玄武岩纤维对3D打印水泥基材料可打印性的影响

赵宇; 武喜凯; 朱伶俐; 杨章; 王有凯

doi:10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20211201.004

玄武岩纤维对3D打印水泥基材料可打印性的影响

doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20211201.004

赵宇^{1, 3},
武喜凯¹,
朱伶俐^2, ,,
杨章²,
王有凯¹

1.
河南理工大学　土木工程学院，焦作 454003
2.
河南理工大学　材料科学与工程学院，焦作 454003
3.
河南理工大学　深井瓦斯抽采与围岩控制技术国家地方联合工程实验室，焦作 454003

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(U1504513；U1905216)；深井瓦斯抽采与围岩控制技术国家地方联合工程实验室开放基金(SJF202006)；河南省高等学校重点科研项目(22A560002)

详细信息

通讯作者:
朱伶俐，博士，副教授，硕士生导师，研究方向为新型建筑材料和矿用材料的研究　E-mail: zhull@hpu.edu.cn

中图分类号: TU528
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- HTML全文浏览量: 513
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-10-08
- 修回日期: 2021-11-08
- 录用日期: 2021-11-25
- 网络出版日期: 2021-12-03
- 刊出日期: 2022-11-01

Influence of basalt fiber on the printability of 3D printing cement-based materials

ZHAO Yu^{1, 3},
WU Xikai¹,
ZHU Lingli^{2
, ,},
YANG Zhang²,
WANG Youkai¹

1.
School of Civil Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454003, China
2.
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454003, China
3.
State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Gas Drainage & Ground Control of Deep Mines, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454003, China

摘要

摘要: 玄武岩纤维是一种具备良好力学性能、优异耐腐蚀性且高性价比的纤维材料，将其掺入3D打印水泥基材料中可以起到抑制塑性收缩开裂的作用。而玄武岩纤维的掺入会显著改变3D打印水泥基材料的流变性能，从而对3D打印水泥基材料可挤出性及可建造性产生影响。通过改变纤维的掺量、直径及长度，研究了玄武岩纤维特性对3D打印水泥基材料流变性能、可挤出性及可建造性的影响，明确了流变性能与可挤出性和可建造性之间的关系。研究结果表明，玄武岩纤维的掺量对3D打印水泥基材料流变性能参数的影响权重最大，其次是直径。动态屈服应力与单位时间挤出量呈负相关，静态屈服应力与打印试件倾角呈正相关。打印试件横截面积比受动态屈服应力和静态屈服应力等综合因素影响。综合来看，优良的可挤出性需要适中的动态屈服应力，约为280 Pa。而优良的可建造性不仅需要适中的动态屈服应力，还需要静态屈服应力大于950 Pa。
- 3D打印水泥基材料 /
- 玄武岩纤维 /
- 流变特性 /
- 可打印性 /
- 可挤出性 /
- 可建造性
Abstract: Basalt fiber is a fiber material with good mechanical properties, excellent corrosion resistance and high cost performance. Incorporating it into 3D printing cement-based materials can inhibit plastic shrinkage and cracking. The addition of basalt fiber will significantly change the rheological properties of 3D printing cement-based materials, which will affect the extrudability and buildability of 3D printing cement-based materials. This article aimed to clarify the influence of basalt fiber on the printability of 3D printing cement-based materials. By changing the fiber content, diameter and length, the effects of basalt fiber properties on the rheological properties, extrudability and buildability of 3D printing cement-based materials were studied. The relationship between rheological properties and extrudability and buildability was clarified. The results show that the amount of basalt fiber has the largest influence on the rheological parameters of 3D printing cement-based materials, followed by the diameter. The dynamic yield stress is negatively correlated with the amount of extrusion per unit time. The static yield stress is positively correlated with the inclination angle of the printed specimen. The cross-sectional area ratio of the printed specimen is affected by comprehensive factors such as dynamic yield stress and static yield stress. Taken together, good extrudability requires moderate dynamic yield stress, about 280 Pa. Excellent buildability requires not only a moderate dynamic yield stress, but also the static yield stress greater than 950 Pa.
- 3D printing cement-based materials /
- basalt fiber /
- rheological properties /
- printability /
- extrudability /
- buildability

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图 1 (a) 玄武岩纤维的形貌；(b) 胶凝材料粒径分布曲线

OPC—Ordinary portland cement; SAC—Sulfoaluminate cement

Figure 1. (a) Morphology of basalt fiber; (b) Particle size distribution curves of cementitious material

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图 2 动态屈服应力测试制度示意图

Figure 2. Schematic diagram of dynamic yield stress testing system

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图 3 可建造性测试

α—Dip angle

Figure 3. Buildability test

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图 4 BF的掺量 (a)、长度 (b) 及直径 (c) 对3D打印水泥基材料动态屈服应力的影响

Figure 4. Influence of BF content (a), length (b) and diameter (c) on the dynamic yield stress of 3D printing cement-based materials

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图 5 BF的掺量 (a)、长度 (b) 及直径 (c) 对3D打印水泥基材料可挤出性的影响

Figure 5. Influence of BF content (a), length (b) and diameter (c) on the extrudability of 3D printing cement-based materials

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图 6 BF对3D打印水泥基材料的可挤出性与动态屈服应力线性拟合示意图

Figure 6. Diagram of linear fitting between extrudability and dynamic yield stress of BF on 3D printing cement-based materials

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图 7 BF的掺量 (a)、长度 (b) 及直径 (c) 对3D打印水泥基材料静态屈服应力的影响

Figure 7. Influence of BF content (a), length (b) and diameter (c) on the static yield stress of 3D printing cement-based materials

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图 8 BF的掺量 (a)、长度 (b) 及直径 (c) 对3D打印水泥基材料可建造性的影响

Figure 8. Influence of BF content (a), length (b) and diameter (c) on the buildability of 3D printing cement-based materials

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图 9 M2组 (a)、M3组 (b)和M4组 (c) 打印试件照片

Figure 9. Photos of M2 group (a), M3 group (b) and M4 group (c) printed specimens

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图 10 BF对3D打印水泥基材料的tanα与静态屈服应力线性拟合示意图

Figure 10. Schematic diagram of linear fitting between tanα and static yield stress of BF on 3D printing cement-based materials

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表 1 玄武岩纤维(BF)物理力学性能指标

Table 1. Physical and mechanical properties of basalt fiber (BF)

Sample	Diameter/μm	Length/mm	Density/(g·cm⁻³)	Elastic modulus/GPa	Tensile strength/MPa	Elongation at break/%
BF	12	6, 9, 12	2.64	91-110	4000-4800	2.4-3.0
	15	6, 9, 12, 18	2.64	91-110	4000-4800	2.4-3.0
	18	6, 9, 12	2.64	91-110	4000-4800	2.4-3.0

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表 2 3D打印水泥基材料配合比设计

Table 2. Mix design of 3D printing cement-based material

Group	OPC/wt%	SAC/wt%	SF/wt%	Sand/wt%	FX/wt%	Water/wt%	HRWRA/wt%	Basalt fiber
M1	8.5	1	0.5	14	0.04	3.5	0.08	9 mm, 15 μm, 0vol%
M2	8.5	1	0.5	14	0.04	3.5	0.08	9 mm, 15 μm, 0.10vol%
M3	8.5	1	0.5	14	0.04	3.5	0.08	9 mm, 15 μm, 0.30vol%
M4	8.5	1	0.5	14	0.04	3.5	0.08	9 mm, 15 μm, 0.50vol%
M5	8.5	1	0.5	14	0.04	3.5	0.08	6 mm, 15 μm, 0.3vol%
M6	8.5	1	0.5	14	0.04	3.5	0.08	12 mm, 15 μm, 0.3vol%
M7	8.5	1	0.5	14	0.04	3.5	0.08	18 mm, 15 μm, 0.3vol%
M8	8.5	1	0.5	14	0.04	3.5	0.08	9 mm, 12 μm, 0.3vol%
M9	8.5	1	0.5	14	0.04	3.5	0.08	9 mm, 18 μm, 0.3vol%
Notes: SF—Silica fume; FX—Dispersible latex powder; HRWRA—Polycarboxylic acid superplasticizer; All figures in the table are the weight ratio of SAC, except for fiber content (volume fraction).

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表 3 BF特性正交试验设计方案

Table 3. Orthogonal test design scheme of BF properties

Group	OPC/wt%	SAC/wt%	SF/wt%	Sand/wt%	FX/wt%	Water/wt%	HRWRA/wt%	BF fiber	Combination
1	8.5	1	0.5	14	0.04	3.5	0.08	6 mm, 0.1vol%, 12 μm	A₁B₁C₁
2	8.5	1	0.5	14	0.04	3.5	0.08	6 mm, 0.3vol%, 15 μm	A₁B₂C₂
3	8.5	1	0.5	14	0.04	3.5	0.08	6 mm, 0.5vol%, 18 μm	A₁B₃C₃
4	8.5	1	0.5	14	0.04	3.5	0.08	9 mm, 0.1vol%, 15 μm	A₂B₁C₂
5	8.5	1	0.5	14	0.04	3.5	0.08	9 mm, 0.3vol%, 18 μm	A₂B₂C₃
6	8.5	1	0.5	14	0.04	3.5	0.08	9 mm, 0.5vol%, 12 μm	A₂B₃C₁
7	8.5	1	0.5	14	0.04	3.5	0.08	12 mm, 0.1vol%, 18 μm	A₃B₁C₃
8	8.5	1	0.5	14	0.04	3.5	0.08	12 mm, 0.3vol%, 12 μm	A₃B₂C₁
9	8.5	1	0.5	14	0.04	3.5	0.08	12 mm, 0.5vol%, 15 μm	A₃B₃C₂

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表 4 BF对3D打印水泥基材料的动态屈服应力和可挤出性正交试验测试结果

Table 4. Orthogonal test results of dynamic yield stress and extrudability of BF on 3D printing cement-based materials

Group	Combination	Dynamic yield stress/Pa	Extrudability/g
Group	Combination	20 min	20 min
1	A₁B₁C₁	225.46	2485
2	A₁B₂C₂	279.57	1830
3	A₁B₃C₃	230.36	2515
4	A₂B₁C₂	198.87	2578
5	A₂B₂C₃	219.89	2577
6	A₂B₃C₁	297.51	1330
7	A₃B₁C₃	232.29	2199
8	A₃B₂C₁	321.98	1255
9	A₃B₃C₂	308.43	1200

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表 5 BF对3D打印水泥基材料的动态屈服应力和可挤出性正交试验测试分析结果

Table 5. Orthogonal test analysis results of dynamic yield stress and extrudability of BF on 3D printing cement-based materials

	Dynamic yield stress/Pa			Extrudability/g
	Length (A)	Dosage (B)	Diameter (C)	Length (A)	Dosage (B)	Diameter (C)
T₁	735.39	656.62	844.95	6830.00	7262.00	5070.00
T₂	716.27	821.44	786.87	6485.00	5662.00	5608.00
T₃	862.70	836.30	682.54	4654.00	5045.00	7291.00
t₁	245.13	218.87	281.65	2276.67	2420.67	1690.00
t₂	238.76	273.81	262.29	2161.67	1887.33	1869.33
t₃	287.57	278.77	227.51	1551.33	1681.67	2430.33
Range R	48.81	59.89	54.14	725.34	739.00	740.33
Superior level	A3	B2	C1	A3	B2	C2
Primary and secondary order	B>C>A			C>B>A
Notes: T_x—Sum of the test results of the corresponding factors, such as: T₁-Length (A)=225.46+279.57+230.36=735.39; t_x—Mean value of the sum of the test results of the three-factor experiment, such as: t₁-Length (A)=(225.46+279.57+230.36)/3=245.13; Range R—Difference between the maximum value and the minimum value in the t_x value, such as: for extrudability testing, Range R-Dosage (B)=2420.67−1681.67=739.00; Primary and secondary order are judged based on range R. The larger the range R, the greater the influence weight.

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表 6 BF对3D打印水泥基材料的可建造性单一变量试验测试结果

Table 6. Test results of single variable test for buildability of BF on 3D printing cement-based materials

Group	BF fiber	Buildability
Group	BF fiber	High/mm	Upper width/mm	Lower width/mm	tanα	Cross-sectional area ratio
M1	9 mm, 15 μm, 0vol%	72	58	110	2.77	1.80
M2	9 mm, 15 μm, 0.10vol%	75	54	100	3.26	1.72
M3	9 mm, 15 μm, 0.30vol%	79	42	48	26.33	1.06
M4	9 mm, 15 μm, 0.50vol%	78	38	41	52.00	0.92
M5	6 mm, 15 μm, 0.3vol%	78	40	44	39.00	0.98
M6	12 mm, 15 μm, 0.3vol%	78	35	37.5	62.40	0.84
M7	18 mm, 15 μm, 0.3vol%	40	20	21	80.00	0.24
M8	9 mm, 12 μm, 0.3vol%	77	42	46	38.50	1.01
M9	9 mm, 18 μm, 0.3vol%	74	56	94	3.89	1.65

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表 7 BF对3D打印水泥基材料的可建造性正交试验测试结果

Table 7. Orthogonal test results of buildability of BF on 3D printing cement-based materials

Group	Combination	Static yield stress/Pa	Buildability
Group	Combination	20 min	High/mm	Upper width/mm	Lower width/mm	tanα	Cross-sectional area ratio
1	A₁B₁C₁	740.38	75	50	78	5.36	1.43
2	A₁B₂C₂	937.76	78	40	44	39.00	1.00
3	A₁B₃C₃	751.08	76	48	76	5.43	1.40
4	A₂B₁C₂	700.78	75	54	100	3.26	1.76
5	A₂B₂C₃	691.97	74	56	94	3.89	1.65
6	A₂B₃C₁	1034.53	77	37	40.5	44.00	0.89
7	A₃B₁C₃	726.87	74	52	94	3.52	1.61
8	A₃B₂C₁	1085.94	75	35	38	50.00	0.81
9	A₃B₃C₂	1100.78	74	36	39	49.33	0.83

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表 8 BF对3D打印水泥基材料的静态屈服应力和可建造性正交试验分析结果

Table 8. Orthogonal test analysis results of static yield stress and constructability of BF on 3D printing cement-based materials

	Static yield stress/Pa			tanα			Cross-sectional area ratio
	Length (A)	Dosage (B)	Diameter (C)	Length (A)	Dosage (B)	Diameter (C)	Length (A)	Dosage (B)	Diameter (C)
T₁	2429.22	2168.03	2860.85	49.79	12.14	99.36	3.83	4.80	3.13
T₂	2427.28	2715.67	2739.32	51.16	92.89	91.59	4.30	3.47	3.59
T₃	2913.59	2886.39	2169.92	102.86	98.76	12.85	3.25	3.12	4.66
t₁	809.74	722.68	953.62	16.60	4.05	33.12	1.28	1.60	1.04
t₂	809.09	905.22	913.11	17.05	30.96	30.53	1.43	1.16	1.20
t₃	971.20	962.13	723.31	34.29	32.92	4.28	1.08	1.04	1.55
Range R	162.10	239.45	230.31	17.69	28.87	28.84	0.35	0.56	0.51
Superior level	A3	B3	C1	A3	B3	C1	A3	B3	C1
Primary and secondary order	B>C>A			B>C>A			B>C>A

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