多巴胺@氮化硼-碳纳米管/聚酰亚胺复合气凝胶太阳能蒸发器的制备与性能

汪日圆; 陈浩然; 陈芳琳; 黎涛; 鲁红典; 杨伟

doi:10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20220410.001

多巴胺@氮化硼-碳纳米管/聚酰亚胺复合气凝胶太阳能蒸发器的制备与性能

doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20220410.001

合肥学院　能源材料与化工学院，合肥 230601

基金项目: 安徽省自然科学基金杰出青年科学基金(2008085J26)

详细信息

通讯作者:
鲁红典，博士，教授，硕士生导师，研究方向为低维纳米材料、聚合物复合材料　E-mail：luhdo@hfuu.edu.cn

中图分类号: TB332
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-03-11
- 修回日期: 2022-03-26
- 录用日期: 2022-03-26
- 网络出版日期: 2022-04-12
- 刊出日期: 2023-03-15

Preparation and performance of dopamine@boron nitride-carbon nanotubes/polyimide composite aerogel solar-driven evaporator

School of Energy, Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University, Hefei 230601, China

摘要

摘要: 利用太阳能蒸发器进行水蒸发是生产清洁用水的重要途径之一。为了提高聚酰亚胺(PI)气凝胶的太阳能蒸发性能，本文通过添加多巴胺改性氮化硼(PDA@BN)和羟基化碳纳米管(CNT)，采用四定向冷冻干燥和亚胺化工艺制备了PDA@BN-CNT/PI复合气凝胶。研究了PDA@BN和CNT的加入对气凝胶的形貌结构、润湿性能、太阳能蒸发性能的影响。结果表明：PDA@BN-CNT/PI复合气凝胶不仅具有良好的亲水性和太阳能光热转换能力，而且其独特的低弯曲度管状结构促进了水在气凝胶内部的运输，提高了太阳能蒸发性能。该气凝胶在2 kW/m²光照下的蒸发速率为1.95 kg/(m²·h)，并展现出优异的循环使用性能、化学稳定性和高效的污水净化能力。
- 太阳能蒸发 /
- 聚酰亚胺气凝胶 /
- 氮化硼 /
- 碳纳米管 /
- 水净化
Abstract: It is one of the important ways to produce fresh water through solar-driven evaporator. In order to improve the solar-driven evaporation performance of polyimide (PI) aerogel, PDA@BN-CNT/PI composite aerogel was prepared by adding dopamine-modified boron nitride (PDA@BN) and hydroxylated carbon nanotubes (CNT) through four-directional freeze-drying and imidization. The influence of PDA@BN and CNT on the morphology, structure, wettability and solar-driven evaporation of the aerogel were studied. The results indicate that PDA@BN-CNT/PI aerogel has good hydrophilicity and solar photothermal conversion performance. Moreover, it exhibits unique low bending tubular structure, which is conducive to promoting the transportation of water inside the aerogel and improving the performance of solar-driven evaporator. The aerogel exhibits high evaporation rate of 1.95 kg/(m²·h) under 2 kW/m² sun irradiation and excellent recycling performance, chemical stability and efficient wastewater purification ability.
- solar-driven evaporation /
- polyimide aerogel /
- boron nitride /
- carbon nanotubes /
- water purification

HTML全文

图 1 四定向冷冻实验装置示意图

Figure 1. Schematic illustration of the four-directional freezing experimental mold

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图 2 太阳能水蒸发系统示意图

Figure 2. Schematic illustration of solar-driven evaporation

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图 3 羟基化氮化硼(BNNS-OH)和多巴胺改性氮化硼(PDA@BN)的XRD图谱 (a)、Raman图谱 (b)、XPS图谱 (c) 和TGA曲线 (d)

Figure 3. Boron nitride hydroxyl (BNNS-OH) and dopamine-modified boron nitride (PDA@BN) characterized by XRD patterns (a), Raman spectra (b), XPS spectra (c) and TGA curves (d)

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图 4 水在气凝胶表面的接触角(WCA)随时间的变化：(a) 聚酰亚胺(PI)；(b) PDA@BN/PI；(c) PDA@BN-碳纳米管(CNT)/PI；(d) 无规冷冻制备的PDA@BN-CNT/PI(PDA@BN-CNT/PI-R)

Figure 4. Variation of water contact angle (WCA) with time on aerogel surface: (a) Polyimide (PI); (b) PDA@BN/PI; (c) PDA@BN-carbon nanotube (CNT)/PI; (d) Random freezing prepared PDA@BN-CNT/PI (PDA@BN-CNT/PI-R)

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图 5 气凝胶的SEM图像：(a) PI；(b) PDA@BN/PI；(c) PDA@BN-CNT/PI；(d) PDA@BN-CNT/PI-R

Figure 5. SEM images of aerogels: (a) PI; (b) PDA@BN/PI; (c) PDA@BN-CNT/PI; (d) PDA@BN-CNT/PI-R

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图 6 气凝胶的水运输性能对比：(a) PDA@BN-CNT/PI在12 s内的水运输照片；(b) PDA@BN-CNT/PI-R在24 s内的水运输照片

Figure 6. Comparison of water transport performance of aerogels: (a) Water transport status at different times in 12 s for PDA@BN-CNT/PI; (b) Water transport status at different times in 24 s for PDA@BN-CNT/PI-R

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图 7 气凝胶的太阳能蒸发性能：(a) 气凝胶的表面温度随光照时间的变化；(b) 太阳能水蒸发速率；((c), (d)) PDA@BN-CNT/PI气凝胶的循环性能和化学稳定性

Figure 7. Solar-driven evaporation performance of aerogels: (a) Variation of surface temperatures with time; (b) Solar-driven evaporation rate; ((c), (d)) Cycling performance and chemical stability of PDA@BN-CNT/PI aerogel

T—Temperature; t—Time

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图 8 PDA@BN-CNT/PI气凝胶污水蒸发净化前后金属离子浓度对比图

Figure 8. Comparison of metal ion concentration before and after wastewater evaporation purification of PDA@BN-CNT/PI aerogel

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表 1 BNNS-OH和PDA@BN的表面组成

Table 1. Surface composition of BNNS-OH and PDA@BN

Sample B/at% N/at% O/at% C/at%

BNNS-OH 50.27 40.43 4.19 5.11
PDA@BN 34.28 28.26 7.46 31.39

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