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木质素增强可自修复聚脲弹性体的制备与性能

邹佳利 于云鹏 闫雨晴 宋永明 房轶群 王清文

邹佳利, 于云鹏, 闫雨晴, 等. 木质素增强可自修复聚脲弹性体的制备与性能[J]. 复合材料学报, 2023, 40(10): 5666-5677. doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20221227.001
引用本文: 邹佳利, 于云鹏, 闫雨晴, 等. 木质素增强可自修复聚脲弹性体的制备与性能[J]. 复合材料学报, 2023, 40(10): 5666-5677. doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20221227.001
ZOU Jiali, YU Yunpeng, YAN Yuqing, et al. Fabrication and properties of lignin-reinforced self-healing polyurea elastomer[J]. Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica, 2023, 40(10): 5666-5677. doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20221227.001
Citation: ZOU Jiali, YU Yunpeng, YAN Yuqing, et al. Fabrication and properties of lignin-reinforced self-healing polyurea elastomer[J]. Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica, 2023, 40(10): 5666-5677. doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20221227.001

木质素增强可自修复聚脲弹性体的制备与性能

doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20221227.001
基金项目: “十三五”国家重点研发计划项目(2019 YFD1101203);黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(LH2022 C011)
详细信息
    通讯作者:

    房轶群,博士,副教授,博士生导师,研究方向为生物质复合材料 E-mail: yqfang@nefu.edu.cn

  • 中图分类号: TB332

Fabrication and properties of lignin-reinforced self-healing polyurea elastomer

Funds: National Key R&D Program of China in 13th Five-Year Period (2019 YFD1101203); Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province (LH2022 C011)
  • 摘要: 制备具有良好力学性能和室温下高效自修复性的高分子材料一直是一项艰难挑战。本文采用天然芳香基木质素作为增强相,通过两步法(聚脲反应及席夫碱反应)制备了一种木质素增强的自修复聚脲弹性体(T-L-PUA)。探讨了木质素添加量对T-L-PUA的热性能、紫外线(UV)阻隔性能及力学性能的影响并分析了其基于动态可逆亚胺键(C=N)的自修复特性及可回收性。结果表明:T-L-PUA的热稳定性随木质素比例增加有明显提升,其中残碳量较未加木质素样品(T-PUA)最多提升了16.6%。T-L-PUA在UV区(280~400 nm)的低透过率有助其实现UV阻隔功能。与T-PUA的平均透过率(41.6%)相比,所有T-L-PUA的平均透过率均在0.2%左右。木质素添加量为20%时力学性能最佳,相应T-L-PUA拉伸强度为12.44 MPa,较纯自修复聚脲弹性体提升了937%。T-L-PUA具有良好的自修复性,室温下修复48 h,T-L-PUA的拉伸强度及断裂伸长率的恢复效率分别在91%和92%以上。此外,T-L-PUA还可以通过热压回收和溶剂回收,重塑后力学性能基本保持不变。

     

  • 图  1  自修复木质素/聚脲复合弹性体(T-L-PUA)的制备示意图

    Figure  1.  Schematic diagram of the preparation of self-healing lignin/polyurea composite elastomer (T-L-PUA)

    DMF—N, N-dimethylformamide; TTD—4, 7, 10-trioxa-1, 13-tridecanediamine; IPDI—Isophorone diisocyanate; PPG—Polyetheramine; TA—Terephthalaldehyde

    图  2  自修复聚脲弹性体(T-PUA)及T-L-PUA涉及的化学合成

    Figure  2.  Chemical synthesis involved in self-healing polyurea composite elastomer (T-PUA) and T-L-PUA

    图  3  (a) T-PUA的1H NMR图谱;(b) T-PUA及其合成原料的FTIR图谱;(c) 木质素及不同木质素添加量的T-L-PUA的FTIR图谱

    Figure  3.  (a) 1H NMR spectrum of T-PUA; (b) FTIR spectra of T-PUA and its synthetic raw materials; (c) FTIR spectra of lignin and T-L-PUA with different lignin additions

    图  4  T-PUA及不同木质素含量的T-L-PUA的TG、DTG曲线(a)及DSC曲线(b)

    Figure  4.  TG and DTG curves (a) and DSC curves (b) of T-PUA and T-L-PUA with different lignin contents

    图  5  T-PUA及T-L-PUA的紫外-可见光透射光谱

    Figure  5.  Ultraviolet-visible transmission spectra of T-PUA and T-L-PUA

    图  6  (a) T-PUA及T-L-PUA溶液的照片;(b) T-L2-PUA表面及截面的SEM图像;T-PUA及不同木质素含量T-L-PUA的拉伸应力-应变曲线(c)和杨氏模量及断裂伸长率(d)

    Figure  6.  (a) Pictures of the solutions of T-PUA and T-L-PUA; (b) SEM images of T-L2-PUA surface and section; Stress-strain curves (c), Young's modulus and elongation at break (d) of T-PUA and T-L-PUA with different lignin contents

    图  7  (a) T-L2-PUA自修复试验过程的照片;(b) 修复0 h、1 h、5 h的T-L2-PUA表面超景深光学图像;(c) T-L-PUA的自修复机制示意图;修复12 h、24 h、48 h的T-L2-PUA拉伸应力-应变曲线(d)及恢复效率(e);(f) 不同木质素含量T-L-PUA修复48 h后的恢复效率

    Figure  7.  (a) Pictures of the self-healing test process of T-L-PUA; (b) Super depth-of-field optical images of surface of T-L2-PUA repaired for 0 h, 1 h and 5 h; (c) Schematic diagram of the self-healing mechanism of T-L-PUA; Tensile stress-strain curves (d) and recovery efficiencies (e) of T-L2-PUA repaired for 12 h, 24 h and 48 h; (f) Recovery efficiency of T-L-PUA with different lignin contents after 48 h healing

    图  8  (a) T-L2-PUA热压回收前后的照片;(b) 热压循环回收后的T-L2-PUA的拉伸应力-应变曲线;(c) T-L2-PUA溶剂回收工艺;(d) 溶剂循环回收后的T-L2-PUA的拉伸应力-应变曲线

    Figure  8.  (a) Photographs of T-L2-PUA before and after hot-press recycling; (b) Tensile stress-strain curves of T-L2-PUA after hot-pressing cycle recovery; (c) Solvent recovery process of T-L2-PUA; (d) Tensile stress-strain curves of T-L2-PUA after solvent cycle recovery

    表  1  T-L-PUA的样品命名

    Table  1.   Sample naming of T-L-PUA

    Sample Mass ratio lignin∶(IPDI, PPG, TTD)
    T-L1-PUA 0.1∶1
    T-L2-PUA 0.2∶1
    T-L3-PUA 0.3∶1
    T-L4-PUA 0.4∶1
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  T-PUA及不同木质素含量T-L-PUA的热性能结果

    Table  2.   Thermal properties of T-PUA and T-L-PUA with different lignin contents

    SampleT5%/℃T50%/℃Tmax/℃Rmax/(%·min−1)Ch/%
    T-PUA285.5343.8366.411.300 2.800
    T-L1-PUA279.8353.7369.110.200 7.420
    T-L2-PUA268.9359.7372.110.00011.630
    T-L3-PUA262.2364.2373.6 8.85016.770
    T-L4-PUA261.6369.5376.0 8.71019.430
    Notes: T5% and T50%—Temperature corresponding to mass loss of 5% and 50%; Tmax—Temperature at the maximum rate of mass loss; Rmax—Maximum mass loss rate; Ch—Residual mass fraction.
    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2022-10-27
  • 修回日期:  2022-12-03
  • 录用日期:  2022-12-20
  • 网络出版日期:  2022-12-29
  • 刊出日期:  2023-10-15

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