原位聚合碳纤维增强聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯基复合材料损伤与修复研究

龚明; 张代军; 张嘉阳; 付善龙; 李军; 陈祥宝

doi:10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20220516.002

原位聚合碳纤维增强聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯基复合材料损伤与修复研究

doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20220516.002

龚明^{1, 2,},
张代军^{1, 2, ,},
张嘉阳^{1, 2},
付善龙^{1, 2},
李军^{1, 2},
陈祥宝^{1, 2}

1.
中国航发北京航空材料研究院，北京 100095
2.
先进复合材料国防科技重点实验室，北京 100095

基金项目: 国家重点研发项目(2020YFC1910203)

详细信息

通讯作者:
张代军，博士，研究员，研究方向为树脂基复合材料　 E-mail：15810534483@139.com

中图分类号: TB332
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-03-18
- 修回日期: 2022-04-19
- 录用日期: 2022-05-03
- 网络出版日期: 2022-05-16
- 刊出日期: 2023-03-15

Damage and repair study of in-situ polymerized carbon fiber reinforced PMMA composites

GONG Ming^{1, 2
,},
ZHANG Daijun^{1, 2
, ,},
ZHANG Jiayang^{1, 2},
FU Shanlong^{1, 2},
LI Jun^{1, 2},
CHEN Xiangbao^{1, 2}

1.
Aero Engine Corporation of China Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials, Beijing 100095, China
2.
National Key Laboratory of Advanced Composites, Beijing 100095, China

Funds: National Key Research and Development Project (2020YFC1910203)

摘要

摘要: 基于热塑性复合材料易修复的特性，开展了碳纤维增强聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)基复合材料修复技术研究。研究了工艺温度、压力和时间对复合材料力学性能的影响规律。结果表明：在200℃、0.75 MPa压力下保持10 min可以获得优化的复合材料力学性能。引入低速冲击损伤，使用热压修复工艺修复碳纤维增强PMMA基复合材料的损伤。通过X射线断层扫描测试、超声波无损检测技术和断面摄像方法评估了此复合材料的损伤行为和修复效果。结果表明：低速冲击对碳纤维增强PMMA基复合材料的损伤分为低变形量区域的纵向开裂与分层和高变形量区域的纤维断裂与基体失效的混合模式。碳纤维增强PMMA基复合材料损伤试样经过热压修复后，损伤外形恢复良好，损伤区域大小显著减少，内部的开裂和分层等损伤恢复良好，复合材料压缩强度从140 MPa恢复至263 MPa，达到未损伤复合材料压缩性能(307 MPa)的85.7%。
- 热压 /
- 修复 /
- 损伤分析 /
- 热塑性基体 /
- 复合材料
Abstract: According to the repairability of thermoplastic composites, the repair process of carbon fiber reinforced PMMA composites was studied. The effects of temperature, pressure, and time on the mechanical properties of the composites were compared. Results show that the optimal repaired properties of composites could be obtained at 200℃ and 0.75 MPa pressure for 10 minutes. By introducing low-speed impact damage, the damaged parts of the composites were repaired by a hot pressing process. The composite's damage behaviors and repair effect were investigated by nondestructive testing and cross-section photography. Experimental results show that the impact damage of carbon fiber reinforced PMMA composites can be divided into two types: Lengthways cracking and delamination in small deformation areas and the mixed-mode of fiber fracture and resin failure in big deformation areas. After repairing, the damaged shape and the internal delamination damages of the damaged samples are recovered well, the volume of the damaged area is significantly reduced, and the compressive strength of the composite is recovered from 140 MPa to 263 MPa, which is 85.7% of the undamaged composite (307 MPa).
- hot press /
- repair /
- damage analysis /
- thermoplastic resin /
- composites

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图 1 (a) 试样支撑框；(b) 热压修复工艺

Figure 1. (a) Support frame of samples; (b) Hot press repair process

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图 2 聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)树脂基体 (a) 和PMMA基复合材料 (b) 的玻璃化转变温度T_g

Figure 2. Glass transition temperature T_g of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) resin (a) and PMMA composite (b)

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图 3 PMMA树脂基体流变测试结果

Figure 3. Rheological test results of PMMA resins

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图 4 处理压力为0.75 MPa时PMMA基复合材料弯曲强度 (a) 和短梁剪切强度 (b) 与处理温度关系

Figure 4. Relationship between the bending strenght (a) and short-beam shear strength (b) of PMMA composites and the treatment temperature under 0.75 MPa

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图 5 处理温度为200℃时PMMA基复合材料弯曲强度 (a) 和短梁剪切强度 (b) 与处理压力关系

Figure 5. Relationship between the bending strenght (a) and short-beam shear strength (b) of PMMA composites and the treatment pressure under 200℃

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图 6 碳纤维增强PMMA基复合材料修复前(左)和修复后(右)

Figure 6. Carbon fiber reinforced PMMA composites before repair (left) and after repair (right)

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图 7 碳纤维增强PMMA基复合材料修复前(左)和修复后(右)的损伤状态

Figure 7. Damage conditions of carbon fiber reinforced PMMA composites before repair (left) and after repair (right)

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图 8 冲击损伤PMMA基复合材料试样修复前(左)后(右)横截面CT扫描结果对比

Figure 8. Comparison of cross section CT scan results before (left) and after (right) repair of impact damaged PMMA composites samples

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图 9 冲击损伤试样修复前(左)后(右)PMMA基复合材料厚度方向截面CT扫描结果对比

Figure 9. Comparison of CT scan results of thickness direction section of PMMA composites before and after impact damage repair

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图 10 修复前后PMMA基复合材料内部缺陷分布区域

Figure 10. Defect area of PMMA composites before and after repair

L₁—Tip diameter; L₂—Base diameter

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图 11 碳纤维增强PMMA基复合材料试样不同损伤部位修复后取样图

Figure 11. Diagrams of different damaged parts of carbon fiber reinforced PMMA composite samples after repair

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图 12 碳纤维增强PMMA基复合材料不同损伤部位缺陷取样图

Figure 12. Defect sampling diagram of carbon fiber reinforced PMMA composites at different injury sites

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图 13 碳纤维增强PMMA基复合材料冲击后分层缺陷

Figure 13. Post-impact delamination defects of carbon fiber reinforced PMMA composites

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图 14 碳纤维增强PMMA基复合材料纵向开裂与分层缺陷的伴随出现形貌

Figure 14. Concomitant morphology of longitudinal cracking and delamination defects of carbon fiber reinforced PMMA composites

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图 15 未冲击试样、冲击损伤试样与修复后PMMA基复合材料试样压缩强度对比

Figure 15. Comparison of compressive strength of unimpacted, damaged and repaired PMMA composite samples

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图 16 损伤后修复PMMA基复合材料试样冲击后压缩破坏形貌：(a) 正视；(b) 侧视； (c) 后视

Figure 16. Compression failure morphology of PMMA composites after impact damage repaired: (a) Front view; (b) End view; (c) Back view

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图 17 损伤和修复PMMA基复合材料冲击后压缩强度曲线

Figure 17. Compressive strength curves of damaged and repaired PMMA composites after impact

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表 1 整体成型与粘接PMMA基复合材料试样修复结果对比

Table 1. Comparison of repair results between one-piece and bonded PMMA composite samples

Specimen number	Treatment process	Bending strength/MPa		Bending modulus/GPa		Short-beam shear strength/MPa
Specimen number	Treatment process	One-piece	Bonded	One-piece	Bonded	One-piece	Bonded
1	0.1 MPa/180℃/10 min	565	503	47.3	41.9	37.1	40.9
2	0.1 MPa/200℃/10 min	224	136	34.9	25.9	20.4	19.7
3	0.4 MPa/200℃/10 min	708	501	39.5	44.1	52.6	47.5
4	0.75 MPa/160℃/10 min	700	619	54.5	46.1	54.1	19.0
5	0.75 MPa/180℃/10 min	722	696	50.9	44.4	52.2	42.9
6	0.75 MPa/200℃/10 min	693	639	50.2	44.2	50.1	46.1
7	0.75 MPa/220℃/10 min	194	298	38.2	36.6	14.5	23.8
8	1.0 MPa/180℃/10 min	684	628	43.8	38.4	53.3	53.5
9	1.0 MPa/200℃/10 min	642	525	44.1	37.8	49.9	50.2
10	1.0 MPa/200℃/30 min	Bulging	Bulging	Bulging	Bulging	Bulging	Bulging

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表 2 PMMA基复合材料修复前后试样厚度

Table 2. Thicknesses of PMMA composite samples before and after repair

	Before/mm	After/mm
1	3.99	4.02
2	3.97	4.00
3	3.98	4.00
4	4.02	4.03
Average	3.99	4.01

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