Effect of conductive carbon black Super-P on concrete properties
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摘要: 采用低成本和高稳定性的纳米导电炭黑Super-P (CBSP)作为水泥混凝土的添加剂。通过设置不同的水灰比和不同的CBSP掺量,研究了CBSP的加入对混凝土各方面性能的影响(即坍落度、力学性能、抗渗性能、导电性能和温敏性能)。通过SEM对混凝土微观形貌进行分析。实验结果显示,掺入纳米材料CBSP使混凝土坍落度不断降低。随着CBSP的掺入量不断增大,混凝土的力学性能先提升后降低且各龄期变化趋势相似,当CBSP的掺入量为0.75wt%时力学性能达到最大。同时混凝土的力学性能随水灰比的增加而降低。混凝土的抗渗性能随着CBSP掺量的增加而先提高后降低,且当水灰比较大时抗渗性能有所降低。当CBSP掺入量为0.75wt%~2wt%时,混凝土电阻率迅速降低。标准养护条件比室内干燥养护的混凝土电阻率低。不同水灰比混凝土之间电阻率相差较小。SEM显示了CBSP的填充孔隙和隧道导电作用。通过实验证明CBSP的加入可以改善混凝土的各项性能。Abstract: Nano conductive carbon black Super-P (CBSP) with low cost and high stability was used as additive of cement concrete. By setting different water-cement ratios and different CBSP contents, the effects of CBSP addition on various properties of concrete (slump, mechanical properties, impermeability, electrical conductivity and temperature sensitivity) were studied. The microstructure of concrete was analyzed by SEM. The experimental results show that the slump of concrete decreases with the addition of CBSP. With the increase of CBSP content, the mechanical properties of concrete improve first and then decrease, and the change trend of each age is similar. When the CBSP content is 0.75wt%, the mechanical properties reach the maximum. Meanwhile, the mechanical properties of concrete decrease with the increase of water cement ratio. The impermeability of concrete increases first and then decreases with the increase of CBSP content and decreases when the water-cement ratio is large. When CBSP content is 0.75wt%-2wt%, the resistivity of concrete decreases rapidly. The resistivity of concrete cured by standard curing condition is lower than that cured by indoor drying. The resistivity of concrete with different water cement ratios has little difference. SEM shows that CBSP fills pores and conducts electricity in tunnels. Experiments show that the addition of CBSP can improve the performance of concrete.
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表 1 P∙O 42.5水泥的化学成分组成
Table 1. Chemical composition of P∙O 42.5 cement
wt% SiO2 Al2O3 Fe2O3 CaO MgO SO3 Na2O (eq) f-CaO Cl− 21.47 7.17 3.11 60.04 2.90 2.77 0.11 0.57 0.024 Notes: eq—Equipoise; f-CaO—Free calcium oxide. 表 2 P∙O 42.5水泥的物理性能检测结果
Table 2. Physical performance test results of P∙O 42.5 cement
Density/
(g·cm−3)Degree of powder Setting time Stability Flexural
strength/MPaCompressive
strength/MPaSpecific surface
area/(m2·kg−1)80 μm/% Normal
consistency/%Initial
set/minFinal
set/minRay type
method/mm3 days 28 days 3 days 28 days 3.06 351 0.28 28.0 170 235 0.50 5.6 8.9 29.0 57.3 表 3 砂的筛分析结果
Table 3. Sieve analysis results of sand
Sieve pore/mm Proportion/wt% Cumulative proportion/wt% 9.50 — — 4.75 0.0 0.0 2.36 12.6 12.6 1.18 13.4 26.0 0.60 31.0 57.0 0.30 30.2 87.2 0.15 8.2 95.4 表 4 纳米导电炭黑Super-P (CBSP)的性能参数
Table 4. Performance parameters of conductive carbon black Super-P (CBSP)
Type Mean grain
size/nmSpecific
area/(m2·g−1)DBP
valueCarbon
content/wt%Volatile con-tent/vol% Ash
content/wt%Density/
(kg·m−3)pH Specific
resistance/(Ω·cm)Super-P 40 62 290 ≥99.5 ≤0.15 ≤0.05 125 8 0.15-0.25 Note: DBP—Carbon black oil absorption. 表 5 CBSP混凝土试件编号
Table 5. Serial numbers of CBSP concretes
Serial number Abbreviation Cement/(kg·m−3) Sand/(kg·m−3) Stone/(kg·m−3) Water/(kg·m−3) W/C CBSP/wt% 0.00wt%CBSP/C-0.53 C0 387 683 1115 205 0.53 0.00 0.25wt%CBSP/C-0.53 C1 387 683 1115 205 0.53 0.25 0.50wt%CBSP/C-0.53 C2 387 683 1115 205 0.53 0.50 0.75wt%CBSP/C-0.53 C3 387 683 1115 205 0.53 0.75 1.00wt%CBSP/C-0.53 C4 387 683 1115 205 0.53 1.00 2.00wt%CBSP/C-0.53 C5 387 683 1115 205 0.53 2.00 3.00wt%CBSP/C-0.53 C6 387 683 1115 205 0.53 3.00 0.00wt%CBSP/C-0.63 B0 387 683 1115 244 0.63 0.00 0.25wt%CBSP/C-0.63 B1 387 683 1115 244 0.63 0.25 0.50wt%CBSP/C-0.63 B2 387 683 1115 244 0.63 0.50 0.75wt%CBSP/C-0.63 B3 387 683 1115 244 0.63 0.75 1.00wt%CBSP/C-0.63 B4 387 683 1115 244 0.63 1.00 2.00wt%CBSP/C-0.63 B5 387 683 1115 244 0.63 2.00 3.00wt%CBSP/C-0.63 B6 387 683 1115 244 0.63 3.00 Notes: 0.00wt%CBSP/C-0.53—Concrete with water cement ratio of 0.53 and CBSP content of 0.00wt%; W/C—Water cement mass ratio. 表 6 W/C=0.53 CBSP混凝土温敏性曲线拟合参数
Table 6. Fitting parameters of CBSP concrete temperature sensitivity curve with W/C=0.53
Parameter A B R2 0.00wt%CBSP/C-0.53 −0.55081 3 377.85960 0.99597 0.25wt%CBSP/C-0.53 −0.81745 3 442.25644 0.99120 0.50wt%CBSP/C-0.53 −101.31949 313 277.24880 0.99483 0.75wt%CBSP/C-0.53 1.17462 2 707.85747 0.98732 1.00wt%CBSP/C-0.53 0.03326 3 019.87428 0.99705 2.00wt%CBSP/C-0.53 7.01614 204.24485 0.95776 3.00wt%CBSP/C-0.53 6.63551 109.41760 0.97458 Notes: A,B—Fit the curve parameters; R—Coefficient of determination. 表 7 W/C=0.63 CBSP混凝土温敏性曲线拟合参数
Table 7. Fitting parameters of CBSP concrete temperature sensitivity curve with W/C=0.63
Parameter A B R2 0.00wt%CBSP/B-0.63 1.08724 2 862.18204 0.98602 0.25wt%CBSP/B-0.63 0.87482 2 926.42100 0.99256 0.50wt%CBSP/B-0.63 1.33534 2 759.96766 0.99416 0.75wt%CBSP/B-0.63 1.53696 2 665.37278 0.99559 1.00wt%CBSP/B-0.63 1.51155 2 607.06713 0.99333 2.00wt%CBSP/B-0.63 6.08571 600.09686 0.98262 3.00wt%CBSP/B-0.63 6.43309 267.29325 0.98163 -
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