Tensile properties of bamboo fiber/zein composite films based on biochar enhancement
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摘要: 为改善玉米醇溶蛋白(Zein)的拉伸性能，本文以竹粉为原料制备生物炭，以球磨后的生物炭(0.536 μm)、竹纤维(2.157 μm)为增强相，以Zein为连续相，利用溶液浇注法制备复合膜材料，并对复合膜材料的基本特性与拉伸性能进行了研究。结果表明，生物炭与竹纤维加入没有改变Zein的晶面结构，提高了Zein的无序性，降低了Zein的脆性，提高了Zein的韧性。生物炭的加入降低了竹纤维/Zein复合膜的亲水性，降低了竹纤维/Zein复合膜的热稳定性，改善了竹纤维/Zein复合膜的拉伸性能。相比而言，添加0.2 g竹纤维、0.1 g生物炭的Zein复合膜材料的拉伸性能最佳，其拉伸强度、拉伸模量、断裂伸长率分别为0.24 MPa、4.17 MPa、327.27%。本文制备的复合膜材料具有较好的拉伸性能，在包装膜材料领域具有一定的应用潜力。Abstract: In order to improve the tensile properties of zein films, composite films were prepared using ball milled bamboo biochar (0.536 μm) and bamboo fibers (2.157 μm) as enhanced phase and zein as continuous phase by solution pouring method. The basic features and tensile properties of the composite films were studied. The results show that biochar and bamboo fiber do not change the crystal structure of zein, and they increase the disorder, reduce the fragility, and improve the toughness of zein. The addition of biochar improves the hydrophobicity, accelerates the thermal decomposition, and improves the tensile properties of the bamboo fiber/zein composite films. As a comparison, the best tensile properties of the composites films is obtained by adding 0.2 g bamboo fiber and 0.1 g biochar, its tensile strength, tensile modulus, elongation at break are 0.24 MPa, 4.17 MPa, and 327.27%, respectively. The composite films prepared in this study exhibit good toughness showing application potential in packaging film materials.
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Key words:
- biochar /
- zein /
- bamboo fiber /
- composite films /
- tensile properties /
- packaging film materials
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图 4 不同玉米醇溶蛋白复合膜样品的热性能失重曲线(a)、失重速率曲线(b)和热流量曲线(c)
Figure 4. Thermal properties of different zein composite films weight loss curves (a), weight loss rate curves (b) and heat flow curves (c)
T1-T4—Temperature of weight loss rate peaks of different Zein composite films; T5-T6—Temperature of heat flow peaks of different Zein composite films
表 1 玉米醇溶蛋白复合膜材料的原料配比
Table 1. Raw material ratios of zein composite films
g Sample Zein PEG Glycerol BC BF Zein 10 2 2 0.0 0.0 2wt%BF/Zein 10 2 2 0.0 0.2 1wt%BC-2wt%BF/Zein 10 2 2 0.1 0.2 4wt%BF/Zein 10 2 2 0.0 0.4 1wt%BC-4wt%BF/Zein 10 2 2 0.1 0.4 6wt%BF/Zein 10 2 2 0.0 0.6 1wt%BC-6wt%BF/Zein 10 2 2 0.1 0.6 8wt%BF/Zein 10 2 2 0.0 0.8 1wt%BC-8wt%BF/Zein 10 2 2 0.1 0.8 Notes: PEG—Polyethylene glycol; BC—Biochar; BF—Bamboo fiber. 
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表 2 不同玉米醇溶蛋白复合膜样品第10 s的接触角
Table 2. Contact angles of different zein composite films at 10 s
Sample Left contact
angle/(°)Right contact
angle/(°)Zein 54.80 55.29 2wt%BF/Zein 46.71 42.01 1wt%BC-2wt%BF/Zein 52.49 49.45 4wt%BF/Zein 57.90 52.50 1wt%BC-4wt%BF/Zein 54.45 56.37 6wt%BF/Zein 49.58 53.01 1wt%BC-6wt%BF/Zein 60.57 57.92 8wt%BF/Zein 53.76 54.67 1wt%BC-8wt%BF/Zein 55.06 54.96
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表 3 不同玉米醇溶蛋白复合膜样品的热性能参数
Table 3. Thermal properties parameters of different zein composite films
Sample T1/℃ T2/℃ T3/℃ T4/℃ T5/℃ T6/℃ Zein 60.85 132.73 250.84 329.16 135.02 544.17 2wt%BF/Zein 73.98 135.59 250.38 330.49 157.51 553.26 1wt%BC-2wt%BF/Zein 69.65 150.38 257.28 330.56 155.13 552.49 4wt%BF/Zein 71.64 147.53 251.91 329.32 169.22 562.11 1wt%BC-4wt%BF/Zein 68.01 141.79 249.16 331.77 151.07 544.83 6wt%BF/Zein 70.92 150.07 251.27 329.15 153.41 549.76 1wt%BC-6wt%BF/Zein 66.77 148.44 248.80 330.14 149.09 546.78 8wt%BF/Zein 67.79 152.26 256.65 328.94 152.71 555.34 1wt%BC-8wt%BF/Zein 66.43 148.71 254.92 328.78 150.01 550.15
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