玻璃微珠/环氧树脂复合材料的动静态力学性能研究

刘鑫; 袁野; 曲嘉

doi:10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20220930.003

玻璃微珠/环氧树脂复合材料的动静态力学性能研究

doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20220930.003

哈尔滨工程大学　航天与建筑工程学院，哈尔滨 150001

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金 (11972007)

详细信息

通讯作者:
曲嘉，博士，副教授，博士生导师，研究方向为冲击动力学　E-mail: qujia@hrbeu.edu.cn

中图分类号: TB332
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-07-21
- 修回日期: 2022-08-28
- 录用日期: 2022-09-20
- 网络出版日期: 2022-10-06
- 刊出日期: 2023-07-15

Study on dynamic and static mechanical properties of glass beads/epoxy resin composites

College of Aerospace and Civil Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China

Funds: National Natural Science Foundation of China (11972007)

摘要

摘要: 玻璃微珠浮力材料是一种由空心玻璃微珠(HGB)和环氧树脂制造的二相复合材料。玻璃微珠材料因其具有低密度、高强度、吸水率低等特点被广泛应用于建材、航海、航天等领域。其静态力学性能已经得到充分地研究，但对其动态力学性能的研究尚不能满足工程应用需求。采用INSTRON电子万能试验机和分离式霍普金森压杆(SHPB)对HGB/环氧树脂复合材料进行了准静态/动态加载情况下的压缩、劈拉、伪三轴压缩实验。结果表明，HGB/环氧树脂复合材料具有较强的应变率敏感性。其抗压强度、劈裂抗拉强度随应变率增加而增加，表现出应变率增强效应。其破坏形式也存在应变率敏感特性，随着应变率的提高其脆性增加。对比单轴压缩以及伪三轴压缩，发现材料在伪三轴压缩情况下较单轴压缩时抗压强度增强。
- 空心玻璃微珠复合材料 /
- 力学性能 /
- 分离式霍普金森压杆(SHPB) /
- 伪三轴加载 /
- 应变率敏感性
Abstract: Glass bead buoyancy material is a two-phase composite material made of hollow glass bead (HGB) and epoxy resin. Glass bead has been widely used in building materials, navigation, aerospace and other fields because of its low density, high strength and low water absorption. Its static mechanical properties have been fully studied, but its dynamic mechanical properties are less studied, which are not enough to meet the needs of engineering applications. The compression, splitting and pseudo-triaxial compression experiments of HGB/epoxy resin composites under quasi-static/dynamic loading were carried out by INSTRON electronic universal testing machine and split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB). The results show that HGB/epoxy composite has strong strain rate sensitivity. The compressive strength and splitting resistance increase with the increase of strain rate, showing strain rate enhancement effect. The failure mode is also rate sensitive, and its brittleness increases with the increase of strain rate. Comparing uniaxial compression with pseudo triaxial compression, it is found that the compressive strength of the material under pseudo triaxial compression is higher than that under uniaxial compression.
- hollow glass bead composite material /
- mechanical properties /
- split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) /
- pseudo triaxial loading /
- strain rate sensitivity

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图 1 空心玻璃微珠(HGB)/环氧树脂复合材料准静态单轴压缩试件： (a) 试件夹持方式；(b) 试件破坏模式

Figure 1. Quasi-static uniaxial compression specimen of hollow glass bead (HGB)/epoxy resin composite: (a) Clamping mode of specimen; (b) Failure mode of specimen

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图 2 HGB/环氧树脂复合材料准静态劈拉试件：(a) 试件夹持方式；(b) 试件破坏模式

Figure 2. Quasi-static splitting specimen of HGB/epoxy resin composite: (a) Clamping mode of specimen; (b) Failure mode of specimen

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图 3 HGB/环氧树脂复合材料伪三轴压缩试件：(a) 夹具；(b)试件组装图

Figure 3. HGB/epoxy resin composite pseudo-triaxial compression specimen: (a) Fixture; (b) Assembly diagram of specimen

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图 4 分离式霍普金森压杆 (SHPB)装置示意图

Figure 4. Schematic diagram of split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) device

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图 5 HGB/环氧树脂复合材料动态实验试件破坏模式：(a) 单轴压缩试件；(b) 劈拉试件；(c) 伪三轴压缩试件

Figure 5. Failure modes of HGB/epoxy resin composite specimen in dynamic experiment: (a) Uniaxial compression specimen; (b) Splitting specimen; (c) Pseudo-triaxial compression specimen

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图 6 HGB/环氧树脂复合材料试件在应变率为850 s⁻¹实验中达到应力平衡

Figure 6. Stress equilibrium obtained in the HGB/epoxy composite specimens at strain rate of 850 s⁻¹

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图 7 10⁻³ s⁻¹应变率下不同HGB/环氧树脂复合材料试件的单轴压缩应力-应变曲线

Figure 7. Stress-strain curves of different HGB/epoxy composite specimens under uniaxial compression at strain rates of 10⁻³ s⁻¹

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图 8 不同应变率下HGB/环氧树脂复合材料试件的单轴压缩应力-应变曲线

Figure 8. Stress-strain curves of HGB/epoxy composite specimens under uniaxial compression at different strain rates

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图 9 HGB/环氧树脂复合材料试件单轴压缩强度-应变率曲线

Figure 9. Uniaxial compression strength-strain rate curve of HGB/epoxy resin composite specimen

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图 10 HGB/环氧树脂复合材料试件准静态劈拉实验载荷-位移曲线

Figure 10. Force-displacement curve of HGB/epoxy composite specimen in quasi-static splitting experiment

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图 11 HGB/环氧树脂复合材料试件动态劈拉加载下应力-时间曲线

Figure 11. Stress-time curves of HGB/epoxy composite specimens under dynamic splitting loading

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图 12 HGB/环氧树脂复合材料试件劈裂抗拉强度-应变率曲线

Figure 12. Splitting tensile strength-strain rate curve of HGB/epoxy composite specimen

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图 13 不同应变率下HGB/环氧树脂复合材料伪三轴压缩试件应力-应变曲线

Figure 13. Stress-strain curves of HGB/epoxy composite specimen under pseudo-triaxial compression with different strain rates

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图 14 3种实验条件下，HGB/环氧树脂复合材料试件上一点应力状态

Figure 14. Stress state at a point on the HGB/epoxy composite specimen under three experimental conditions

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表 1 相近应变率下HGB/环氧树脂复合材料试件单轴压缩强度与伪三轴压缩强度

Table 1. Uniaxial compressive strength and pseudo-triaxial compressive strength of HGB epoxy composite specimens at similar strain rates

Test	$\sigma _{\rm{U}}^{0.001}$	$\sigma _{\rm{P}}^{0.001}$	$\sigma _{\rm{U}}^{850}$	$\sigma _{\rm{P}}^{850}$
Yield stress (MPa)	89.86	94.02	114.15	145.76
Note: ${\sigma _X^Y}$: Y is the strain rate; X represents the loading mode of the specimen (${\sigma _{\rm{U}}}$ refers to the yield stress under uniaxial compression loading; ${\sigma _{\rm{P}}}$ refers to the yield stress under pseudo-triaxial compression loading).

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