玄武岩纤维增强泡沫混凝土的单轴拉伸及准静态压缩性能

王小娟; 崔浩儒; 周宏元; 李秀杰

doi:10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20220422.001

玄武岩纤维增强泡沫混凝土的单轴拉伸及准静态压缩性能

doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20220422.001

王小娟^1,,
崔浩儒¹,
周宏元^{1, 2, ,},
李秀杰¹

1.
北京工业大学　城市与工程安全减灾教育部重点实验室，北京 100124
2.
北京理工大学　爆炸科学与技术国家重点实验室，北京 100081

基金项目: 国家重点研发计划(2019 YFD1101005)；国家自然科学基金(52178096；51808017；51778028

详细信息

通讯作者:
周宏元，博士，教授，博士生导师，研究方向为吸能材料、结构防护、结构抗爆设计　E-mail：hzhou@bjut.edu.cn

中图分类号: TB301；TB332
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-03-02
- 修回日期: 2022-04-12
- 录用日期: 2022-04-12
- 网络出版日期: 2022-04-22
- 刊出日期: 2023-03-15

Mechanical performance of basalt fiber reinforced foam concrete subjected to quasi-static tensile and compressive tests

1.
Key Laboratory of Urban Security and Disaster Engineering of Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
2.
State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China

Funds: National Key Research and Development Project (2019 YFD1101005); National Natural Science Foundation of China (52178093; 51808017; 51778028)

摘要

摘要: 为研究玄武岩纤维增强泡沫混凝土的力学性能，共设计了52组试件，讨论了玄武岩纤维体积掺量和纤维长度对各密度试件的拉伸和压缩性能的影响。结果表明：玄武岩纤维可显著提高试件的抗拉峰值应力(最大提升达到737%)和峰值应变(最大提升达到833%)，可有效改善中高密度试件的受拉失效模式，使其出现伪应变硬化现象，提升了试件的抗拉承载能力和变形能力。试件抗拉峰值应力和峰值应变随纤维体积掺量增大而增大，随纤维长度增长先增大后降低；另一方面，玄武岩纤维能改变试件的受压破坏模式，使其从纵向劈裂破坏转变为斜向剪切破坏和横向压溃破坏，显著提高了中低密度试件的抗压承载力和吸能能力(最大提升达到328%)。试件的吸能能力随纤维体积掺量增大而增强，随纤维长度增长先提升后降低。
- 玄武岩纤维泡沫混凝土 /
- 单轴拉伸 /
- 应变硬化 /
- 准静态压缩 /
- 能量吸收
Abstract: To investigate the mechanical properties of basalt fiber reinforced foam concrete, the quasi-static tensile and compressive tests were carried out on the prepared 52 groups of specimens, and the effects of basalt fiber volume fraction and fiber length on the tensile and compressive properties of specimens with different densities were experimentally studied. The test results show that the basalt fiber could significantly improve the tensile peak stress (maximum improvement of 737%) and peak strain (maximum improvement of 833%) of specimens. Due to the appearance of pseudo strain hardening phenomenon, the basalt fiber could effectively improve the tensile failure mode of the medium and high density specimens, so as to improve the tensile bearing capacity and deformation ability of specimens. It is found that tensile peak stress and peak strain increase with increasing the fiber volume fraction, and increase first and then decrease with increasing the fiber length. Furthermore, basalt fiber could change the compression failure mode of specimens with the observed trend from longitudinal splitting failure to oblique shear failure and transverse crushing failure, resulting in significant improvement of the compressive bearing capacity and energy absorption ability of low and medium density specimens. In addition, it is observed that increasing the fiber volume content will lead to an increase in the energy absorption (maximum improvement of 328%) of the specimen, which increases first and then decreases with increasing the fiber length.
- basalt fiber reinforced foam concrete /
- uniaxial tension /
- strain hardening /
- quasi-static compression /
- energy absorption

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图 1 玄武岩纤维(BF)

Figure 1. Basalt fiber (BF)

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图 2 发泡设备

Figure 2. Foaming machine

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图 3 试验设备、试件及加载装置

Figure 3. Test instrument, specimen and loading device

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图 4 BF/FC拉伸破坏模式

Figure 4. Tensile failure mode of BF/FC

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图 5 不同密度FC单轴拉伸名义应力-名义应变曲线

Figure 5. Nominal stress-nominal strain curves of FC with different densities subjected to uniaxial tension

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图 6 48组BF/FC单轴拉伸名义应力-名义应变曲线

Figure 6. Nominal stress-nominal strain curves of 48 sets of BF/FC subjected to uniaxial tension

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图 7 BF掺量对BF/FC拉伸峰值应力的影响

Figure 7. Effect of BF volume fraction on peak stress of BF/FC under tension

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图 8 BF长度对BF/FC拉伸峰值应力的影响

Figure 8. Effect of length of BF on peak stress of BF/FC under tension

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图 9 15 mm BF成团示意图

Figure 9. Schematic of gathering of BF with length of 15 mm

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图 10 BF/FC的SEM图像

Figure 10. SEM images of BF/FC

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图 11 BF/FC压溃模式

Figure 11. Failure pattern of BF/FC

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图 12 纤维长度为12 mm的BF/FC裂缝开展模式

Figure 12. Crack development of BF/FC with fiber length of 12 mm

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图 13 BF/FC试件压溃情况对比

Figure 13. Comparison of collapse modes of BF/FC specimens

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图 14 BF维掺量对BF/FC吸能的影响

Figure 14. Effect of BF volume fraction on energy absorption of BF/FC specimen

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图 15 BF长度对BF/FC吸能的影响

Figure 15. Effect of BF length of on energy absorption of BF/FC specimen

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图 16 BF长度为12 mm的BF/FC名义应力-应变曲线

Figure 16. Nominal stress-strain curves of BF/FC with BF length of 12 mm

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表 1 水泥基本参数

Table 1. Basic parameters of cement

Cement	Specific surface area/(m²·kg⁻¹)	Setting time/min		Flexural strength/MPa		Compressive strength/MPa
Cement	Specific surface area/(m²·kg⁻¹)	Initial	Final	3 days	28 days	3 days	28 days
P.O 42.5	340	70	270	6	8.5	35	48

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表 2 BF的主要性能指标

Table 2. Main properties of BF

Diameter/μm	Tensile strength/MPa	Elastic modulus/GPa	Elongation/%	Density/(kg·m^-3)
13	4150-4750	95-115	3.1	2650

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表 3 玄武岩纤维增强泡沫混凝土(BF/FC)配合比

Table 3. Mix proportion of basalt fiber reinforced foam concrete (BF/FC)

Target density of foam concrete/(kg·m⁻³)	Cement/ (kg·m⁻³)	Water/ (kg·m⁻³)	Foam/ (kg·m⁻³)	Length of fiber/mm	Fiber volume fraction/vol%	Mass of fiber/ (kg·m⁻³)
400	230.98	115.49	56.56	0/6/12/15	0/0.15/0.3/0.45	0/3.98/7.96/11.94
700	439.22	219.61	44.38	0/6/12/15	0/0.15/0.3/0.45	0/3.98/7.96/11.94
1000	647.45	323.73	32.27	0/6/12/15	0/0.15/0.3/0.45	0/3.98/7.96/11.94
1300	855.67	427.84	20.09	0/6/12/15	0/0.15/0.3/0.45	0/3.98/7.96/11.94

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表 4 BF/FC试件汇总

Table 4. Summary of BF/FC specimens

Tensile specimen	Compressive specimen
FC-424	FC-439
0.15vol%BF(6)/FC-414	0.15vol%BF(6)/FC-438
0.30vol%BF(6)/FC-426	0.30vol%BF(6)/FC-440
0.45vol%BF(6)/FC-405	0.45vol%BF(6)/FC-428
0.15vol%BF(9)/FC-411	0.15vol%BF(9)/FC-444
0.30vol%BF(9)/FC-432	0.30vol%BF(9)/FC-440
0.45vol%BF(9)/FC-419	0.45vol%BF(9)/FC-423
0.15vol%BF(12)/FC-416	0.15vol%BF(12)/FC-439
0.30vol%BF(12)/FC-405	0.30vol%BF(12)/FC-429
0.45vol%BF(12)/FC-424	0.45vol%BF(12)/FC-442
0.15vol%BF(15)/FC-435	0.15vol%BF(15)/FC-419
0.30vol%BF(15)/FC-419	0.30vol%BF(15)/FC-415
0.45vol%BF(15)/FC-407	0.45vol%BF(15)/FC-404
FC-713	FC-710
0.15vol%BF(6)/FC-721	0.15vol%BF(6)/FC-736
0.30vol%BF(6)/FC-726	0.30vol%BF(6)/FC-713
0.45vol%BF(6)/FC-714	0.45vol%BF(6)/FC-730
0.15vol%BF(9)/FC-708	0.15vol%BF(9)/FC-740
0.30vol%BF(9)/FC-719	0.30vol%BF(9)/FC-702
0.45vol%BF(9)/FC-732	0.45vol%BF(9)/FC-720
0.15vol%BF(12)/FC-726	0.15vol%BF(12)/FC-725
0.30vol%BF(12)/FC-732	0.30vol%BF(12)/FC-704
0.45vol%BF(12)/FC-734	0.45vol%BF(12)/FC-711
0.15vol%BF(15)/FC-715	0.15vol%BF(15)/FC-715
0.30vol%BF(15)/FC-711	0.30vol%BF(15)/FC-725
0.45vol%BF(15)/FC-703	0.45vol%BF(15)/FC-696
FC-1032	FC-1025
0.15vol%BF(6)/FC-1024	0.15vol%BF(6)/FC-1026
0.30vol%BF(6)/FC-1017	0.30vol%BF(6)/FC-1044
0.45vol%BF(6)/FC-1009	0.45vol%BF(6)/FC-1016
0.15vol%BF(9)/FC-1003	0.15vol%BF(9)/FC-1011
0.30vol%BF(9)/FC-1013	0.30vol%BF(9)/FC-1003
0.45vol%BF(9)/FC-1026	0.45vol%BF(9)/FC-992
0.15vol%BF(12)/FC-1011	0.15vol%BF(12)/FC-997
0.30vol%BF(12)/FC-1007	0.30vol%BF(12)/FC-997
0.45vol%BF(12)/FC-1023	0.45vol%BF(12)/FC-1016
0.15vol%BF(15)/FC-1034	0.15vol%BF(15)/FC-1001
0.30vol%BF(15)/FC-1010	0.30vol%BF(15)/FC-1000
0.45vol%BF(15)/FC-1032	0.45vol%BF(15)/FC-1041
FC-1305	FC-1322
0.15vol%BF(6)/FC-1317	0.15vol%BF(6)/FC-1331
0.30vol%BF(6)/FC-1333	0.30vol%BF(6)/FC-1332
0.45vol%BF(6)/FC-1319	0.45vol%BF(6)/FC-1308
0.15vol%BF(9)/FC-1326	0.15vol%BF(9)/FC-1320
0.30vol%BF(9)/FC-1322	0.30vol%BF(9)/FC-1326
0.45vol%BF(9)/FC-1307	0.45vol%BF(9)/FC-1293
0.15vol%BF(12)/FC-1311	0.15vol%BF(12)/FC-1307
0.30vol%BF(12)/FC-1304	0.30vol%BF(12)/FC-1308
0.45vol%BF(12)/FC-1337	0.45vol%BF(12)/FC-1306
0.15vol%BF(15)/FC-1328	0.15vol%BF(15)/FC-1302
0.30vol%BF(15)/FC-1321	0.30vol%BF(15)/FC-1310
0.45vol%BF(15)/FC-1317	0.45vol%BF(15)/FC-1296
Note: Three number in the materials name indicate the volume fraction of the fiber, the length of the fiber, and the density of the specimen, respectively.

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表 5 BF/FC单轴拉伸试件的特征点

Table 5. Characteristics of BF/FC specimen subjected to uniaxial tension

Specimen index	Peak stress/MPa	Improvement rate/%	Peak strain	Improvement rate/%	FM
FC-424	0.019	-	0.012	-	Ⅰ
0.15vol%BF(6)/FC-414	0.033	74	0.049	308	Ⅰ
0.30vol%BF(6)/FC-426	0.033	74	0.037	208	Ⅰ
0.45vol%BF(6)/FC-405	0.036	90	0.048	300	Ⅰ
0.15vol%BF(9)/FC-411	0.065	242	0.039	225	Ⅰ
0.30vol%BF(9)/FC-432	0.077	305	0.047	292	Ⅰ
0.45vol%BF(9)/FC-419	0.104	447	0.059	392	Ⅰ
0.15vol%BF(12)/FC-416	0.087	358	0.050	317	Ⅰ
0.30vol%BF(12)/FC-405	0.130	584	0.080	567	Ⅰ
0.45vol%BF(12)/FC-424	0.159	737	0.112	833	Ⅰ
0.15vol%BF(15)/FC-435	0.098	416	0.046	283	Ⅰ
0.30vol%BF(15)/FC-419	0.121	537	0.059	392	Ⅰ
0.45vol%BF(15)/FC-407	0.099	421	0.047	292	Ⅰ
FC-713	0.058	-	0.032	-	Ⅰ
0.15vol%BF(6)/FC-721	0.079	37	0.035	10	Ⅰ
0.30vol%BF(6)/FC-726	0.122	110	0.054	69	Ⅰ
0.45vol%BF(6)/FC-714	0.146	152	0.070	119	Ⅰ
0.15vol%BF(9)/FC-708	0.134	131	0.067	109	Ⅰ
0.30vol%BF(9)/FC-719	0.196	238	0.098	206	Ⅰ
0.45vol%BF(9)/FC-732	0.224	286	0.101	216	Ⅰ
0.15vol%BF(12)/FC-726	0.151	160	0.072	125	Ⅰ
0.30vol%BF(12)/FC-732	0.196	238	0.092	188	Ⅰ
0.45vol%BF(12)/FC-734	0.308	431	0.175	447	Ⅰ
0.15vol%BF(15)/FC-715	0.125	116	0.072	125	Ⅰ
0.30vol%BF(15)/FC-711	0.196	238	0.095	198	Ⅰ
0.45vol%BF(15)/FC-703	0.250	331	0.145	353	Ⅰ
FC-1032	0.105	-	0.058	-	Ⅰ
0.15vol%BF(6)/FC-1024	0.187	78	0.120	107	Ⅰ
0.30vol%BF(6)/FC-1017	0.259	147	0.141	143	Ⅰ
0.45vol%BF(6)/FC-1009	0.302	188	0.177	205	Ⅰ
0.15vol%BF(9)/FC-1003	0.242	131	0.159	174	Ⅰ
0.30vol%BF(9)/FC-1013	0.261	149	0.203	250	Ⅱ
0.45vol%BF(9)/FC-1026	0.308	193	0.275	374	Ⅱ
0.15vol%BF(12)/FC-1011	0.288	174	0.208	259	Ⅱ
0.30vol%BF(12)/FC-1007	0.325	210	0.200	245	Ⅱ
0.45vol%BF(12)/FC-1023	0.426	306	0.247	326	Ⅱ
0.15vol%BF(15)/FC-1034	0.165	57	0.082	41	Ⅰ
0.30vol%BF(15)/FC-1010	0.281	168	0.144	148	Ⅰ
0.45vol%BF(15)/FC-1032	0.346	137	0.184	217	Ⅱ
FC-1305	0.183	-	0.088	-	Ⅰ
0.15vol%BF(6)/FC-1317	0.224	22	0.115	31	Ⅰ
0.30vol%BF(6)/FC-1333	0.234	28	0.103	17	Ⅰ
0.45vol%BF(6)/FC-1319	0.326	78	0.158	80	Ⅰ
0.15vol%BF(9)/FC-1326	0.239	31	0.133	51	Ⅰ
0.30vol%BF(9)/FC-1322	0.251	37	0.135	53	Ⅰ
0.45vol%BF(9)/FC-1307	0.280	53	0.173	97	Ⅱ
0.15vol%BF(12)/FC-1311	0.216	18	0.112	27	Ⅰ
0.30vol%BF(12)/FC-1304	0.297	62	0.167	90	Ⅰ
0.45vol%BF(12)/FC-1337	0.406	122	0.314	257	Ⅱ
0.15vol%BF(15)/FC-1328	0.208	14	0.121	38	Ⅰ
0.30vol%BF(15)/FC-1321	0.311	70	0.193	119	Ⅱ
0.45vol%BF(15)/FC-1317	0.373	104	0.221	151	Ⅱ
Note: FM—Failure mode.

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表 6 BF/FC准静态压缩能量吸收指标

Table 6. Energy absorption characteristics of BF/FC under quasi-static compression

Specimen index	Peak and plateau stress/MPa	${\varepsilon _{\text{D}}}$	${E_{\text{a}}}$/J and ${E_{{\text{SA}}}}$/(J·g^-1)
FC-439	0.525/0.411	0.47	190.0/0.433
0.15vol%BF(6)/FC-438	0.995/0.696	0.42	309.5/0.707
0.30vol%BF(6)/FC-440	1.259/0.636	0.43	311.2/0.707
0.45vol%BF(6)/FC-428	1.589/1.050	0.51	532.9/1.245
0.15vol%BF(9)/FC-444	1.246/0.724	0.52	407.1/0.917
0.30vol%BF(9)/FC-440	1.229/0.881	0.52	448.7/1.020
0.45vol%BF(9)/FC-423	1.772/1.250	0.43	576.2/1.362
0.15vol%BF(12)/FC-439	1.254/0.923	0.52	468.0/1.066
0.30vol%BF(12)/FC-429	1.755/1.427	0.57	789.4/1.840
0.45vol%BF(12)/FC-442	1.910/1.570	0.56	813.1/1.840
0.15vol%BF(15)/FC-419	1.390/0.784	0.53	441.2/1.053
0.30vol%BF(15)/FC-415	1.696/1.399	0.51	692.0/1.668
0.45vol%BF(15)/FC-404	1.443/0.846	0.59	490.2/1.213
FC-710	4.561/1.459	0.33	614.8/0.866
0.15vol%BF(6)/FC-736	4.220/1.430	0.53	831.6/1.130
0.30vol%BF(6)/FC-713	4.137/1.848	0.39	857.7/1.203
0.45vol%BF(6)/FC-730	4.470/1.386	0.57	916.7/1.256
0.15vol%BF(9)/FC-740	5.072/1.718	0.44	955.6/1.291
0.30vol%BF(9)/FC-702	3.553/2.636	0.49	1258.0/1.792
0.45vol%BF(9)/FC-720	5.070/3.249	0.44	1423.4/1.977
0.15vol%BF(12)/FC-725	5.723/2.440	0.45	1118.3/1.542
0.30vol%BF(12)/FC-704	4.063/2.994	0.52	1534.3/2.179
0.45vol%BF(12)/FC-711	4.305/3.413	0.50	1566.7/2.204
0.15vol%BF(15)/FC-715	5.250/2.338	0.37	985.8/1.379
0.30vol%BF(15)/FC-725	4.648/3.292	0.47	1516.5/2.092
0.45vol%BF(15)/FC-696	5.064/2.719	0.49	1313.5/1.887
FC-1025	9.459/3.760	0.36	1587.9/1.549
0.15vol%BF(6)/FC-1026	11.707/3.758	0.46	2086.0/2.033
0.30vol%BF(6)/FC-1044	13.488/4.327	0.49	2365.9/2.266
0.45vol%BF(6)/FC-1016	12.417/5.047	0.48	2558.2/2.518
0.15vol%BF(9)/FC-1011	11.565/4.933	0.37	2096.2/2.073
0.30vol%BF(9)/FC-1003	12.319/5.536	0.47	2580.7/2.573
0.45vol%BF(9)/FC-992	11.471/6.739	0.51	3193.3/3.219
0.15vol%BF(12)/FC-997	8.913/5.017	0.52	2716.4/2.725
0.30vol%BF(12)/FC-997	12.503/6.959	0.55	3374.7/3.385
0.45vol%BF(12)/FC-1016	14.011/8.529	0.50	3739.2/3.680
0.15vol%BF(15)/FC-1001	9.984/4.969	0.51	2536.6/2.534
0.30vol%BF(15)/FC-1000	11.940/5.390	0.53	2981.3/2.981
0.45vol%BF(15)/FC-1041	12.538/6.911	0.51	3430.7/3.296
FC-1322	23.601/4.547	0.38	2351.2/1.779
0.15vol%BF(6)/FC-1331	24.556/5.920	0.37	2646.3/1.988
0.30vol%BF(6)/FC-1332	23.282/5.990	0.43	3180.0/2.377
0.45vol%BF(6)/FC-1308	20.178/8.669	0.49	4136.7/3.163
0.15vol%BF(9)/FC-1320	23.643/6.124	0.37	2759.1/2.090
0.30vol%BF(9)/FC-1326	24.580/6.502	0.50	3776.5/2.848
0.45vol%BF(9)/FC-1293	25.920/9.083	0.47	4189.5/3.240
0.15vol%BF(12)/FC-1307	21.120/7.136	0.44	3452.7/2.642
0.30vol%BF(12)/FC-1308	20.126/10.708	0.50	5135.4/3.926
0.45vol%BF(12)/FC-1306	22.800/12.194	0.56	6433.7/4.926
0.15vol%BF(15)/FC-1302	24.311/5.397	0.39	2816.0/2.163
0.30vol%BF(15)/FC-1310	23.903/11.051	0.52	5432.6/4.147
0.45vol%BF(15)/FC-1296	20.191/9.794	0.52	4884.6/3.769
Notes: ${\varepsilon _{\text{D}}}$—Densification strain; ${E_{\text{a}}}$and ${E_{{\text{SA}}}}$—Energy absorption and specific energy absorption.

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参考文献(28)

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