气相二氧化硅改性沥青的流变性能及改性机制

栗思琪; 颜川奇; 周圣雄

doi:10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20230203.002

气相二氧化硅改性沥青的流变性能及改性机制

doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20230203.002

1.
长安大学　特殊地区公路工程教育部重点实验室，西安 710064
2.
西南交通大学　土木学院，成都 610031

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(52008353)

详细信息

通讯作者:
周圣雄，博士，研究方向为路面新材料　E-mail: zhoushengxiong@my.swjtu.edu.cn

中图分类号: U414；TB332
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- 文章访问数: 649
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-12-02
- 修回日期: 2022-12-28
- 录用日期: 2023-01-10
- 网络出版日期: 2023-02-03
- 刊出日期: 2023-11-01

Rheological properties and mechanism of fumed SiO₂ modified asphalt

1.
Key Laboratory for Special Area Highway Engineering of Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710064, China
2.
School of Civil Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China

Funds: National Natural Science Foundation of China (52008353)

摘要

摘要: 纳米SiO₂(NS)可有效改善沥青的力学性能但价格高昂，气相SiO₂(FS)同样为纳米级材料且价格仅为NS的1/10。为评估FS代替NS的可行性，通过多重应力蠕变回复试验(MSCR)、线性振幅扫描试验(LAS)和弯曲梁流变试验(BBR)对比了普通SiO₂(OS)、FS、疏水纳米SiO₂(MNS)分别在掺量为3wt%时对基质沥青(Esso，ES)流变性能的影响。结果表明：FS对沥青高温抗车辙性能和中温抗疲劳性能的改善是三者中最好的，对低温抗裂性能的损害是最弱的。此外，借助SEM、变温红外光谱(VT-IR)、温度扫描(TeS)、TGA和DSC分析FS对沥青的改性机制，推断出FS特有的初级支化结构及其形成的“沥青-水团簇”体系是提升沥青性能的关键。因此，FS是一种性价比高的纳米级沥青改性材料。
- 气相SiO₂ (FS) /
- 水团簇 /
- 表面改性 /
- 流变 /
- 变温红外光谱
Abstract: Nano-silica (NS) modified asphalt is satisfactory in mechanical properties but is expensive. Fumed-silica (FS) is also a nanoscale material and the price is only 1/10 of NS. To evaluate the feasibility of FS replacing NS, using 3wt% original silica (OS), FS, hydrophobic nano silica (MNS) as modifier, the rheological properties of corresponding modified asphalt were studied compared with matrix asphalt (Esso, ES) by the multi-stress creep recovery test (MSCR), linear amplitude scanning test (LAS) and bent beam rheological test (BBR). The results show that the optimal modifier FS has the best effect on the rutting resistance at high temperature and the fatigue resistance at intermediate temperature for asphalt, and the least negative effect on the low temperature performance. The mechanism for these results was explored by SEM, temperature scanning test (TeS), variable temperature infrared spectroscopy (VT-IR), TGA and DSC. The intrinsic primary aggregates of FS and unique ES-hydroclusters system played a key role in the performance of FS-asphalt composite. Therefore, fumed SiO₂ is a cost-effective nano-scale material used to modify asphalt.
- fumed SiO₂ (FS) /
- hydroclusters /
- surface modified /
- rheological property /
- variable temperature infrared spectroscopy

HTML全文

图 1 普通SiO₂(OS)、气相SiO₂(FS)、纳米SiO₂(NS)、偶联剂KH550和改性纳米SiO₂(MNS)的红外图谱

Figure 1. FTIR spectra of ordinary SiO₂ (OS), fumed SiO₂ (FS), nano-SiO₂ (NS), KH550 and hydrophobic SiO₂ (MNS)

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图 2 基质沥青(ES)、普通SiO₂改性沥青(OS-ES)、气相SiO₂改性沥青(FS-ES)和疏水纳米SiO₂改性沥青(MNS-ES)在不同温度(64℃、70℃、76℃)和应力(0.1 kPa、3.2 kPa)下的累计应变曲线：(a) 0.1 kPa；(b) 3.2 kPa

Figure 2. Cumulative strain of matrix asphalt ESSO 70 (ES), ordinary SiO₂ modified asphalt (OS-ES), fumed SiO₂ modified asphalt (FS-ES) and hydrophobic nano SiO₂ modified asphalt (MNS-ES) at different temperatures (64℃, 70℃, 76℃) and stresses (0.1 kPa, 3.2 kPa): (a) 0.1 kPa; (b) 3.2 kPa

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图 3 沥青样品在0.1 kPa和3.2 kPa下的不可恢复蠕变柔量J_{nr, 0.1} (a)和J_{nr, 3.2}(b)

Figure 3. Non-recoverable creep compliance J_{nr, 0.1}(a) and J_{nr, 3.2}(b) of asphalt at 0.1 kPa and 3.2 kPa

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图 4 各沥青样品的应力-应变曲线(a)、疲劳寿命N_f (b)、应变ε为3%和5%时的疲劳寿命(c)、ε为10%和15%时的疲劳寿命(d)

Figure 4. Stress-strain curves (a), Fatigue life N_f(b), N_f at 3% and 5% of strain (c), N_f at 10% and 15% of strain (d) for asphalt samples

ε_f —Yield strain

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图 5 不同SiO₂改性沥青的弯曲梁流变试验(BBR)测试结果：(a)劲度模量S；(b)蠕变速率m

Figure 5. Stiffness modulus S (a) and creep rates m (b) from bent beam rheological test (BBR) for asphalt samples modified by SiO₂

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图 6 不同SiO₂的实物图((a)~(c))和SEM图像((d)~(f))

Figure 6. Object pictures ((a)-(c)) and SEM images ((d)-(f)) of different SiO₂

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图 7 不同SiO₂改性沥青的复数模量(G^*)和相位角(δ)

Figure 7. Complex modulus (G^*) and phase angle (δ) of different SiO₂ modified asphalts

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图 8 不同SiO₂改性沥青的模量比$ {R}_{{G}^{*}} $和相位角比$ {R}_{\delta } $

Figure 8. Complex modulus ratio $ {R}_{{G}^{*}} $ and phase angle ratio $ {R}_{\delta } $ of different SiO₂ modified asphalts

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图 9 ES的傅里叶变换红外光谱(a)及FE-ES的变温红外光谱((b)~(d))

Figure 9. FTIR spectra characteristics of ES (a) and variable temperature infrared spectroscopy of FE-ES ((b)-(d))

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图 10 FS在不同温度下对沥青的作用示意图

T_g—Glass transition temperature

Figure 10. Schematic representation of the FS action in bitumen at different temperatures

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图 11 4种沥青的TGA-DTG (a)及第二次加热DSC曲线(b)

LOI—Loss on ignition; ΔH_{m, fus}—Melting enthalpy

Figure 11. TGA and DTG curves (a) and DSC curves of the second heating (b) for the four bitumen

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表 1 ESSO 70号沥青的基本信息

Table 1. Basic information of ESSO 70^# asphalt

Performance grade	Penetration index (25℃, 0.1 mm)	Ductility (10℃, cm)	Softening point /℃
58-16	68	44	47.2

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表 2 4种沥青热损失相关参数

Table 2. Results of thermogravimetric losing for the four bitumen

Sample	Mass losing extrapolated onset T_o/℃	Mass losing fastest T_f/℃	Mass losing extrapolated end T_e/℃	Loss on ignition LOI/%
ES	307	355	384	85.16
OS-ES	282	400	434	75.72
FS-ES	327	375	428	78.11
MNS-ES	371	411	437	78.85

下载: 导出CSV

表 3 4种沥青第二次加热的DSC相关参数^[46-47]

Table 3. Results of DSC in the second heating for the four bitumen^[46-47]

	Sample	Melting extrapolated onset T_eim/℃	Melting extrapolated end T_efm/℃	Melting enthalpy ΔH_{m, fus}/(J·g^–1)
Temperatures and enthalpies related to a melting	ES	10.9	91.01	−6.41
	OS-ES	10.2	89.22	−7.92
	FS-ES	15.2	91.00	−6.83
	MNS-ES	15.1	89.24	−6.85
	Sample	Extrapolated onset temperature T_f/℃	Midpoint temperature T_g/℃	Extrapolated end temperature T_e/℃
Temperatures related to a glass transition	ES	−31.6	−20.9	−7.4
	OS-ES	−27.9	−15.6	−5.7
	FS-ES	−30.0	−20.1	−7.6
	MNS-ES	−22.6	−17.2	−6.6

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