Microstructure and corrosion properties of the laser cladding Al-TiC composite coating on AZ31 magnesium alloy
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摘要: 为有效改善AZ31镁合金表面的腐蚀性能，本文采用激光熔覆技术在AZ31镁合金表面成功制备了无缺陷的Al-TiC复合涂层。研究了不同成分含量的Al-TiC复合涂层的相组成、微观组织和耐腐蚀性能的影响。结果表明：在Al-TiC复合涂层内形成了大量的Al12Mg17、Mg2Al3和TiC相。复合涂层内微观组织呈现出连续网络状分布特征。随着Al-TiC混合粉末中Al含量的减小，复合涂层中Al12Mg17、Mg2Al3和TiC相的含量呈递增趋势，网络状分布的微观组织结构变得更加均匀连续。复合涂层与AZ31基体之间形成了良好的冶金结合界面。激光熔覆制备的Al-TiC复合涂层耐腐蚀性能较AZ31基体显著提升。自腐蚀电位由基体的−1.563 V提升至−1.144 V，自腐蚀电流由基体的1.55×10−4 A减小至2.63×10−6 A。
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关键词:
- 激光熔覆 /
- Al-TiC复合涂层 /
- AZ31合金 /
- 微观组织 /
- 耐腐蚀性
Abstract: In order to enhance the surface corrosion resistance of the AZ31 magnesium alloy, the defect-free Al-TiC composite coatings were prepared on AZ31 magnesium alloy using laser cladding technology. The influences of Al-TiC compositions with different contents on the phase composition, microstructure and corrosion resistance of the Al-TiC composite coatings were investigated. The results indicate that a large number of Al12Mg17, Mg2Al3 and TiC phases are produced in the Al-TiC composite coating. The microstructure of the composite coating characterizes as a continuous network distribution. With the decrease of the Al content in the composite powder, the contents of the Al12Mg17, Mg2Al3 and TiC phases in the composite coating gradually increase, and the network-like distribution characteristics of the microstructure in the composite coating become more uniform and continuous. In addition, a sound metallurgical bonding interface is prepared between the composite coating and the AZ31 substrate. The corrosion resistance of the Al-TiC composite coating prepared using the laser cladding technology is significantly enhanced compared to that of the AZ31 substrate. The self-corrosion potential increased from −1.563 V of the AZ31 substrate to −1.144 V of the Al-TiC composite coating, whereas the self-corrosion current decreased from 1.55×10−4 A to 2.63×10−6 A.-
Key words:
- laser cladding /
- Al-TiC composite coating /
- AZ31 alloy /
- microstructure /
- corrosion resistance
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图 3 Al-TiC复合涂层表面 ((a)~(c)) 及横截面 ((d)~(f)) 宏观成型
Figure 3. Surface ((a)-(c)) and cross-sectional ((d)-(f)) morphologies of Al-TiC composite coatings
图 4 Al-TiC复合涂层结合界面 ((a)~(c)) 及微观组织 ((d)~(f))
A, B—Test point
Figure 4. Bonding interface ((a)-(c)) and microstructure ((d)-(f)) of Al-TiC composite coatings
图 6 Al-TiC复合涂层(Al-5TiC)元素分布
Figure 6. Elemental mappings of Al-TiC composite coatings (Al-5TiC)
图 8 Al-TiC复合涂层(Al-20TiC)元素分布
Figure 8. Elemental mappings of Al-TiC composite coatings (Al-20TiC)
图 7 Al-TiC复合涂层(Al-10TiC)元素分布
Figure 7. Elemental mappings of Al-TiC composite coatings (Al-10TiC)
图 9 AZ31和Al-TiC复合涂层耐腐蚀性能
Figure 9. Corrosion resistance of AZ31 and Al-TiC composite coatings
图 10 AZ31和Al-TiC复合涂层的EIS等效电路图
Rs—Solution resistance; CPEf—Al-TiC composite coating capacitance; Rf—Al-TiC composite coating resistance; CPEdl—Electric double layer capacitor; Rct—Charge transfer resistance; L—Inductance; RL—Inductor resistance
Figure 10. EIS equivalent circuit diagram of AZ31 and Al-TiC composite coatings
图 11 AZ31和Al-TiC复合涂层表面腐蚀形貌
Figure 11. Corrosion morphologies of AZ31 and Al-TiC composite coatings
表 1 Al-TiC复合涂层具体粉末配比
Table 1. Specific ratios of the Al-TiC composite coatings
Sample Powders and powder ratio Al/wt% TiC/wt% Al-5TiC 95 5 Al-10TiC 90 10 Al-20TiC 80 20 
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表 2 A点和B点的EDS测试结果
Table 2. EDS analysis of point A and point B
Point Mg/at% Al/at% Zn/at% TiC/at% C/at% A 38.32 32.43 0.80 2.48 25.96 B 47.97 33.04 0.85 0.09 18.05
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表 3 AZ31和Al-TiC复合涂层的自腐蚀电位和自腐蚀电流
Table 3. Self-corrosion potential and self-corrosion current of the AZ31 and Al-TiC composite coatings
Sample Self-corrosion potential/V Self-corrosion current/A AZ31 −1.563 1.55×10−4 Al-5TiC −1.381 2.30×10−4 Al-10TiC −1.195 7.55×10−5 Al-20TiC −1.144 2.63×10−6
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表 4 等效电路模型拟合的电化学参数
Table 4. Electrochemical parameters fitted by the equivalent circuit model
Parameter Rs/(Ω·cm2) CPEf/(Ω·cm2·Sn) nf Rf/(Ω·cm2) CPEdl/(Ω·cm2·Sn) ndl Rct/(Ω·cm2) L/(H·cm2) RL/(Ω·cm2) AZ31 16.50 – – – 7.69×10−6 0.91 27.6 13.46 10.29 Al-5TiC 16.99 7.38×10−6 0.95 118.5 4.36×10−6 0.89 452.2 – – Al-10TiC 15.96 3.04×10−5 0.76 506.5 3.22×10−5 0.85 416.3 – – Al-20TiC 16.47 1.83×10−5 0.87 1045.0 1.01×10−4 0.68 774.8 – – Notes: nf—CPEf index; ndl—CPEdl index.
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