Preparation and properties of regenerated polyester hollow fiber wikis for sound absorption
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摘要: 随着环境污染问题的不断加剧，瓶片基再生聚酯纤维的开发和应用有重要意义。本研究以再生聚酯中空纤维和皮芯型热粘合纤维为原料，通过热风固结成型制备具有多尺度微孔的吸声材料，表征了聚酯中空纤维的结构与性能，采用驻波管法研究了中空纤维的线密度与吸声效果的关系，并提出了“多级”吸声理论。研究结果表明，线密度为10 D的中空纤维具有最大的中空度，最好的韧性，最优的吸声效果；吸声系数和降噪系数随厚度的增加线性增加，当厚度为2 cm时，降噪系数NRC将大于0.5 ，有望成为理想的吸声材料。Abstract: With the increasing problem of environmental pollution, the development and application of recycled polyester fiber from bottle polyester substrate has great significance. The basic materials employed in this work were recycled polyester hollow fibers and sheath-core thermal bonding fibers, and a sound-absorbing material with multi-scale micropores was created using the hot air consolidation method. Characterized the structure and properties of the polyester hollow fiber. The link between the linear density of the hollow fiber and the sound absorption effect was investigated using the impedance tube method. Also, put forward the "multi-stage" sound absorption theory. The hollow fiber with a linear density of 10 D has the largest hollowness, the best durability, and the best sound absorption effect, according to the findings. The sound absorption coefficient and noise reduction coefficient for hollow fibers increase linearly with their thickness. When the thickness reaches 2 cm, The Noise Reduction Coefficient (NRC) is greater than 0.5, which can be used as an ideal sound-absorbing material.
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图 1 热风固结吸声材料制备工艺流程图
Figure 1. Heat-air solidified sound-absorbing material preparation process flow chart
图 2 中空聚酯纤维的截面偏光图：(a) 3.3 D；(b) 6.6 D；(c) 10 D；(d) 15 D和皮芯型热粘合纤维 (e)
Figure 2. Sectional polarization of hollow polyester fiber: (a) 3.3 D； (b) 6.6 D；(c) 10 D ；(d) 15 D and skin-core heat-bonded fiber (e)
图 3 不同纤度聚酯中空纤维的断裂强度和断裂伸长率
Figure 3. Breaking strength and elongation at break of hollow polyester fibers with different fineness
图 4 吸声样品原料纤维(a)(b)及材料样品(c)(d)的热分析曲线
Figure 4. Thermal analysis curves of raw fiber (a) (b) and material (c) (d) of sound absorption sample
图 5 热风固结吸声材料的表面(a)(b)和截面(c)(d)的SEM图像
Figure 5. SEM images of surface (a) (b) and section (c) (d) of sound absorption sample material under hot air consolidation
图 6 吸声材料的应力响应示意图(a)和响应曲线(b)
Figure 6. Schematic diagram of stress response of sound absorbing materials (a) and response curve (b)
图 7 不同纤度制备的吸声材料吸声系数图
Figure 7. Sound absorption coefficient of sound-absorbing felt prepared with different sizes
图 8 聚酯中空纤维所制备的吸声材料的吸声机制图(图中(a)是驻波管；(b)是吸声材料；(c)是声波在纤维间孔洞中折损；(d)是声波在纤维中空的折损；(e)是纤维自身的振动)
Figure 8. Sound absorption mechanism diagram of sound-absorbing felt made of hollow polyester fiber ((a) is a standing wave tube; (b) is sound absorbing material; (c) is acoustic wave loss in interfiber holes; (d) is the loss of acoustic wave in the hollow of the fiber; (e) is for vibration of the fiber itself.)
图 9 厚度对3#吸声样品材料吸声效果的影响
Figure 9. Thickness of 3# sound-absorbing material on sound absorption effect
表 1 四种吸声材料的原料规格、厚度和密度
Table 1. specification, thickness and density of sound-absorbing felt
Sample number Denier of hollow
polyester fiber/DThickness /cm Density /(g·cm−3) 1# 3.3 D 0.64±0.002 0.25±0.020 2# 6.6 D 0.64±0.003 3# 10 D 0.64±0.001 4# 15 D 0.64±0.002 
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表 2 聚酯中空纤维的中空度
Table 2. Hollow degree of hollow polyester fiber
Fiber
denierHollow
degree/%Mean diameter of
hollow part /μm3.3 D 22.25 6.62 6.6 D 22.36 13.08 10 D 26.57 15.54 15 D 23.51 16.25
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