Fabrication of high and low adhesive superhydrophobic coatings with magnesium oxysulfate whiskers and SiO2 nanoparticles
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摘要: 超疏水材料因性能独特,应用前景广阔而被广泛关注。本文采用碱式硫酸镁晶须(MOSWs)与二氧化硅纳米粒子制备超疏水涂层,首先对MOSWs及50 nm、500 nm SiO2进行表面改性以降低表面能,然后基于混料实验将三者按比例混合以构造表面粗糙度,以接触角、滚动角及平均粗糙度Ra为响应变量建立回归模型,分析了混合分量的形貌、尺寸与混合比例对响应变量的影响,并探讨了超疏水涂层微观结构对水滴黏附性的影响以及粗糙度与超疏水性能之间的关系。结果表明:MOSWs复合SiO2纳米粒子可制备具有不同黏附性的超疏水涂层,单独使用MOSWs可制备高黏附性超疏水涂层,其接触角达152.59°,涂层水平倒置水滴不滴落;而MOSWs与50 nm SiO2以相同质量分数混合,可制备低黏附性超疏水涂层,其接触角达163.25°,滚动角可趋近0°。所制备涂层的平均粗糙度Ra值位于5~10 μm之间时,接触角较大,滚动角较小,超疏水性能较佳。Abstract: Superhydrophobic materials have been received extensive attention due to their unique properties and wide applications. In this work, two kinds of superhydrophobic coatings were successfully fabricated with magnesium oxysulfate whiskers (MOSWs) and nano-silica. Firstly, surface modifications for MOSWs and nano-silica (with size of 50 nm and 500 nm) were carried out to reduce their surface energy. Then, surface roughness was constructed by mixing MOSWs and nano-silica based on a mixture design approach, which was studied using contact angle, sliding angle and average roughness (Ra) as response variables to illustrate causality among morphology, size and mixing ratio. Furthermore, the adhesive property of superhydrophobic coatings to water droplets was illustrated. The influences of roughness on superhydrophobic properties were investigated in detail. Based on the obtained results, superhydrophobic coatings with different adhesive properties were fabricated. The results show that the high adhesive superhydrophobic coating can be obtained using MOSWs as the raw material, whose contact angle is about 152.59°, and water droplets do not drip when the coating is turned upside down. The low adhesive superhydrophobic coating can be prepared by mixing MOSWs and 50 nm silica with the same mass fraction, whose contact angle and sliding angle are about 163.25° and 0°, respectively. Importantly, the excellent properties can be obtained for the low adhesive coating, when the average roughness (Ra) is between 5-10 μm.
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Key words:
- magnesium oxysulfate whisker /
- superhydrophobicity /
- surface modification /
- mixture design /
- adhesion
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表 1 混料实验设计表及3个响应变量的测试结果
Table 1. Mixture design table and test results of three response variables
Standard order Mix proportion of
A
(50 nm SiO2)/wt%Mix proportion of
B
(500 nm SiO2)/wt%Mix proportion of
C (MOSWs)/wt%Contact angle/(°) Sliding angle/(°) Average roughness Ra/μm 10 0.167 0.167 0.667 159.51 3.8 12.36 9 0.167 0.667 0.167 156.81 5.4 10.92 8 0.667 0.167 0.167 159.74 0.8 6.04 5 0.500 0.000 0.500 163.25 0.1 7.40 7 0.333 0.333 0.333 160.53 3.3 8.94 2 0.000 1.000 0.000 158.45 0.1 22.70 1 1.000 0.000 0.000 158.10 0.1 2.29 3 0.000 0.000 1.000 152.59 180.0 14.60 6 0.000 0.500 0.500 159.55 13.2 15.45 4 0.500 0.500 0.000 158.59 1.4 5.18 -
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