Effect of polyacrylonitrile nanofiber membrane on interlaminar shear properties of poly-p-phenylene benzobisoxazole fabric reinforced composites
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摘要: 聚对苯撑苯并双噁唑(PBO)纤维表面粘结能力弱,其与树脂复合后界面强度低,影响复合材料力学性能。采用静电纺丝的方法在PBO平纹织物上覆一层聚丙烯腈(PAN)纳米纤维膜,再将其进行铺层固化得到复合材料,在PBO纤维与环氧树脂之间构成了梯度界面层结构,以提高复合材料界面强度。使用万能试验机对复合材料进行短梁剪切测试,通过改变纺丝电压来确定最佳的层间性能增强效果。采用原子力显微镜获得界面相对刚度图像探究界面增强机制。结果表明,在保证注射泵推速和收集辊转速不变的情况下,当纺丝电压为20 kV时,复合材料层间性能增强效果最明显。相较于纯PBO纤维增强复合材料,表面覆膜的PBO纤维增强复合材料的层间剪切强度提高了40.1%;梯度界面结构有助于应力从树脂基体向纤维增强体均匀地传递,提高复合材料力学性能。
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关键词:
- 聚对苯撑苯并双噁唑(PBO)纤维 /
- 纳米纤维膜 /
- 复合材料 /
- 静电纺丝技术 /
- 层间剪切强度
Abstract: The surface bonding ability of poly-p-phenylene benzobisoxazole (PBO) fibers is weak, and its interface strength after being compounded with resin is low, which affects the mechanical properties of composite materials. This research coated the PBO plain weave fabric with a layer of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofiber membrane by electrospinning. The composite material was subsequently obtained by layering and curing, which formed a gradient interface between the PBO fibers and the epoxy resin to improve the interface strength of composite materials. The short beam shear test of composites was carried out by universal testing machine, and the best interlayer performance enhancement effect was determined by changing the spinning voltage. The relative stiffness image in interface was obtained with atomic force microscope (AFM) to investigate the enhancing mechanism of interface strength. The results show that when the spinning voltage is 20 kV, the interlaminar performance of the composite is most obvious under the condition that the pushing speed of the syringe pump and the rotating speed of the collecting roller remain unchanged. Compared with the pure PBO fibers reinforced composites, the interlaminar shear strength of the PBO fiber reinforced composites coated with film is increased by 40.1%. The gradient interface structure helps to transfer the stress evenly from the resin matrix to the fiber reinforcement and improve the mechanical properties of the composites. -
图 7 不同纱线横截面图像:(a) PBO纤维复合材料横截面示意图;(b) PBO纤维复合材料横截面形貌图;(c) PAN/PBO纤维包芯纱复合材料横截面示意图;(d) PAN/PBO纤维包芯纱复合材料横截面形貌图
Figure 7. Cross-sectional images of different yarns: (a) PBO fibers composite cross-sectional schematic diagram; (b) PBO fiber composite cross-sectional morphology diagram; (c) PAN/PBO fibers core-spun yarn composite cross-sectional schematic diagram; (d) PAN/PBO fibers core-spun yarn composite cross-sectional morphology diagram
图 8 不同相复合材料界面微观结构测试分析相关图:((a)、(b)) PBO/环氧树脂两相复合材料的横截面相对刚度图像和横截面相对刚度分布曲线;((c)、(d)) PBO/PAN/环氧树脂复合材料的横截面相对刚度图像和横截面相对刚度分布曲线
Figure 8. Correlation diagrams for the test and analysis of the interface microstructure of different phase composites: ((a), (b)) Cross-sectional relative stiffness images and cross-sectional relative stiffness distribution curves for PBO/epoxy composite; ((c), (d)) Cross-sectional relative stiffness images and cross-sectional relative stiffness distribution curves for PBO/PAN/epoxy composite
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