Preparation and performance of styrene acrylic emulsion-slag geopolymer foam composite
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摘要: 以苯丙乳液、矿渣地聚物、导热石墨粉为原料,利用化学发泡原理制备出一种具有自流平、成膜固化快、高弹、高导热等特点的泡沫复合材料。详细研究了H2O2掺量、导热石墨粉掺量及其粒度分布对泡沫复合材料传热性能、材料力学性能及压缩变形性能的影响规律。研究结果表明,随H2O2掺量的增加,泡沫复合材料的拉伸强度、断裂伸长率、压缩强度、导热系数均降低,弹性恢复率增加;随导热石墨粉掺量增加,拉伸强度先增加后降低,断裂伸长率降低,压缩强度增加,弹性恢复率小幅波动,导热系数增大;随导热石墨粉平均粒径增大,拉伸强度减小,压缩强度增大,导热系数先增大后减小;导热石墨粉的颗粒级配对其导热性具有重要影响,相比粗、细颗粒,适中的颗粒级配可使其形成更有效的导热网络获得更高导热系数。Abstract: Using styrene acrylic emulsion, slag geopolymer and graphite powders as raw materials, a foam composite material with the characterstics of self-leveling, fast film-foeming and soildification, high elasticity, and high heat transfer was prepared by the principle of chemical foaming. This paper studied the influence of the content of hydrogen peroxide, the content of thermally conductive graphite powder and its particle size distribution on the heat transfer performance, material mechanical properties and compression deformation properties of foam composites. The research results show that with the increase of the amount of hydrogen peroxide, the tensile strength, elongation at break, compressive strength and thermal conductivity of the foam composite material decrease, and the elastic recovery rate increases; as the content of thermally conductive graphite powder increasing, the tensile strength first increases and then decreases, the elongation at break decreases, the conpressive strength increases, the elastic recovery rate fluctuates slightly, and thermal conductivity increases. As the average particle size of the thermally conductive graphite powder increasing, the tensile strength decreases and the compressive strength increases, and the thermal conductivity first increases and then drcreases. The particle composition of thermally conductive graphite powder has an important effect on its thermal conductivity. Compared with coares and fine particles, a moderate particle gradation can make it form a more effective heat conduction network to obtain a higher thermal conductivity.
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图 11 加热过程中(a)、冷却过程中(d)不同石墨掺量苯丙乳液-矿渣地聚物泡沫复合材料的红外摄像机图像;加热过程中(b)、冷却过程中(c)复合材料的温度-时间曲线
Figure 11. Infrared camera images of the styrene acrylic emulsion-slag geopolymer foam composite material with different graphite contents during heating (a) and cooling (d); Temperature-time curves of composite material during the heating process (b) and cooling process (c)
表 1 S400F型苯丙乳液性能指标
Table 1. Performance indicators of S400F type styrene-acrylic emulsion
Exterior Average granularity/μm Glass transition temperature/℃ Solid content/wt% Viscosity/(mPa·s) pH Milky white liquid 0.1 −6 55-57 400-1800 7.0-8.4 表 2 SN-DISPERSANT 5040 型分散剂的性能指标
Table 2. Performance indicators of SN-DISPERSANT 5040 dispersant
Exterior Ionicity Solubility Solid component/% Proportion pH Viscosity/(mPa·s) 5℃ 25℃ Light yellow liquid Anion Solubile in water 42.5 1.29 7.5 1700 450 表 3 高炉矿渣性能指标
Table 3. Performance indicators of Slag
Stability Loss on ignition/% Fineness/(m2·kg−1) Density/(g·cm−3) Activity index 7 days 28 days Qualified 0.4 432 2.87 85% 103% 表 4 石墨颗粒粒度分布参数
Table 4. Graphite particle size distribution parameters
Number D10/μm D50/μm D90/μm (D90−D10)/D50 GA 13.96 42.52 91.33 1.82 GB 2.63 8.57 23.71 2.46 GC 3.94 22.43 75.56 3.19 Notes: (D90−D10)/D50 is defined as the degree of dispersion of particle size distribution. 表 5 本文制备的苯丙乳液-矿渣地聚物泡沫复合材料与市售地垫性能对比
Table 5. Performance comparison between the styrene acrylic emulsion-slag geopolymer foam composite material prepared in this article and the commercial floor mat
Material performance Commercial floor mats Foam composite material Self-leveling No Yes Airtightness Poor airtightness Good airtightness Tensile strength/MPa 0.45 0.25 Elongation/% 86 100 Compressive strength/MPa 0.05 0.11 Elastic recovery rate/% 99 96.7 Thermal conductivity/(W·(m·K)−1) 0.032 0.209 -
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