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基于均衡调控的路用基础吸能材料制备及性能优化

陈谦 王朝辉 胡学亮 郭春辉 刘方洲

陈谦, 王朝辉, 胡学亮, 等. 基于均衡调控的路用基础吸能材料制备及性能优化[J]. 复合材料学报, 2022, 39(7): 3356-3368. doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20210929.002
引用本文: 陈谦, 王朝辉, 胡学亮, 等. 基于均衡调控的路用基础吸能材料制备及性能优化[J]. 复合材料学报, 2022, 39(7): 3356-3368. doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20210929.002
CHEN Qian, WANG Chaohui, HU Xueliang, et al. Preparation and property optimization of road basic energy-absorbing materials based on balanced control[J]. Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica, 2022, 39(7): 3356-3368. doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20210929.002
Citation: CHEN Qian, WANG Chaohui, HU Xueliang, et al. Preparation and property optimization of road basic energy-absorbing materials based on balanced control[J]. Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica, 2022, 39(7): 3356-3368. doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20210929.002

基于均衡调控的路用基础吸能材料制备及性能优化

doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20210929.002
基金项目: 陕西省重点研发计划项目(2021GY-206);山东高速集团养护科技项目(QLTD-2019-A-FW-0059);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(300102219314;300102219701)
详细信息
    通讯作者:

    王朝辉,博士,教授,博士生导师,研究方向为功能性道路材料 E-mail: wchh0205@chd.edu.cn

  • 中图分类号: TB332

Preparation and property optimization of road basic energy-absorbing materials based on balanced control

  • 摘要: 为进一步开拓吸能材料在道路领域的全新应用,调控制备了兼具优异力学性能与吸能缓力特性的新型路用吸能材料,确定了材料适宜养生时间,明确了不同类型路用吸能材料的力学性能、吸能特性与缓力功效,在此基础上,建立了基于多指标决策的路用吸能材料综合性能评价体系,采用Ⅱ型弹性体聚合物(EP-Ⅱ)作为基础吸能材料,推荐了路用吸能材料组成配比最佳方案,为吸能材料在道路工程中的进一步推广应用奠定坚实基础。结果表明:聚乙烯醇(PVA)纤维与超高分子量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)微粉均能有效改善Ⅱ型弹性体聚合物材料的力学性能与吸能特性,但后者效果更佳;两者能够协同增强基础吸能材料的各项性能,对于拉伸、撕裂、吸能等性能分别提升127.4%~129.11%、34.04%与101.65%;综合考虑工作性能及经济效益,推荐路用吸能材料最佳配方为:1.0wt%PVA-3wt%UHMWPE/EP-Ⅱ,其相应各项工作性能指标为:拉伸强度14.29 MPa、断裂伸长率703.36%、撕裂强度79.27 N/mm、吸收转化能量1.73 J、最小缓冲系数10.21。

     

  • 图  1  不同养生时间下EP-Ⅱ的工作性能

    Figure  1.  Working properties of EP-Ⅱ at different curing time

    图  2  EP的力学性能

    Figure  2.  Mechanical properties of EP

    图  3  EP的吸能特性

    Figure  3.  Energy absorption characteristics of EP

    图  4  EP的应力-应变(σ-ε)曲线 (a) 及静态缓冲系数-最大应力(C-σm)曲线 (b)

    Figure  4.  Stress-strain (σ-ε) curves (a) and Static buffer coefficient - maximum stress (C-σm) curves (b) of EP

    图  5  PVA/EP-Ⅱ与UHMWPE/EP-Ⅱ的力学性能

    Figure  5.  Mechanical properties of PVA/EP-Ⅱ and UHMWPE/EP-Ⅱ

    图  6  PVA/EP-Ⅱ与UHMWPE/EP-Ⅱ的吸能特性

    Figure  6.  Energy absorption characteristics of PVA/EP-Ⅱ and UHMWPE/EP-Ⅱ

    图  7  PVA/EP-Ⅱ与UHMWPE/EP-Ⅱ的σ-ε曲线

    Figure  7.  σ-ε curves of PVA/EP-Ⅱ and UHMWPE/EP-Ⅱ

    图  8  PVA/EP-Ⅱ与UHMWPE/EP-Ⅱ的C-σm曲线

    Figure  8.  C-σm curves of PVA/EP-Ⅱ and UHMWPE/EP-Ⅱ

    图  9  EP-Ⅱ、PVA/EP-Ⅱ、UHMWPE/EP-Ⅱ、PVA-UHMWPE/EP-Ⅱ与E51的各项性能指标

    Figure  9.  Various property indexes of EP-Ⅱ, PVA/EP-Ⅱ, UHMWPE/EP-Ⅱ, PVA-UHMWPE/EP-Ⅱ and E51

    图  10  EP-Ⅱ、PVA/EP-Ⅱ、UHMWPE/EP-Ⅱ、PVA-UHMWPE/EP-Ⅱ与E51的C-σm曲线

    Figure  10.  C-σm curve of EP-Ⅱ, PVA/EP-Ⅱ, UHMWPE/EP-Ⅱ, PVA-UHMWPE/EP-Ⅱ and E51

    表  1  弹性体聚合物(EP)技术参数

    Table  1.   Technical parameters of elastomer polymer (EP)

    ProjectEP-ⅠEP-ⅡEP-Ⅲ
    Solid content/% 100 100 100
    Density/(g∙cm−3) 1.02 1.02 1.02
    Gel time/s 20-25 15-20 10-15
    Surface drying time/s 40-45 30-35 30-35
    Low temperature bending property/℃ −35 −35 −35
    Impact resistance/(kg∙m) 1.0 1.0 1.0
    Water permeability
    (0.4 MPa, 2 h)
    Impervious Impervious Impervious
    Hardness(Shore A) 90-95 85-90 85-90
    Wear resistance
    (750 g/500 r)/mg
    13.0 5.0 5.2
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  聚乙烯醇(PVA)纤维技术参数

    Table  2.   Technical parameters of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fiber

    ProjectTechnical parameter
    Diameter/m 17
    Length/mm 6
    Aspect ratio 35.29
    Density/(g∙cm−3) 1.3
    Flash point/℃ 79
    Melting point/℃ 230-240
    Elastic modulus/GPa 35
    Tensile strength/MPa 1600
    Elongation at break/% 7
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  超高分子量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)微粉技术参数

    Table  3.   Technical parameters of ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) micropowder

    Density/(g∙cm−3)Granularity/mMelting point/℃Molecular massHeat distortion temperature/℃
    0.920-0.964 125 130-136 (2-3)×106 80
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  4  EP-Ⅱ、PVA/EP-Ⅱ与UHMWPE/EP-Ⅱ的性能指标样本数据

    Table  4.   Sample data of performance index of EP-Ⅱ, PVA/EP-Ⅱ and UHMWPE/EP-Ⅱ

    No.MaterialTensile strength/
    MPa
    Elongation
    at break/%
    Tearing strength/
    (N·mm−1)
    Absorbed
    energy/J
    Minimum
    buffer factor
    1 EP-Ⅱ 6.281 307.04 59.14 0.8583 9.6718
    2 1.0wt%PVA/EP-Ⅱ 10.292 435.24 78.28 1.4252 10.5601
    3 1.5wt%PVA/EP-Ⅱ 9.257 358.00 79.29 1.4441 10.1920
    4 2.0wt%PVA/EP-Ⅱ 8.056 270.54 79.26 1.5571 10.4637
    5 1wt%UHMWPE/EP-Ⅱ 10.472 512.10 76.28 1.4365 8.8668
    6 3wt%UHMWPE/EP-Ⅱ 11.422 579.67 74.67 1.7347 9.6755
    7 5wt%UHMWPE/EP-Ⅱ 11.296 597.96 69.73 1.7802 9.1756
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  5  EP-Ⅱ、PVA/EP-Ⅱ与UHMWPE/EP-Ⅱ的评价指标标准化处理

    Table  5.   Standardization of evaluation index of EP-Ⅱ, PVA/EP-Ⅱ and UHMWPE/EP-Ⅱ

    Evaluation indexSatisfaction valueValue not allowedAverage value
    Tensile strength/MPa 11.422 6.281 9.582
    Elongation at break/% 597.96 270.54 437.22
    Tearing strength/(N·mm−1) 79.29 59.14 73.81
    Absorbed energy/J 1.7802 0.8583 1.4623
    Minimum buffer factor 8.8668 10.5601 9.8008
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  6  EP-Ⅱ、PVA/EP-Ⅱ与UHMWPE/EP-Ⅱ的各项评价指标的单项功效系数

    Table  6.   Single efficacy coefficient of each evaluation index of EP-Ⅱ, PVA/EP-Ⅱ and UHMWPE/EP-Ⅱ

    Evaluation indexNo. 1No. 2No. 3No. 4No. 5No. 6No. 7
    Materials EP-Ⅱ 1.0wt%
    PVA/EP-Ⅱ
    1.5wt%
    PVA/EP-Ⅱ
    2.0wt%
    PVA/EP-Ⅱ
    1wt%UHMWPE/
    EP-Ⅱ
    3wt%UHMWPE/
    EP-Ⅱ
    5wt%UHMWPE/
    EP-Ⅱ
    Tensile strength 0.6000 0.9121 0.8316 0.7381 0.9261 1.000 0.9902
    Elongation at break 0.6446 0.8012 0.7068 0.6000 0.8951 0.9777 1.000
    Tearing strength 0.6000 0.9800 1.000 0.9994 0.9402 0.9083 0.8102
    Absorbed energy 0.6000 0.8460 0.8542 0.9032 0.8509 0.9803 1.000
    Minimum buffer factor 0.8098 0.6000 0.6870 0.6228 1.000 0.8090 0.9271
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  7  EP-Ⅱ、PVA/EP-Ⅱ与UHMWPE/EP-Ⅱ的评价指标权重

    Table  7.   Weight of evaluation index of EP-Ⅱ, PVA/EP-Ⅱ and UHMWPE/EP-Ⅱ

    Evaluation indexWeight
    Tensile strength 0.2253
    Elongation at break 0.3457
    Tearing strength 0.1140
    Absorbed energy 0.2395
    Minimum buffer factor 0.0755
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  8  EP-Ⅱ、PVA/EP-Ⅱ与UHMWPE/EP-Ⅱ的总功效系数

    Table  8.   Total efficiency coefficient of each scheme of EP-Ⅱ, PVA/EP-Ⅱ and UHMWPE/EP-Ⅱ

    No.MaterialsTotal efficiency coefficient
    No.1 EP-Ⅱ 0.6313
    No.2 1.0wt%PVA/EP-Ⅱ 0.8421
    No.3 1.5wt%PVA/EP-Ⅱ 0.8021
    No.4 2.0wt%PVA/EP-Ⅱ 0.7510
    No.5 1wt%UHMWPE/EP-Ⅱ 0.9046
    No.6 3wt%UHMWPE/EP-Ⅱ 0.9627
    No.7 5wt%UHMWPE/EP-Ⅱ 0.9706
    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2021-07-07
  • 修回日期:  2021-09-13
  • 录用日期:  2021-09-22
  • 网络出版日期:  2021-09-30
  • 刊出日期:  2022-07-30

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