Mechanical prediction and experimental verification of self-lubricating fabric composites
-
摘要: 利用有限元模型对自润滑织物复合材料的拉伸强度进行预测,得到了复合材料的磨损率预测模型。采用TexGen建立了自润滑织物复合材料的单胞有限元模型,利用ABAQUS对复合材料的拉伸进行了有限元模拟,最后通过实验验证了复合材料的拉伸强度。结果表明,复合材料经向模拟值与实验值差异率为6.71%,纬向差异率为5.51%,从而说明复合材料有限元模型具有较高的可靠性。从拉伸应力云图可得复合材料的拉伸强度由拉伸方向的纤维的弹性模量决定。在此基础上对自润滑织物复合材料的磨损率及摩擦磨损机制分析,建立复合材料的拉伸强度与磨损率之间的映射关系,预测模型得到的磨损率预测值与实验结果的平均差异率为8.43%,表明体积磨损率预测模型的可靠性。Abstract: The finite element model was used to predict the tensile strength of the self-lubricating fabric composites, and the wear rate prediction model of the composites was obtained. The unit cell finite element model of self-lubricating fabric composites was established by TexGen, and ABAQUS was used to perform finite element simulation of composites stretching, the tensile strength of the composites was verified by experiments lastly. The results show that the difference rate between the simulated value of the composites in the warp direction and the experimental value is 6.71%, and the rate of difference in the weft direction is 5.51%, indicating that finite element model of the composites has high reliability. From the tensile stress cloud diagram, it can be seen that the tensile strength of the composites is determined by the elastic modulus of the fiber in the tensile direction. On this basis, analysis of the wear rate and friction and wear mechanism of self-lubricating fabric composites, the mapping relationship between the tensile strength and the wear rate of the composites was studied. The difference rate between the predicted value of the wear rate obtained by the prediction model and the experimental result is 8.43% on average, indicating reliability of the volume wear rate prediction model.
-
Key words:
- self-lubricating fabric composites /
- finite element /
- model /
- tensile strength /
- wear rate
-
表 1 织物复合材料的性能
Table 1. Properities of fabric composites
No. Fabric Warp density/
(roots/10 cm)Weft density/
(roots/10 cm)Warp Weft N1 PMIA PMIA+PTFE 450±10 280±10 N2 PMIA PI+PTFE N3 PMIA PEEK+PTFE N4 PMIA F-3+PTFE N5 PMIA PPS+PTFE P1 PI PMIA+PTFE P2 PI PI+PTFE P3 PI PEEK+PTFE P4 PI F-3+PTFE Notes: PMIA—Polyisophthalamid; PI—Polyimid; PEEK—Polyether-ether-ketone; F-3—Cycloaromatic polyamide; PPS—Polyphenylene sulfide. 表 2 自润织物复合材料细观参数
Table 2. Microscopic parameters of self-lubricating fabric composites
No. Thickness/
mmWeft Warp Width Height Spacing Width Height Spacing N1 0.253 0.150 0.131 0.225 0.150 0.131 0.302 N2 0.264 0.146 0.132 0.230 0.146 0.132 0.298 N3 0.254 0.152 0.129 0.229 0.152 0.129 0.231 N4 0.262 0.148 0.125 0.215 0.148 0.125 0.234 N5 0.252 0.153 0.127 0.227 0.153 0.127 0.265 P1 0.257 0.149 0.133 0.241 0.149 0.133 0.302 P2 0.263 0.154 0.131 0.244 0.154 0.131 0.298 P3 0.259 0.156 0.127 0.254 0.156 0.127 0.304 P4 0.258 0.151 0.128 0.245 0.151 0.128 0.302 -
[1] REN G N, ZHANG Z Z, SONG Y M, et al. Effect of MWCNTs-GO hybrids on tribological performance of hybrid PTFE/Nomex fabric/phenolic composite[J]. Composites Science and Technology,2017,146:155-160. doi: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2017.04.022 [2] YANG M M, YUAN J Y, MEN X H, et al. Effect of ZrB2 particles incorporation on high-temperature tribological properties of hybrid PTFE/Nomex fabric/phenolic composite[J]. Tribology International,2016,99:289-295. doi: 10.1016/j.triboint.2016.03.033 [3] WANG H, QI X W, ZHANG W L, et al. Tribological properties of PTFE/Kevlar fabric composites under heavy loading[J]. Tribology International,2020,151:106507. doi: 10.1016/j.triboint.2020.106507 [4] WANG B B, FU Q G, LI H J, et al. In situ growth of graphene on carbon fabrics with enhanced mechanical and thermal properties for tribological applications of carbon fabric-phenolic composites[J]. Tribology Transactions,2019,62(5):850-858. doi: 10.1080/10402004.2019.1626519 [5] QIU M, YANG Z, LU J, et al. Influence of step load on tribological properties of self-lubricating radial spherical plain bearings with PTFE fabric liner[J]. Tribology International,2017,113:344-353. doi: 10.1016/j.triboint.2017.02.047 [6] 李俊超, 朱丽娜, 马国政, 等. 自润滑关节轴承质量检测及寿命评估研究现状[J]. 材料导报, 2018, 32(21):3796-3804. doi: 10.11896/j.issn.1005-023X.2018.21.017LI Junchao, ZHU Lina, MA Guozheng, et al. Research status on quality inspection and life evaluation of self-lubricating spherical plain bearings[J]. Materials Review,2018,32(21):3796-3804(in Chinese). doi: 10.11896/j.issn.1005-023X.2018.21.017 [7] 苏萌, 任放俞, 鸣明, 等. 温度和纱线捻向对自润滑织物复合材料摩擦磨损性能的影响[J]. 高分子材料科学与工程, 2019, 35(9):82-88, 94. doi: 10.16865/j.cnki.1000-7555.2019.0240SU Meng, REN Fangyu, YU Ming, et al. Influence of temperature and yarn twisting direction on the tribological properties of self-lubricating fabric composites[J]. Polymer Materials Science & Engineering,2019,35(9):82-88, 94(in Chinese). doi: 10.16865/j.cnki.1000-7555.2019.0240 [8] ZHAO X, OUYANG J, TAN Q, et al. Interfacial characteristics between mineral fillers and phenolic resin in friction materials[J]. Materials Express: An International Journal on Multidisciplinary Materials Research,2020,10(1):70-80. doi: 10.1166/mex.2020.1596 [9] SAHIN Y, DE BAETS P. Friction and wear behavior of carbon fabric-reinforced epoxy composites[J]. JOM,2017,69(12):2443-2447. doi: 10.1007/s11837-017-2273-2 [10] STOLYAROV O, QUADFLIEG T, GRIES T. Characterization of shear behavior of warp-knitted fabrics applied to composite reinforcement[J]. The Journal of the Textile Institute,2017,108(1):89-94. doi: 10.1080/00405000.2016.1153876 [11] GU D, ZHANG L, CHEN S, et al. Reciprocating sliding wear of hybrid PTFE/Kevlar fabric composites along different orientations[J]. RSC Advances,2018,8(37):20877-20883. doi: 10.1039/c8ra03290d [12] LV M, ZHENG F, WANG Q, et al. Friction and wear behaviors of carbon and aramid fibers reinforced polyimide composites in simulated space environment[J]. Tribology International,2015,92:246-254. doi: 10.1016/j.triboint.2015.06.004 [13] ZHAO Z K, DU S S, LI F, et al. Mechanical and tribological properties of short glass fiber and short carbon fiber reinforced polyethersulfone composites: A comparative study[J]. Composites Communications,2018,8:1-6. doi: 10.1016/j.coco.2018.02.001 [14] PATEL V K, CHAUHAN S, KATIYAR J K. Physico-mechanical and wear properties of novel sustainable sour-weed fiber reinforced polyester composites[J]. Materials Research Express,2018,5(4):045310. doi: 10.1088/2053-1591/aabdd4 [15] SUN W, GU Y, YANG Z, et al. Enhanced tribological performance of hybrid polytetrafluoroethylene/Kevlar fabric composite filled with milled pitch-based carbon fibers[J]. Journal of Applied Polymer Science,2018,135(19):46269. doi: 10.1002/app.46269 [16] XIONG X, SHEN S Z, ALAM N, et al. Mechanical and abrasive wear performance of woven flax fabric/polyoxymethylene composites[J]. Wear,2018,414-415:9-20. doi: 10.1016/j.wear.2018.07.010 [17] YANG X, WANG C, LI Y, et al. Temperature effect on compression property of multiaxial warp-knitted composites[J]. High Performance Polymers,2019,32(4):469-479. doi: 10.1177/0954008319882757 [18] LI H L, YIN Z W, JIANG D, et al. A study of the static/kinetic friction behavior of PTFE-based fabric composites[J]. Tribology Transactions,2017,61(1):122-132. doi: 10.1080/10402004.2017.1279700 [19] GU D, FAN B, LI F, et al. Wear process analysis of the polytetrafluoroethylene/Kevlar twill fabric based on the components’ distribution characteristics[J]. Autex Research Journal,2017,17(4):295-302. doi: 10.1515/aut-2016-0015 [20] LI H L, YIN Z, JIANG D, et al. Tribological behavior of hybrid PTFE/Kevlar fabric composites with different weave densities[J]. Industrial Lubrication & Tribology,2016,68(2):278-286. doi: 10.1108/ILT-08-2015-0118 [21] WANG L, ZHAO B, WU J, et al. Experimental and numerical investigation on mechanical behaviors of woven fabric composites under off-axial loading[J]. International Journal of Mechanical Sciences,2018,141:157-167. doi: 10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2018.03.030 [22] FERREIRA L M, GRACIANI E, PARIS F. Predicting failure load of a non-crimp fabric composite by means of a 3D finite element model including progressive damage[J]. Composite Structures,2019,225:111115. doi: 10.1016/j.compstruct.2019.111115 [23] DONG K, PENG X, ZHANG J J, et al. Temperature-dependent thermal expansion behaviors of carbon fiber/epoxy plain woven composites: Experimental and numerical studies[J]. Composite Structures,2017,176:329-341. doi: 10.1016/j.compstruct.2017.05.036 [24] ZHU L, LYU L, WANG Y, et al. Axial-compression performance and finite element analysis of a tubular three-dimensional-woven composite from a meso-structural approach sciencedirect[J]. Thin-Walled Structures,2020,157:107074. doi: 10.1016/j.tws.2020.107074 [25] STRIEWE J, REUTER C, SAUERLAND K H, et al. Manufacturing and crashworthiness of fabric-reinforced thermoplastic composites[J]. Thin-Walled Structures,2018,123:501-508. doi: 10.1016/j.tws.2017.11.011 [26] American Society for Testing and Materials. Standard test method for wear testing with a pin-on-disk apparatus: ASTM G99-17[S]. America: American Society for Testing and Materials, 2017. [27] 国防科学技术委员会. 低速摆动自润滑向心关节轴承规范: GJB 5502—2005[S]. 北京: 国防科工委军标出版发行部, 2005.Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense. Specification for low-speed oscillating and self-lubricating radial spherical plain bearings: GJB 5502—2005[S]. Beijing: Publication and Distribution Department of Military Tender, Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense, 2005.