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碳化硼陶瓷/超高分子量聚乙烯复合装甲板抗12.7 mm穿甲弹侵彻过程中陶瓷的碎裂行为

贾楠 焦亚男 周庆 何业茂 陈利 万喜莉

贾楠, 焦亚男, 周庆, 等. 碳化硼陶瓷/超高分子量聚乙烯复合装甲板抗12.7 mm穿甲弹侵彻过程中陶瓷的碎裂行为[J]. 复合材料学报, 2023, 40(6): 3571-3582. doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20220905.003
引用本文: 贾楠, 焦亚男, 周庆, 等. 碳化硼陶瓷/超高分子量聚乙烯复合装甲板抗12.7 mm穿甲弹侵彻过程中陶瓷的碎裂行为[J]. 复合材料学报, 2023, 40(6): 3571-3582. doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20220905.003
JIA Nan, JIAO Ya'nan, ZHOU Qing, et al. Ceramic fragmentation behavior of B4C ceramic/ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene composite armor plate impacted by 12.7 mm armor piercing projectile[J]. Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica, 2023, 40(6): 3571-3582. doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20220905.003
Citation: JIA Nan, JIAO Ya'nan, ZHOU Qing, et al. Ceramic fragmentation behavior of B4C ceramic/ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene composite armor plate impacted by 12.7 mm armor piercing projectile[J]. Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica, 2023, 40(6): 3571-3582. doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20220905.003

碳化硼陶瓷/超高分子量聚乙烯复合装甲板抗12.7 mm穿甲弹侵彻过程中陶瓷的碎裂行为

doi: 10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20220905.003
详细信息
    通讯作者:

    焦亚男,博士,研究员,博士生导师,研究方向为纺织复合材料结构与性能 E-mail:jiaoyn@tiangong.edu.cn

  • 中图分类号: TB332

Ceramic fragmentation behavior of B4C ceramic/ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene composite armor plate impacted by 12.7 mm armor piercing projectile

  • 摘要: 陶瓷/UHMWPE复合装甲板以其轻质高强的优异性能广泛应用于弹道防护领域,其通过陶瓷的破碎与背板的变形破坏耗散弹丸动能,其中陶瓷的破碎吸能是消耗动能的主要模式。因此,分析陶瓷的碎裂过程及损伤演化特性,对优化陶瓷复合装甲的防护性能具有重要意义。本文以碳化硼陶瓷(B4C)作为面板材料,超高分子量聚乙烯(Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene,UHMWPE)层压板作为背板材料,通过真空袋膜压工艺制备B4C/UHMWPE复合装甲板。采用54式12.7 mm穿甲弹以弹速(488±10) m/s侵彻复合装甲板,研究复合装甲板的抗侵彻性能;基于X射线计算机断层扫描(X-ray computed tomography,CT)技术和断口形貌观察,分析复合装甲板的弹道侵彻响应机制及B4C陶瓷的破碎行为和特征参数。研究结果表明:B4C陶瓷的破碎区域呈现双圆台状;陶瓷的响应区域包括陶瓷板背面的超前破碎区、弹道侵彻后剩余的陶瓷板、弹丸正下方的碎片-完全粉化区;B4C陶瓷内的自由面锥角与复合装甲板的抗穿甲弹侵彻性能存在明显正相关性;B4C/UHMWPE复合装甲板的响应过程包括冲击波传播过程及诱导陶瓷内自由面生成、B4C陶瓷的破碎过程、UHMWPE层压板的压缩-剪切-拉伸的耦合过程。

     

  • 图  1  (a) 真空袋膜压工艺制备装甲板;(b) 弹道测试装置;(c) 弹道测试后的复合装甲板和弹丸;(d) X 射线计算机断层扫描(CT)扫描设备

    Figure  1.  (a) Preparation of armor plate by vacuum bag film pressing process; (b) Illustration of ballistic test setup; (c) Post-impact composite laminate and bullet; (d) Illustration of X-ray computed tomography (CT)-scan setup

    API-Armor piercing incendiary; IR—Infrared ray; A—Sectional drawing

    图  2  不同结构的B4C/UHMWPE复合装甲板抵挡12.7 mm穿甲侵彻的有效防护百分比

    Figure  2.  Effective protection percentage of B4C/UHMWPE composite armor plates with different structures against 12.7 mm armor piercing penetration

    图  3  弹道侵彻后B4C/UHMWPE复合装甲板的损伤形貌:(a) 基于CT扫描的沿弹孔直径方向的复合装甲板横截面剖面形貌(S4#-3);(b) 弹着点处装甲板的宏观尺度的损伤形貌;((c1)~(c4)) 弹着点处装甲板的微观尺度的损伤形貌

    Figure  3.  Damage morphologies of post-impact B4C/UHMWPE composite armor plate: (a) Cross section morphology of composite armor plate along bullet hole diameter based on CT scanning (S4#-3); (b) Macroscopic damage morphology of armor plate at the impact point; ((c1)-(c4)) Micro scale damage morphology of armor plate at the impact point

    图  4  (a1) 弹着点处B4C陶瓷板背面的破碎形貌(S4#-5);(a2) 与B4C陶瓷板背面分离并贴附于UHMWPE层压板上的超前碎裂区陶瓷破碎形貌(S4#-5);(b) 穿甲弹侵彻作用下B4C陶瓷响应区域分类示意图

    Figure  4.  (a1) Fracture morphology of back face of B4C ceramic plate at impact point (S4#-5); (a2) Fracture morphology of ceramic in the advanced fragmentation zone separated from B4C ceramic plate back face and attached to the UHMWPE laminate (S4#-5); (b) Schematic diagram of response area classification of B4C ceramic under penetration of piercing projectile

    图  5  穿甲弹侵彻作用下B4C/UHMWPE复合装甲板中B4C陶瓷超前破碎区的形成机制

    Figure  5.  Formation mechanism of B4C ceramic advanced fragmentation zone in B4C/UHMWPE composite armor plate under armor piercing projectile

    图  6  穿甲弹侵彻作用下B4C/UHMWPE复合装甲板的响应机制:(a) 冲击波的传播过程;(b) 弹道侵彻过程:(b1) 陶瓷表面产生裂纹并形成超前破坏区;(b2) 超前破碎区与陶瓷分离并发生碎裂;(b3) 弹丸开始侵彻背板;(b4) 弹丸动能耗尽;(b5) 装甲有效抵挡弹丸侵彻;(b6) 装甲被弹丸穿透

    Figure  6.  Response mechanism of B4C/UHMWPE composite armor plate under armor piercing projectile: (a) Process of shock wave propagation; (b) Ballistic penetration process: (b1) Cracks appear on ceramic surface and advanced fragmentation zone is formed; (b2) Advanced fragmentation zone separates from the ceramic and breaks; (b3) Projectile began to penetrate the backplane; (b4) Kinetic energy of projectile is exhausted; (b5) Armor effectively resists projectile penetration; (b6) Armor was penetrated by the projectile

    V—Velocity of projectile

    图  7  弹道侵彻后B4C/UHMWPE复合装甲板的自由面锥角

    Figure  7.  Free surface cone angle of post-impact B4C/UHMWPE composite armor plate

    表  1  B4C陶瓷的物理性能

    Table  1.   Physical properties of B4C ceramic

    Bending strength/MPaElastic modulus/GPaVickers harness/MPaFracture toughness/(MPa·m1/2)Volume density/(g·cm−3)
    56439334652.83.472.57
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  试验用超高分子量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)层压板的物理性能

    Table  2.   Physical properties of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) laminate in experiment

    Volume density
    /(g·cm−3)
    Tensile strength at break/MPaYoung's modulus/GPaTensile strain at break/%
    0.95-1.01064.3942.093.10
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  3  试验用B4C/UHMWPE复合装甲板结构及其参数

    Table  3.   Structure and specifications of B4C/UHMWPE composite armor plate in experiment

    Test structure No.Structure design
    of armor plate
    Parameters of B4C/UHMWPE laminated composite armor plateRepetition
    Thickness of B4C/mmAreal density of UHMWPE/(kg·m−2)Areal density of armor plate/(kg·m−2)
    AVG.STD.AVG.STD.AVG.STD.
    S1#11 mm B4C + 10 kg/m2 UHMWPE11.130.1310.130.0839.210.549
    S2#12 mm B4C + 8 kg/m2 UHMWPE12.080.108.120.0439.560.455
    S3#11 mm B4C + 12 kg/m2 UHMWPE11.180.0211.980.1641.770.394
    S4#12 mm B4C + 10 kg/m2 UHMWPE12.200.0110.020.0742.180.367
    Notes: AVG.—Average; STD.—Standard deviation.
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  4  B4C /UHMWPE复合装甲板抵挡54式12.7 mm穿甲弹侵彻试验结果

    Table  4.   Test results of B4C /UHMWPE composite armor plate resisting the penetration of 54 Type 12.7 mm armor piercing projectile

    No. of test structureRepeat sample No.Impact velocity/(m·s−1)Post-impact stateLocation of impact pointBulge length/mm
    Distance from top/mmDistance from left/mm
    S1#S1#-1495NP13020039
    S1#-2497CP150160
    S1#-3489NP14515560
    S1#-4492CP160175
    S1#-5491CP215150
    S1#-6493CP105155
    S1#-7493NP11513595
    S1#-8483CP175180
    S1#-9497CP160160
    S2#S2#-1495CP165195
    S2#-2493CP210170
    S2#-3491CP180215
    S2#-4489CP155145
    S2#-5493NP14515079
    S3#S3#-1489CP115150
    S3#-2498NP11012093
    S3#-3491NP21019068
    S3#-4483NP17524066
    S4#S4#-1496NP12014055
    S4#-2490CP150165
    S4#-3494NP13515030
    S4#-4489CP155160
    S4#-5485CP200115
    S4#-6486CP160165
    S4#-7491NP15017040
    Notes: NP—Non-perforating; CP—Complete perforating.
    下载: 导出CSV
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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2022-06-27
  • 修回日期:  2022-07-27
  • 录用日期:  2022-08-24
  • 网络出版日期:  2022-09-06
  • 刊出日期:  2023-06-15

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