取向碳化硅晶须硅橡胶复合材料导热性及绝缘性的研究

于天骄; 宋伟; 冯景涛; 彭修峰; 宋文宏

取向碳化硅晶须硅橡胶复合材料导热性及绝缘性的研究

1.
哈尔滨理工大学电气与电子工程学院工程电介质及其应用教育部重点实验室, 哈尔滨 150086
2.
上海拜高高分子材料有限公司, 上海 201400

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金 (51541702，51607048)

详细信息

通讯作者:
宋伟，博士，教授，博士生导师，研究方向为导热复合材料研发及绝缘材料改性研究　E-mail: sw7912@hrbust.edu.cn

中图分类号: (TM211)
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- 文章访问数: 80
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-02-27
- 修回日期: 2023-03-20
- 录用日期: 2023-03-27
- 网络出版日期: 2023-04-10

Research on thermal conductivity and insulation of oriented silicon carbide whisker silicone rubber composites

1.
School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Key Laboratory of Engineering Dielectric and Its Application, Ministry of Education, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150086, China
2.
Shanghai Baigao polymer material co., ltd, Shanghai 201400, China

Funds: National Natural Science Foundation of China(51541702，51607048.)

摘要

摘要: 优化热界面材料性能是解决设备散热问题有效途径之一，但基于“导热网理论”，导热网络的形成需要提高填料的含量，但含量较大时，势必会造成基体的绝缘性严重下降。为降低含量，本文提出了一种借助外磁场诱导填料取向来实现填料分布结构调控的方法，能在较低填量下快速实现导热路径的建立。以液体硅橡胶为基体，碳化硅晶须(SiC_w)为填料，首先通过共沉淀法对SiC_w进行四氧化三铁(Fe₃O₄)的包覆改性，将其均匀分散至液体硅橡胶中，并在稳恒磁场中固化，制备出SiC_w取向结构的硅橡胶基导热复合材料。SiC_w取向结构在基体中可以快速建立导热通路，达到降低填量含量的目的。通过COMSOL对SiC_w随机分散与取向排列的硅橡胶复合材料进行模拟仿真，仿真结果表明，10wt%的SiC_w可使硅橡胶导热系数提升60%，体积电阻率在10¹⁵ Ω∙cm以上，而10wt%取向SiC_w可使硅橡胶导热系数提升170%，体积电阻率在10¹⁴ Ω∙cm以上，与纯硅橡胶相比下降两个数量级，但仍然具有良好的绝缘性能。1仿真与实验数据对比表The comparison table of simulation results and experimental data
Experimental data Simulation results
Name of sample SIC10 SIC10@FE10* SIC10 SIC10@FE10*
Thermal conductivity/(W/(m·K)) 0.167 0.235 0.221 0.374
Volume resistivity/Ω·cm 3.71×10¹⁵ 8.11×10¹⁴ 4×10¹⁵ 1×10¹⁴
- 硅橡胶 /
- 碳化硅晶须 /
- 取向 /
- 导热性 /
- 绝缘性
Abstract: With the increasing integration density and power density of electronic products. It is particularly important to optimize the research of thermal interface materials. In this paper, one-dimensional silicon carbide whisker (SiC_w) was used as filler and silicone rubber was used as matrix to prepare thermal conductive silicone rubber composites. The microstructure, phase structure, thermal conductivity and insulation of the composites were comprehensively analyzed. Firstly, the modified material of SiC_w coated by Fe₃O₄ was prepared by coprecipitation method. Secondly, SiC_w coated with Fe₃O₄ was evenly dispersed in the liquid silicone rubber matrix. Finally, it is placed in a constant magnetic field to complete whisker orientation and matrix curing. The results show that the surface of SiC_w whiskers is coated with Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles, and they are oriented in the silicone rubber matrix. Silicone rubber composites with SiC_w oriented structure were prepared. When the oriented SiC_w reaches 10wt%, the thermal conductivity can be increased by 72% compared with pure silicone rubber, and it is 40% higher than that filled with non-oriented 10wt%SiC_w. Compared with pure silicone rubber, the volume resistivity decreases by two orders of magnitude. But it still has good insulation. The silicone rubber composites with randomly dispersed and oriented SiC_w were simulated by COMSOL. The simulation results show that the thermal conductivity of silicone rubber can be improved by 60% with 10wt% SiC_w. The volume resistivity is above 10¹⁵ Ω∙cm. However, 10wt% oriented SiC_w can improve the thermal conductivity of silicone rubber by 170% and the volume resistivity is above 10¹⁴ Ω∙cm. It is consistent with the trend of experimental results.
- silicone rubber /
- silicon carbide whisker /
- orientation /
- thermal conductivity /
- insulation

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图 1 Fe₃O₄包覆SiC_w的制备流程

Figure 1. The Preparation Process of Fe₃O₄ Coated SiC_w

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图 2 硅橡胶复合材料制备流程

Figure 2. The Preparation Process of Silicone Rubber Composites

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图 3 XRD测试示意图

Figure 3. The schematic diagram of XRD test

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图 4 SiC_w及FE@SIC (Fe₃O₄包覆SiC_w)的SEM图

Figure 4. The SEM diagram of SiC_w and FE@SIC (Fe₃O₄ coated SiC_w)

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图 5 硅橡胶(SR)试样断面SEM图

Figure 5. The SEM diagram of silicone rubber (SR) section

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图 6 Fe₃O₄及FE@SIC的XRD图

Figure 6. The XRD diagram of Fe₃O₄ and FE@SIC

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图 7 FE@SIC10*的XRD图

Figure 7. The XRD diagram of FE@SIC10*

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图 8 SiC_w/SR导热系数对数值线性拟合图

Figure 8. Linear fitting diagram of SiC_w/SR thermal conductivity versus numerical value

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图 9 导热模型与SiC_w/SR的导热系数折线图

Figure 9. Thermal conductivity model and thermal conductivity line chart of SiC_w/SR

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图 10 SIC10、FE@SIC10*截面模拟图

Figure 10. The simulation diagram of SIC10, FE@SIC10* section

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图 11 FE@SIC10*与SIC10的几何仿真模型图

Figure 11. The geometric simulation model diagram of FE@SIC10* and SIC10

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图 12 几何模型在热场下的温度分布图

Figure 12. The temperature distribution diagram of geometric model under thermal field

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1 仿真与实验数据对比表

1. The comparison table of simulation results and experimental data

	Experimental data		Simulation results
Name of sample	SIC10	SIC10@FE10*	SIC10	SIC10@FE10*
Thermal conductivity/(W/(m·K))	0.167	0.235	0.221	0.374
Volume resistivity/Ω·cm	3.71×10¹⁵	8.11×10¹⁴	4×10¹⁵	1×10¹⁴

下载: 导出CSV

表 1 试样编号明细表

Table 1. Specimen details

Name of sample	Detailed description
FE@SIC	Fe₃O₄ coated SiC_w
SR	Pure silicone rubber sample
SiC_w /SR	SiC_w filled silicone rubber series samples
SIC10	10 wt% SiC_w filled silicone rubber sample
FE@SIC10*	Magnetized sample of 10 wt% FE@SIC silicone rubber
FE@SIC10	10 wt% FE@SIC silicone rubber sample
SICFE10*	Magnetized sample of 10 wt%SiC_w+Fe₃O₄ silicone rubber

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表 2 SiC_w/SR的导热系数表

Table 2. The table of thermal conductivity of SiCw/SR

SiC_w/SR	0 wt%	5 wt%	10 wt%	15 wt%	20 wt%
Thermal conductivity/(W·(m·K)⁻¹)	0.137	0.148	0.167	0.181	0.236

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表 3 FE@SIC10*导热系数对比表

Table 3. The comparison table of thermal conductivity of FE@SIC10*

Name of sample	SR	SIC10	SICFE10*	FE@SIC10	FE@SIC10*
Thermal conductivity/(W·(m·K)⁻¹)	0.137	0.167	0.172	0.168	0.235

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表 4 SiC_w/SR体积电阻率表

Table 4. The table of volume resistivity of SiC_w/SR

SiC_w/SR	0 wt%	5 wt%	10 wt%	15 wt%	20 wt%
Volume resistivity/(Ω·cm)	4×10¹⁶	7.84×10¹⁵	3.7×10¹⁵	5.6×10¹⁴	3.9×10¹⁴

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表 5 FE@SIC10*体积电阻率对比表

Table 5. The comparison table of volume resistivity of FE@SIC10*

Name of sample	SR	SIC10	FE@SIC10*
Volume resistivity/(Ω·cm)	4×10¹⁶	3.7×10¹⁵	8.1×10¹⁴

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表 6 仿真与实验数据对比表

Table 6. The comparison table of simulation results and experimental data

	Experimental data		Simulation results
Name of sample	SIC10	SIC10@FE10*	SIC10	SIC10@FE10*
Thermal conductivity/(W·(m·K)^-1)	0.167	0.235	0.221	0.374
Volume resistivity/(Ω·cm)	3.71×10¹⁵	8.11×10¹⁴	4×10¹⁵	1×10¹⁴

下载: 导出CSV

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