel
图 9 通过局部添加薄层或凸台增强的复合材料螺栓连接
Figure 9. Composite bolted joints improved by locally adding foils or rings
图 10 通过局部添加薄层增强的玻璃纤维/聚乙烯(GF/PE)复合材料螺栓连接的失效载荷的对比
Figure 10. Comparisons between failure loads of fiber glass/polyethylene (GF/PE) composite bolted joints improved with locally-added foils
图 11 外部添加玻璃纤维增强聚合物(GFRP)薄层对GF/聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)复合材料螺栓连接的增强效果
Figure 11. Strengthening effects of outer glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) foils on GF/polyethylene terephthalate (PET) composite bolted joints
CSM—Chopped strand mat, in which the short fibers are oriented in various undefined directions
图 12 通过整体添加金属薄层增强的复合材料螺栓连接
Figure 12. Composite bolted joints improved by globally adding metal foils
图 14 通过局部替换金属薄层增强的复合材料螺栓连接
Figure 14. Composite bolted joints improved by local substitution with metal foils
图 15 钛含量对局部替换钛薄层增强的CF/EP复合材料螺栓连接强度的影响
Figure 15. Influence of titanium content on the strength of CF/EP composite bolted joints improved by local substitution with titanium foils
图 16 通过添加转向纤维层增强的复合材料螺栓连接
Figure 16. Composite bolted joints improved by adding layers with steered fibers
图 17 通过局部添加z-pin增强的复合材料螺栓连接
Figure 17. Composite bolted joints improved by locally adding z-pin
图 18 通过添加防御孔增强的复合材料螺栓连接
Figure 18. Composite bolted joints improved by adding a defense hole
图 19 防御孔位置和直径对不同宽径比w/D、端径比e/D的复合材料螺栓连接强度的影响 [45]
Figure 19. Influence of location and diameter of defense hole on the strength of composite bolted joints with different w/D and e/D values [45]
A—SDH=1.5D, dDH=0.625D; B—SDH=1.5D, dDH=0.75D; C—SDH=2.0D, dDH=0.625D; D—SDH=2.0D, dDH=0.75D; E—SDH=2.5D, dDH=0.625D; F—SDH=2.5D, dDH=0.75D; SDH—Distance from center of defense hole to center of bolt hole; dDH—Diameter of defense hole; D—Diameter of bolt hole; w/D—Ratio of width to hole diameter of laminate; e/D—Ratio of end distance to hole diameter of laminate
图 22 拧紧力矩和老化时间对增强效果的影响
Figure 22. Strengthening effect affected by the torque and aging time
图 23 老化温度和老化时间对增强效果的影响
Figure 23. Strengthening effect affected by aging temperature and aging time
图 24 碳纳米管含量对复合材料螺栓连接强度的影响
Figure 24. Influence of carbon nanotube content on strength of composite bolted joints
图 25 通过局部添加纳米材料增强的复合材料螺栓连接
Figure 25. Composite bolted joints improved by locally adding nano materials
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